NDLI: Fast-moving dislocations trigger flash weakening in carbonate-bearing faults during earthquakes

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Spagnuolo, Elena Oliver, Plümper Marie, Violay Cavallo, Andrea Toro, Giulio Di
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Rupture fronts can cause fault displacement, reaching speeds up to several ms−1 within a few milliseconds, at any distance away from the earthquake nucleation area. In the case of silicate-bearing rocks the abrupt slip acceleration results in melting at asperity contacts causing a large reduction in fault frictional strength (i.e., flash weakening). Flash weakening is also observed in experiments performed in carbonate-bearing rocks but evidence for melting is lacking. To unravel the micro-physical mechanisms associated with flash weakening in carbonates, experiments were conducted on pre-cut Carrara marble cylinders using a rotary shear apparatus at conditions relevant to earthquakes propagation. In the first 5 mm of slip the shear stress was reduced up to 30% and CO2 was released. Focused ion beam, scanning and transmission electron microscopy investigations of the slipping zones reveal the presence of calcite nanograins and amorphous carbon. We interpret the CO2 release, the formation of nanograins and amorphous carbon to be the result of a shock-like stress release associated with the migration of fast-moving dislocations. Amorphous carbon, given its low friction coefficient, is responsible for flash weakening and promotes the propagation of the seismic rupture in carbonate-bearing fault patches.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep16112
Starting Page	16112
File Format	PDF
ISSN	20452322
e-ISSN	20452322
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume Number	5
Language	English
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Publisher Date	2015-11-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Nature Publishing Group
Subject Keyword	Science and technology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Fast-moving dislocations trigger flash weakening in carbonate-bearing faults during earthquakes

Dislocation Motion and the Microphysics of Flash Heating and Weakening of Faults during Earthquakes

Earthquakes trigger the loss of groundwater biodiversity

Geologic carbon storage is unlikely to trigger large earthquakes and reactivate faults through which CO2 could leak

Probing the character of ultra-fast dislocations

Geologic carbon storage is unlikely to trigger large earthquakes and reactivate faults through which $CO_{2}$ could leak

Carbonate-based Janus micromotors moving in ultra-light acidic environment generated by HeLa cells in situ

Dynamic weakening during earthquakes controlled by fluid thermodynamics

Deep ocean carbonate ion increase during mid Miocene CO2 decline

Fast-moving dislocations trigger flash weakening in carbonate-bearing faults during earthquakes

Similar Documents

Fast-moving dislocations trigger flash weakening in carbonate-bearing faults during earthquakes

Dislocation Motion and the Microphysics of Flash Heating and Weakening of Faults during Earthquakes

Earthquakes trigger the loss of groundwater biodiversity

Geologic carbon storage is unlikely to trigger large earthquakes and reactivate faults through which CO2 could leak

Probing the character of ultra-fast dislocations

Geologic carbon storage is unlikely to trigger large earthquakes and reactivate faults through which $CO_{2}$ could leak

Carbonate-based Janus micromotors moving in ultra-light acidic environment generated by HeLa cells in situ

Dynamic weakening during earthquakes controlled by fluid thermodynamics

Deep ocean carbonate ion increase during mid Miocene CO2 decline

Fast-moving dislocations trigger flash weakening in carbonate-bearing faults during earthquakes