NDLI: A novel near-infrared voltage-sensitive dye reveals the action potential wavefront orientation at increased depths of cardiac tissue

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Walton, R.D. Mitrea, B.G. Pertsov, A.M. Bernus, O.
Copyright Year	2009
Description	Author affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA (Mitrea, B.G.; Pertsov, A.M.) \|\| Biological Sciences and members of the Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK (Walton, R.D.; Bernus, O.)
Abstract	Recently, novel near-infrared (NIR) voltage-sensitive dyes were developed for imaging electrical activity in blood-perfused hearts and for tomographic applications. However, their usefulness for conventional surface mapping is unclear. The spectral shift to the NIR range significantly increases the penetration depth of light into the tissue, thus increasing the intramural volume contributing to the optical action potential (OAP). Here, we characterize both computationally and experimentally the effect of increased penetration depth on the OAP upstroke, the OAP component most sensitive to optical scattering and absorption, and the activation maps. Optical imaging of cardiac electrical activity was performed in isolated rat hearts (n = 3D5) paced from the LV mid free wall. We used the NIR dye JPW-6033 (excitation at 660nm, acquisition at >695nm). The conventional dye DI-4-ANEPPS (excitation at 532nm, acquisition at 700 DF50nm) was used for comparison. To simulate OAP we utilized a hybrid model that couples light transport equations with the model of electrical propagation. As expected, the switch from DI-4-ANEPPS to JPW-6033 significantly increased the upstroke duration: from 3.95±0.69ms to 5.39±0.82 ms, respectively. However, activation maps were largely unaffected. The correlation between the shape of the optical upstroke, and the averaged subsurface wave front orientation was also preserved. The computer simulations are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. In conclusion, our analysis suggests that despite significant increase in upstroke duration, the novel NIR dyes can be a useful alternative to conventional dyes in surface mapping applications.
Starting Page	4523
Ending Page	4526
File Size	803895
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424432967
ISSN	1557170X
DOI	10.1109/IEMBS.2009.5334106
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2009-09-03
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Voltage Cardiac tissue Optical scattering Optical imaging Heart Optical surface waves Optical sensors Tomography Optical computing Absorption
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Signal Processing Biomedical Engineering Health Informatics Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

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