NDLI: Inexpensive, abundant, non-toxic thin films for solar cell applications grown by reactive sputtering

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Chawla, V. Clemens, B.
Copyright Year	2010
Description	Author affiliation: Stanford University, CA, USA (Chawla, V.; Clemens, B.)
Abstract	The success of CIGS and CdTe solar cells has shown that thin films have the potential to greatly reduce costs while matching the efficiencies of the best silicon devices. As such, a number of new thin film materials that have optimal properties are being explored for solar applications. One of these materials is Cu (CZTS), which is composed of entirely abundant and nontoxic elements. Currently, all the processes used to grow this material involve the deposition of metallic/sulfide precursors and a subsequent anneal at high temperature in a H2S environment to incorporate sulfur into the film. Here we present a novel one-step deposition process where sulfur is incorporated into the film during deposition. Films grown by this process are textured in the (112) direction and show large columnar grains with diameters ranging from 50–500nm. The best of these films were incorporated into devices and efficiencies as high as 1.5% have been achieved.
Starting Page	001902
Ending Page	001905
File Size	1060919
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424458905
ISSN	01608371
e-ISBN	9781424458929
DOI	10.1109/PVSC.2010.5616337
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2010-06-20
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Control and Systems Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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