NDLI: High-efficiency lead-free silver pastes for crystalline silicon solar cells

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	VerNooy, P. Torardi, C. Zhigang Li Lewittes, M. Getty, R. Mikeska, K. Ionkin, A. Lapkin Cheng Wu, A. Laughlin, B. Laudisio, G.
Copyright Year	2012
Description	Author affiliation: DuPont Microcircuit Materials, 45 Hsing Pont Road, Taoyuan, Taiwan 330 (Wu, A.) \|\| DuPont Central Research and Development, DuPont Experimental Station, Wilmington, DE 19880, USA (VerNooy, P.; Torardi, C.; Zhigang Li; Lewittes, M.; Getty, R.; Mikeska, K.; Ionkin, A.; Lapkin Cheng) \|\| DuPont Microcircuit Materials, 14 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA (Laughlin, B.) \|\| DuPont Microcircuit Materials, Coldharbour Lane, Frenchay, Bristol, England BS16 1QD (Laudisio, G.)
Abstract	Lead-free n-type contacting photovoltaic pastes have historically lagged behind their lead-containing counter-parts in efficiency performance. The industry almost exclusively uses front-side silver pastes that rely on lead-containing frits to achieve good SiN anti-reflective coating (ARC) etching and low contact resistance. Research into lead-free frit chemistry has been a lower priority due to regulatory allowances for lead and, as a result, there is a lack of market pull for lead-free pastes and modules. Nevertheless, there is a need to find a sustainable replacement for lead, and thus we have been continuously improving our lead-free offerings. We have developed high-efficiency lead-free pastes with superior line conductivity and contact resistance compared to an industry-leading lead-containing paste.
Starting Page	002271
Ending Page	002273
File Size	598521
Page Count	3
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781467300643
ISSN	01608371
e-ISBN	9781467300667
DOI	10.1109/PVSC.2012.6318050
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2012-06-03
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Lead Conductivity Silver Silicon Contact resistance Temperature measurement silver paste contact resistivity crystalline silicon frit high efficiency lead-free paste photovoltaic cells
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Control and Systems Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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