NDLI: Postoperative epidural haematomas associated with hydrocephalus caused by intraoperative overdrainage of cerebrospinal fluid: two case reports with a literature review of 19 cases.

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Year: 2017 Volume: 2017

Year: 2016 Volume: 2016

Year: 2015 Volume: 2015

Histiocytic necrotising lymphadenitis (Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease) of axillary lymph nodes.

Atrio-oesophageal fistula after transcatheter radiofrequency ablation.

A long-term follow-up of residual mass neuroblastoma in a patient with cystic fibrosis.

Low serum free thyroxine level in a girl with McCune-Albright syndrome.

Splenic abscess as a potential initial manifestation of quiescent infective endocarditis in a patient with bronchopneumonia.

Monostotic Paget's disease of the second metacarpal.

Biparietal variant of Alzheimer's disease: a rare presentation of a common disease.

Toxocariasis as a cause of multiple pulmonary nodules in a paediatric patient.

An intriguing case of blurred vision in a young patient.

Anti-MuSK-positive myasthenia gravis diagnosed during pregnancy: new challenges for an old disease?

Acute unilateral isolated ptosis.

Rare manifestations in a case of Osler-Weber-Rendu disease.

Bilateral total hip arthroplasty in a young man with hereditary multiple exostoses.

Macular pseudohaemorrhage secondary to Allen Dot artefact.

Double jeopardy: two episodes of forearm compartment syndrome in the same patient.

Achalasia: a risk factor that must not be forgotten for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Three testicles in one hemiscrotum: an unusual presentation of polyorchidism.

Unilateral persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous: intensive management approach with excellent outcome beyond visual maturation.

Late onset of cryptococcal cervical lymphadenitis following immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a patient with AIDS.

Intrauterine tamponade balloon use in the treatment of uterine inversion.

Sister Mary Joseph nodule.

Tuberculosis of the triceps muscle.

Rectal perforation after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for low-lying rectal cancer.

Resolution of NASH with weight loss documented by hepatic MRI.

Hydrocephalus due to extreme dilation of Virchow-Robin spaces.

An unusual presentation of ulcerative colitis.

Refractory hypoglycaemia in patient with gastric outlet obstruction.

Salzmann nodular degeneration associated with epithelial ingrowth after LASIK treated with superficial keratectomy.

A straightforward stroke? Maybe not: atypical presentation of type A aortic dissection.

Fusion of permanent maxillary right central incisor and mesiodens in an 8-year-old child.

Renal replacement lipomatosis of the right kidney.

Asymptomatic internal hernia through a defect of broad ligament: a surprising finding in a laparoscopic surgery to recover a lost levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system.

Sudden flaccid paralysis.

Epidural abscess and feculent meningitis secondary to stercoral ulcer rupture.

Bilateral thalamic bleed and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in Japanese encephalitis.

Ischaemic necrosis of the tongue.

Nasoalveolar cyst: an enigma for the dentist.

Christmas disease: diagnosis and management of a haemorrhagic diathesis following dentofacial trauma.

A rare but potentially fatal cause of diarrhoea and weight loss: enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma.

Obliteration of the medullary canal in an atypical bisphosphonate-related femoral fracture.

Borrelial pseudolymphoma of the nose.

Haematuria and loin pain, could this be tuberculosis?

Granulicatella adiacens subacute bacterial endocarditis as the underlying cause of type II mixed cryoglobulinaemia.

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma mimicking diverticulitis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

The catastrophic journey of a retained temporary epicardial pacemaker wire leading to Enterococcus faecalis endocarditis and subsequent stroke.

Cardiac arrest caused by a pacemaker check.

Persistent unilateral central serous chorioretinopathy in a breastfeeding woman.

Rare mutation in the SLC26A3 transporter causes life-long diarrhoea with metabolic alkalosis.

Rickettsial infection caused by accidental conjunctival inoculation.

