NDLI: Effect of electrode profile and conductivity on current density and cutaneous sensation during transcranial DC stimulation

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Dutta, Anirban Mudaliar, Ashvin Chugh, Sanjay
Copyright Year	2011
Description	Author affiliation: University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands (Mudaliar, Ashvin) \|\| Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany and Neuro Rehab Services, LLP, New Delhi, India (Dutta, Anirban) \|\| Neuro-psychiatric clinic and Neuro Rehab Services, LLP, New Delhi, India (Chugh, Sanjay)
Abstract	Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) involves passing low currents through the brain and is a promising tool for inducing cortical excitability. However tDCS presents challenges in terms of discomfort due to painful cutaneous sensation and reduced efficacy in stimulating deeper cortical structures. This warrants design optimization of the stimulation electrode that interfaces with the tissue and injects the electrical current. In this study we investigated the effect of electrode profile and conductivity on current density at depths below the center of the electrode as well as along the electrode-skin interface. We also investigated cutaneous sensation during tDCS with electrodes having different conductivities. We found from Finite Element Analysis that lower conductivity as well as concave-top sponge electrode can reduce edge-effects. Furthermore, concave-top sponge electrode in conjunction with lower electrode conductivity can improve current density at shallow depths below the center of the electrode. Two-way ANOVA revealed a significant effect of electrode conductivity (p=0.0000) and hair/bald condition (p=0.0029) as well as their synergistic effect (p=0.0000) on the cutaneous sensation. Moreover, a lower conductivity sponge electrode reduced prickle sensation at the edges during tDCS.
Starting Page	7639
Ending Page	7642
File Size	536552
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424441211
ISSN	1557170X
e-ISBN	9781457715891
e-ISBN	9781424441228
DOI	10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6091882
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2011-08-30
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Electrodes Conductivity Current density Hair Finite element methods Skin Humans
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Signal Processing Biomedical Engineering Health Informatics Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

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