NDLI: Frozen plasma flow from E-beam targets

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Garcia, M.
Copyright Year	1998
Description	Author affiliation: Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab., CA, USA (Garcia, M.)
Abstract	Summary form only given. An intense electron beam pulse deposits energy into a thin metal plate creating a region of hot ionized fluid, which vents as an expanding hypersonic flow with nonequilibrium ionization. This paper describes an analytical model and how it compares to experimental data from Los Alamos National Laboratory. The source temperature is proportional to the ratio of Bethe stopping power to source volume, and the shape of this volume depends on the lateral diffusion of beam electrons traversing the plate. Mass flow within the plate is modelled as a one-dimensional unsteady expansion of a perfect gas with clumped pressure waves, and the mass flow into an external vacuum is modelled as a sequence of steady hemispherical flows. The local conditions in the external flow are parametrized by Mach number, and derivatives of these relations give local gradients of temperature, velocity and density. The source volume can be highly ionized, yet on expansion the density and temperature drop so precipitously that the ionization fraction becomes both small and out of equilibrium with local conditions. The ability of the ionization fraction to adjust to local conditions increasingly lags the motion of the accelerating flow, until a point is reached where the ionization fraction is "frozen" at a fixed value. The transition between equilibrium and frozen now occurs in a narrow zone close to the plate, and the location of this zone is given by a criterion first stated by K.N.C. Bray (1959).
File Size	124666
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780347927
ISSN	07309244
DOI	10.1109/PLASMA.1998.677709
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1998-06-01
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Ionization Diodes Electron beams Cathodes Laboratories Plasma temperature Radiography Plasma confinement Anodes Magnetic confinement
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics Condensed Matter Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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