The dilemma of evaluating a continuous murmur in a patient of aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva and coronary cameral fistula presenting with supraventricular tachycardia.

Follicular cell dendritic sarcoma of cervical nodes in a patient with significant WTC exposure.

Swinging cardiac calcified amorphous tumour arising from a calcified mitral annulus in a patient with normal renal function.

Percutaneous breast implant herniation: a rare complication of miliary TB.

Subungual squamous cell carcinoma.

Air Duster abuse causing rapid airway compromise.

Cord blood platelet gel treatment of dystrophic recessive epidermolysis bullosa.

Role of susceptibility-weighted imaging in demonstration of cerebral fat embolism.

Chilaiditi's syndrome as a cause for shock.

Sphincter sparing resection of a large obstructive distal rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumour after neoadjuvant therapy with imatinib (Glivec).

Orofacial granulomatosis as a presenting feature of Crohn's disease.

Advanced digital subtraction angiography and MR fusion imaging protocol applied to accurate placement of flow diverter device.

Cretinism presenting as a pseudotumour.

'Granuloma gravidarum': persistence in puerperal period an unusual presentation.

Quetiapine-induced myocarditis presenting as acute STEMI.

Pneumomediastinum and pneumoretroperitoneum: an extremely rare presentation of acute appendicitis.

Retroperitoneal abscess: an extra-abdominal manifestation.

Cone beam CT as an aid to diagnosing mixed radiopaque radiolucent lesions in the mandibular incisor region.

Painful acute radiation thyroiditis induced by 131I treatment of Graves' disease.

Lamellar macular hole after intravitreal ocriplasmin injection.

Bilateral eccentric vision training on pseudovitelliform dystrophy with microperimetry biofeedback.

An unusual treatable cause for proximal muscle weakness.

Progressive headache in a 48-year-old man.

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Fracture, inflation and floatation embolisation of PTCA balloon.

Breast pain in a patient on dialysis: a rare manifestation of calcific uraemic arteriolopathy.

Sore throat... don't forget Lemierre's syndrome.

Paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction in a patient with BRAF V600E-mutated metastatic malignant melanoma.

Impacted permanent incisors associated with compound odontoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma in a patient treated with long-term pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for recurrent ovarian cancer.

Airway compromise due to adenoid cystic carcinoma obstructing the distal trachea: a review of current management and clinical trials.

Rabies encephalitis in a child: a failure of rabies post exposure prophylaxis?

An unusual parotid mass.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) of the mandible in an adult: a rare case.

Enterobiasis: threadworm infection presenting as acute appendicitis in a 13-year-old girl.

Keratoconus in an adult with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.

Uterine artery embolisation for acute dysfunctional uterine bleeding with failed medical therapy: a novel approach to management.

Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy after prolonged metronidazole course for treatment of C. difficile colitis.

Renal cell carcinoma with proliferative lupus nephritis.

'Stump appendicitis': postappendectomy appendicitis.

Cerebral infarction accompanied by cerebral bleeding in patients receiving apixaban.

Angiosarcoma of common iliac vein.

Gastropericardial fistula after Roux-en-Y bypass for reflux disease.

Plasma cell gingivitis with severe alveolar bone loss.

Cutaneous melioidosis in a healthy Danish man after travelling to South-East Asia.

Amyloidosis of the renal pelvis: a harbinger of mammary carcinoma?

Spontaneous passage of long, sharp gastrointestinal foreign body in a child.

Self-limiting recurrent bullous Henoch-Schonlein purpura with lupus anticoagulant.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease: an unusual cause of neck swelling in pregnancy.

Carcinoma of breast metastasising to mandible.

Large posterior vaginal cyst in pregnancy.

Incidentally detected large idiopathic brachial artery aneurysm: a potentially life-threatening discovery.

A fungating spica.

Osteomyelitis, discitis, epidural and psoas abscess secondary to Salmonella enterica in a man with diabetes mellitus and newly diagnosed -thalassaemia trait.

