NDLI: Reduced GeO2 Nanoparticles: Electronic Structure of a Nominal GeOx Complex and Its Stability under H2 Annealing

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Zhao, Jia Yang, Linju Mcleod, John A. Liu, Lijia
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	A nominal GeOx (x ≤ 2) compound contains mixtures of Ge, Ge suboxides, and GeO2, but the detailed composition and crystallinity could vary from material to material. In this study, we synthesize GeOx nanoparticles by chemical reduction of GeO2, and comparatively investigate the freshly prepared sample and the sample exposed to ambient conditions. Although both compounds are nominally GeOx, they exhibit different X-ray diffraction patterns. X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) is utilized to analyse the detailed structure of GeOx. We find that the two initial GeOx compounds have entirely different compositions: the fresh GeOx contains large amorphous Ge clusters connected by GeOx, while after air exposure; the Ge clusters are replaced by a GeO2-GeOx composite. In addition, the two GeOx products undergo different structural rearrangement under H2 annealing, producing different intermediate phases before ultimately turning into metallic Ge. In the fresh GeOx, the amorphous Ge remains stable, with the GeOx being gradually reduced to Ge, leading to a final structure of crystalline Ge grains connected by GeOx. The air-exposed GeOx on the other hand, undergoes a GeO2→GeOx→Ge transition, in which H2 induces the creation of oxygen vacancies at intermediate stage. A complete removal of oxides occurs at high temperature.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep17779
Starting Page	17779
File Format	PDF
ISSN	20452322
e-ISSN	20452322
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume Number	5
Language	English
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Publisher Date	2015-12-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Nature Publishing Group
Subject Keyword	Science and technology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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