NDLI: Ultra-sensitive field sensors - an alternative to SQUIDs

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Pannetier, M. Fermon, C. Legoff, G. Simola, J. Kerr, E. Welling, M. Wijngaarden, R.J.
Copyright Year	2002
Abstract	Very low magnetic fields are detected up to now using SQUID-based devices. In the femtotesla range, only low-T/sub c/ SQUIDs have a sufficiently low level of noise to measure extremely low signals, as for instance induced fields of the neural activity of the brain, for magneto-encephalography (MEG). An alternative to SQUIDs is to combine a superconducting flux-to-field transformer with a high-sensitivity giant magnetoresistive sensor (GMR). We have fabricated and performed experiments on such an integrated YBCO-based mixed sensor. It is comprised of a GMR stack separated from a YBCO thin film by an insulating layer. The induced supercurrent in the YBCO is forced through a narrow constriction, thereby creating a local field much larger than the external field. This large local field is detected by the GMR. Effective noise levels are down to 30 fT/sqrtHz, which is in the range of high-Tc Squids. Performance of this device is shown from liquid helium temperature (4.2 K) up to liquid nitrogen temperature (77K). By replacing the GMR by a Tunneling Magneto Resistance (TMR) or a Colossal Magneto Resistance (CMR) sensor, and by adjusting the dimensions to optimize the local enhancement effect, the sensitivity should reach the subfemtotesla range at low frequency. A large number of applications could be investigated by this sensor, especially in the biomagnetism area, as well as in various other fields, from earth mapping to fundamental physics (vortex motion in superconductors, magnetic interactions...).
Sponsorship	Council on Superconductivity Appl. Superconductivity Conference Inc MIT
Starting Page	892
Ending Page	895
Page Count	4
File Size	565928
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10518223
Volume Number	15
Issue Number	2
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2005-06-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	SQUIDs Magnetic sensors Giant magnetoresistance Magnetic separation Superconducting magnets Colossal magnetoresistance Magnetic field measurement Noise level Superconducting device noise Power transformer insulation magnetometers high-temperature superconductors magnetoencephalography
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Condensed Matter Physics Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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