Necrotising pneumonia and bronchiectasis in a previously healthy 30-year-old man.

Myocardial infarction associated with eosinophilia and plasma extravasation at multiple sites. A variant of Kounis syndrome.

4D flow preliminary investigation of a direct carotid cavernous fistula due to a ruptured intracavernous aneurysm.

An unusual swelling in the male perineum.

Neurosarcoidosis-associated central diabetes insipidus masked by adrenal insufficiency.

A case of lissencephaly in a 5-month-old infant.

Pregnancy and ABCB4 gene mutation: risk of recurrent cholelithiasis.

A case of nausea and vomiting to remember.

Abdominal cocoon: idiopathic sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis.

False detection of atrial fibrillation in children by a blood pressure monitor with atrial fibrillation detection function.

Successful surgical optic nerve decompression in a patient with hypertrophic pachymeningitis due to granulomatous polyangiitis.

The migrant worker: visible, yet invisible.

The wire anchor loop traction (WALT) maneuver.

Total testosterone levels are often more than three times elevated in patients with androgen-secreting tumours.

Long-term efficacy of deep sclerectomy in Posner-Schlossman syndrome.

Outcome of central hypoventilation secondary to childhood pertussis encephalitis in adulthood.

Deep colonic endoscopic submucosal dissection using a modified clip and snare method incorporating a pre-looping technique.

Expansive pulmonary artery aneurysm in an IV drug user.

Synchronously detected secondary signet ring cell urinary bladder malignancy from the stomach masquerading as genitourinary tuberculosis.

What to look for on a breast specimen radiograph: lessons learnt.

Unexplained weight loss in an 80-year-old woman.

Galactosaemia: an unusual cause of chronic bilirubin encephalopathy.

Peripapillary astrocytic hamartomas evolve from the optic nerve.

Hyponatraemic encephalopathy: an unusual stroke mimic.

Systemic inflammatory disease resolution following cosmetic silicone breast implant removal.

Page kidney due to a renal pseudocyst in a setting of pancreatitis.

ECG phasic voltage changes associated with spontaneous pneumothorax in a patient with vanishing lung syndrome.

Patient self-demonstration of the anterior drawer test in an ACL deficient knee.

Spinal cysticercosis: an unusual presentation.

A unique cause of interosseous membrane calcification.

Fatal endotracheal tube obstruction due to the ball valve effect.

Tuberous sclerosis complex: multisystem hamartomas.

Association of pulmonary silicosis and systemic sclerosis.

Status epilepticus developing during lacosamide monotherapy.

Successfully treated symptomatic fusiform basilar artery aneurysm in a patient with hindbrain malformation via inverted Y-stenting.

Congenital atresia of the inferior vena cava and antithrombin III deficiency in a young adult: compounding risk factors for deep vein thrombosis.

Superior vena cava syndrome associated with longstanding implantable central venous port.

Cardiac asystoles misdiagnosed as epileptic seizures.

Primary/local hepatic tuberculosis without dissemination.

Intense pruritus in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) hepatitis treated with naloxone drip.

Cardiac CT for intraseptal pseudoaneurysm: impending double rupture of ventricular septum and left ventricular free wall.

Psychogenic polydipsia, hyponatremia and osmotic myelinolysis.

Crooked fingers and sparse hair: an interesting case of trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1.

Extension of pancreatic pseudocyst into psoas muscle in a setting of acute pancreatitis.

Adenosine-induced tachycardia acceleration: an unusual proarrhythmia.

Inappropriate sexual behaviour due to frontal dementia.

Is time of the essence? Delayed diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma.

Relapsing fetal bilateral hydrothorax, an isolated expression of a vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation.

Non-healing ulcer of right foot due to Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis.

Pancreatic panniculitis.

A ventral incisional hernia with herniation of the left hepatic lobe and review of the literature.

Non-invasive prenatal testing for sex chromosome abnormalities: a source of confusion.

