NDLI: The physical source of adherent microbubble signal separation in singular spectrum-based targeted molecular imaging (SiSTM) of large vessels

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Shiying Wang Mauldin, F.W. Hossack, J.A.
Copyright Year	2012
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Biomed. Eng., Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA (Shiying Wang; Mauldin, F.W.; Hossack, J.A.)
Abstract	Real-time ultrasound-based molecular imaging in large vessels has the promise for early detection and diagnosis of stroke. Isolation of echo signals from adherent microbubbles (AMBs) from signals attributed to free microbubbles and tissue structures is critical to the success of these imaging techniques. Singular spectrum-based targeted molecular imaging (SiSTM) is a recently proposed method that uses changes in statistical dimensionality, as quantified by the normalized singular spectrum area (NSSA), to more effectively separate components compared with methods that use frequency-domain filtering alone. However, the precise physical mechanism responsible for NSSA-based signal separation of AMBs and vessel wall is still unknown. In this paper, in vitro flow phantom experiments were performed to elucidate the physical mechanism responsible for NSSA-based separation. NSSA and image intensity of AMBs were measured with different radiation forces, microbubble concentrations and flow rates. In the absence of flow, NSSA shifts between vessel wall and AMBs with increasing radiation force and microbubble concentration were less than 2.5% and 10% of typical values (i.e. ~ 0.2) observed from SiSTM, respectively. With flow, and thus with shear forces, the NSSA shift between vessel wall and AMBs was close to 0.2. With different flow rates, the steady-state NSSA level increased with higher flow shear forces. Consequently, our results indicate that the physical source responsible for NSSA-based signal separation is shear forces from flow.
Starting Page	2153
Ending Page	2156
File Size	403690
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781467345613
ISSN	19485719
e-ISBN	9781467345620
DOI	10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0537
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2012-10-07
Publisher Place	Germany
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Fluids Force Acoustics Molecular imaging Phantoms Decorrelation targeted molecular imaging echo decorrelation microbubble stroke
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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