Psoas abscess and severe fasciitis due to a caecal carcinoma.

An unusual cause of stridor in an adult: mediastinal foregut duplication cyst.

Oral lesions presenting as an early sign of acute leukaemia.

Forme Fruste of HLH (haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis): diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

'The nodule that disappeared' spontaneous regression of an eyelid noduloulcerative lesion mimicking the features of a basal cell carcinoma.

A case of recurrent pneumonia and lung abscess in an immunocompetent patient.

Gastric lipoma presenting with haematemesis.

Atropine sulfate for treatment of bradycardia in a patient with morbid obesity: what may happen when you least expect it.

A tumour lysis syndrome in a chemotherapy naïve patient with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Distal renal tubular acidosis in primary hyperparathyroidism.

When pneumonia becomes a double congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

A giant coronary aneurysm formed after coronary artery bypass grafting.

Iatrogenic brachiocephalic vein perforation during pacemaker implantation.

The first North American use of the Pipeline Flex flow diverter.

Emergency placement of stent-graft for symptomatic acute carotid artery occlusion after endarterectomy.

Massive carotid artery aneurysm presenting as an oropharyngeal swelling in a young woman.

The role of tonsillectomy in psoriasis treatment.

Ramifications of poor medical education and screening in minority populations: an extensive acral melanoma.

Bilateral recurrent ocular surface squamous cell cancer associated with epidermodysplasia verruciformis.

Sirenomelia: two cases in Cali, Colombia.

A common problem in the elderly with an uncommon cause: hypoglycaemia secondary to the Doege-Potter syndrome.

A corneal dendritic lesion with a skin eruption: eczema herpeticum, an important differential diagnosis.

An uncommon oesophageal foreign body in a neonate.

An acute myocardial infarction due to Brucella prosthetic valve endocarditis starting shortly after the onset of non-specific symptoms.

Complete tongue protrusion palsy due to subsequent cryptogenic cortical strokes.

Pleuritic chest pain and fluid levels on imaging in a heavy cannabis smoker.

Subtalar dislocation secondary to a low energy injury.

The failing heart: a bad case of the 'flu'.

A 22-year-old woman with right lumpy jaw syndrome and fistula.

Niemann-Pick type B in adulthood.

Imaging a neglected transradial, trans-scaphoid volar perilunate fracture dislocation in a skeletally mature adult: a novel constellation.

Prolonged duration of transbrachial intra-aortic balloon pump as bridge to heart transplantation.

Giant epidermal cyst with intramuscular extension: a rare occurrence.

Giant prolactinoma mimicking low-tension glaucoma at presentation.

Emergent interventional approach for aortogastric tube fistula with massive gastrointestinal bleeding.

Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage secondary to propylthiouracil-induced vasculitis.

Photosensitivity and double vision as initial symptoms of colon cancer.

A 'shock-ing' endoscopic finding on esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

A rare cause of primary amenorrhoea, the XY female with gonadal dysgenesis.

Postoperative epidural haematomas associated with hydrocephalus caused by intraoperative overdrainage of cerebrospinal fluid: two case reports with a literature review of 19 cases.

Characteristic autopsy findings in hair dye poisoning.

Early urinary diversion facilitates stent placement and conservative management of surgical ureteric injuries.

Ackerman syndrome: a rare cause of arthritis with dermatitis.

Osteomalacia: a forgotten cause of fractures in the elderly.

Hallucinations associated with miglitol use in a patient with chronic kidney disease and hypothyroidism.

Biliopleural fistula following gun shot injury in right axilla.

Isolated folate deficiency causing profound pancytopenia in pregnancy.

Occupational therapy intervention to inspire self-efficacy in a patient with spinal ataxia and visual disturbance.

Rare cause of an anterior mediastinal mass causing airway compression in a young child.

A case of asymptomatic incidental live anisakid worm infestation on a large rectal polyp.

'Pseudotumour' invading the proximal femur with normal metal ions following metal on metal hip resurfacing.

Cystic meningioma.

Nodular fasciitis of the masseter.

Single-stage management of a neglected radial club hand deformity in an adult.

Multiple cerebral aneurysms in a patient with cardiac myxoma: what to do?

Reversible changes in diffusion- and perfusion-based imaging in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.

Endovascular treatment of jugular bulb diverticula causing debilitating pulsatile tinnitus.

High renal regional oxygen saturation in femoral arteriovenous fistula after neonatal cardiac surgery.

Pulmonary leucostasis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Retinal pseudoangiitis after intravitreal triamcinolone.

Complete resolution of the symptoms of refractory Osgood-Schlatter disease following percutaneous fixation of the tibial tuberosity.

Antiretroviral therapy-induced lipodystrophy.

Unilateral proptosis in a woman with asthma.

Altered mental status: what is the diagnosis?

A patient presenting with stress-induced epigastric pain.

A giant intra-abdominal cyst.

Hip osteoarthritis: patients with complex comorbidities can make exceptional improvements following intensive exercise and education.

Pancreaticopleural fistula: an unusual complication of pancreatitis.

The bronze kidney: membranous glomerulonephritis associated with iron overload.

Teary eyes due to 21 pence?

Proximal fibular stress fractures in children and adolescents, what should we rely on? Lessons learned from a case.

An unusual association of Ménétrier's disease with a gastric bezoar.

Traumatic intradiploic epidermoid cyst manifest as scalp papule.

Hyperdense basilar artery sign.

Acquired haemophilia A presenting at a District General Hospital.

Varicella-zoster meningitis with a late-onset of skin eruption.

Delayed splenic abscess after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Legionnaires disease presenting as acute kidney injury in the absence of pneumonia.

Delayed-onset postoperative endophthalmitis secondary to Exophiala.

The association of cholinergic and cold-induced urticaria: diagnosis and management.

Non-traumatic depressed skull fracture in a neonate or 'ping pong' fracture.

Peritoneal lymphomatosis: a rare presentation of follicular lymphoma mimicking peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Cardiac arrest following acute puerperal uterine inversion.

Pneumatosis intestinalis an increasingly common radiological finding, benign or life-threatening? A case series.

A pain in the joints.

Atypical isolated nuclear oculomotor nerve syndrome: a diagnostic challenge.

Eruptive furunculosis following the soak and smear regimen.

The successful use of lipectomy in the management of airway obstruction in a woman with HIV-associated lipodystrophy.

Transcaval ureter: a rare embryological anomaly causing obstructive uropathy.

Correction of neglected vertical talus deformity in an adult.

Acute scrotal pain and priapism: an early sign of progression in metastatic renal cell carcinoma?

Sinonasal melanoma arising from conjunctival primary acquired melanosis.

Allergic reaction to polysulphone membrane dialyser masquerading as infection.

CT pleurogram for diagnosing an occult diaphragmatic tear.

Sternoclavicular septic arthritis due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a patient with a suprapubic catheter.

3D reconstruction is important when evaluating MAPCAs for unifocalisation.

Reactivation of Clostridium tertium bone infection 30â years after the Iran-Iraq war.

Transient cardiogenic shock during a crisis of pheochromocytoma triggered by high-dose exogenous corticosteroids.

Improvement of sudden bilateral hearing loss after vertebral artery stenting.

Bilateral putaminal necrosis and bronopol toxicity.

Let's review Chance fracture.

Enterobacter cloacae pericardial effusion in a frail elderly patient.

Unique MRI findings for differentiation of an early stage of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.

Hip arthritis presenting as knee pain.

Haemorrhagic rupture of hepatic simple cysts.

Nicorandil-induced colonic ulceration.

Type 2 diabetes presenting with hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state in an adolescent renal transplant patient.

Metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma to the pelvis and vertebrae in a patient with chronic hepatitis 'C' with unknown primary.

An unusual relapse in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura as an initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus with acquired ADAMTS 13 antibody.

Surgical repair of a rupture of the pectoralis major muscle.

An unusual cause of abdominal distension: intraperitoneal bladder perforation secondary to intermittent self-catheterisation.

Inflammatory bowel disease-like colitis pathology in a patient with common variable immune deficiency.

Prolapse of all cardiac valves in Noonan syndrome.

The importance of not jumping to conclusions: syphilis as an organic cause of neurological, psychiatric and endocrine presentations.

Giant colonic volvulus due to colonic pseudo-obstruction.

Use of a medication passport in a disabled child seen across many care settings.

Pathological fractures in a patient with chronic lymphatic leucaemia without disease progression.

Life-threatening haematuria caused by vancomycin-induced thrombocytopenia.

Spontaneous regression and recurrence of stage III Merkel cell carcinoma.

First ever case of spontaneous triplet cornual pregnancy: management of laparoscopic cornual resection with modified endoloop method.

Scimitar syndrome with absent right pulmonary artery and severe pulmonary hypertension treated with coil occlusion of aortopulmonary collaterals in a term neonate.

Pseudoaneurysm: an unusual cause of post-traumatic hand swelling.

Cerebral and pulmonary involvement in an immunocompromised host.

Simple leads to complex solutions.

Antenatal diagnosis of intracranial haemorrhage and porencephalic cyst.

Multimodal cardiac imaging of a postinfarction subvalvular left ventricular aneurysm.

Coexisting ipsilateral right femoral hernia and incarcerated obturator hernia.

Myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid: a rare tumour that may provide diagnostic difficulty.

Thompson and Hamilton type IV Freiberg's disease with involvement of multiple epiphyses of both feet.

Lumbar blood patching for proximal CSF leaks: where does the blood go?

Flat trachea syndrome: a rare condition with symptoms similar to obstructive airway disease.

Spontaneous iliopsoas haematoma: a complication of hypertensive urgency.

Colitis possibly induced by quetiapine.

Spontaneous flexor tendon rupture in the palm.

New diagnosis myasthenia gravis and preeclampsia in late pregnancy.

Pneumatosis intestinalis presenting as pneumoperitoneum in a teenage girl with pyloric stenosis.

Sideroblastic anaemia and primary adrenal insufficiency due to a mitochondrial respiratory chain disorder in the absence of mtDNA deletion.

Iliopsoas tendon rupture: a new differential for atraumatic groin pain post-total hip arthroplasty.

Late onset adrenal insufficiency and achalasia in Allgrove syndrome.

A case of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia associated with McCune-Albright syndrome lost to follow-up.

Extracorporeal laparoscopically assisted resection of a perforated Meckel's diverticulum due to a chicken bone.

Lipoma of the corpus callosum.

Extensive spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma: when 'treatment turned to tragedy'.

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome as a cause for recurrent abdominal pain and vomiting in a 9-year-old girl.

Haemodialysis catheter-related giant right atrial and superior cava thrombi.

Dental manifestations of congenital rubella syndrome.

Diagnosis and management of symptomatic residual ureteral stump after nephrectomy.

Discrete ('acral nonpapular') localised lichen myxedematosus.

Microcyclosporella mali: a novel fungal keratitis in a post-penetrating keratoplasty patient.

Adipofascial radial artery perforator flap interposition to treat post-traumatic radioulnar synostosis in a patient with head injury.

Successful primary coronary angioplasty for acute inferior myocardial infarction in a patient with RII-type single coronary artery.

Type I allergic hypersensitivity reactions due to ethylene oxide sterilised leucocyte filters in patients with thalassaemia: report of four cases.

Parietal bone osteomyelitis in melioidosis.

HIV-associated primary effusion lymphoma presenting as a paracardial mass.

Disseminated hydatidosis.

An unexpected diagnosis of adenomyosis in the subfertile woman.

Left atrium compression due to oesophageal dilation can induce acute heart failure.

A Baker's dozen.

Perthes disease in a 2-year-old child.

Incidental diagnosis of liver tuberculosis in a patient with jaundice.

An unusual case of refractory wheeze.

Carpal tunnel syndrome following an electrical injury in a child.

Fatal multiple deer tick-borne infections in an elderly patient with advanced liver disease.

Rituximab-induced Takotsubo syndrome: more cardiotoxic than it appears?

Acute postoperative inflammatory polyarthritis associated with a lone IgM cardiolipin antibody.

De Garengeot's hernia: 40â years after Bassini inguinal hernioplasty.

Cutaneous nocardiosis: an underdiagnosed pathogenic infection.

Anaphylaxis after home-made quinoa dinner: hold the mustard.

Acute suppurative parotitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in an HIV-infected man.

Primary hydatid cyst of the parotid gland.

Pseudoabducens palsy mimicking myasthenia gravis.

The diagnostic usefulness of 18F-fluorodoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/CT in SAPHO syndrome.

Unusual drainage pattern of a supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection.

Embolisation of pheochromocytoma to stabilise and wean a patient in cardiogenic shock from emergency extracorporeal life support.

The unmasking of a pyopericardium.

Surgical management of subcutaneous Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.

Endoscopic mucosal resection of early stage colon neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Undescended parathyroid adenoma.

Retinal astrocytic hamartoma in a patient with Leber's congenital amaurosis.

An uncommon cause for compressive myelopathy.

Bronchogenic carcinoma presented as Foville's syndrome.

Cardiac CT in an aberrant right coronary artery.

Pedunculated haemangioma of the palate.

Neurosyphilis presenting with a stroke-like syndrome.

Adalimumab-induced lupus serositis.

Neuralgic amyotrophy complicating acute hepatitis E infection: a rare association.

Gastric perforation due to foreign body ingestion mimicking acute cholecystitis.

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: an inflammatory breast condition with review of the literature.

Major haemorrhage in pubic rami fractures.

Prosthodontic rehabilitation of a patient with aggressive periodontitis.

'Triplication' defect in deciduous teeth: an unusual odontogenic anomaly.

A ruthless sarcoma of the foot.

Chronic pancreatitis presenting as superior mesenteric artery syndrome.

Difficulty with cuff deflation of reinforced tracheal tube caused by inflation line occlusion with silk thread ligation and fixation.

Patellar ligament rupture in an adolescent.

Infantile osteopetrosis associated with osteomyelitis.

Major ischaemic stroke caused by an air embolism from a ruptured giant pulmonary bulla.

Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a diagnostic challenge.

Traumatically shattered kidney without urine extravasation or vascular amputation.

Dislocated trial femoral head during total hip arthroplasty: review of the literature and the new algorithm for treatment.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy case series: typical, atypical and recurrence.

Implantable collamer lens in a case of corneal scar with anisometropic amblyopia in an adult: an expanded indication.

Tourniquet-associated povidone-iodine-induced chemical burns.

Atrial enlargement associated with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: an unusual cause of dysphagia and weight loss.

Pseudomyxoma peritonei: a rare tumour mimicking primary ovarian neoplasia.

Healing the orphaned heart: heart failure in a patient with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

Polyarteritis nodosa: an atypical presentation.

Sensory tricks for isolated speech-induced lingual dystonia.

SLE or hypothyroidism: who can triumph in cardiac tamponade?

Endocarditis of the native aortic valve caused by Lactobacillus jensenii.

Spontaneous iliopsoas muscle haematoma as a complication of anticoagulation in acute cerebral venous thrombosis: to stop or not to stop (the anticoagulation)?

Zinner syndrome: an uncommon cause of painful ejaculation.

Massive surgical emphysema secondary to iatrogenic tracheal laceration.

Gross haematuria associated with penetration of an inferior vena cava filter into the right renal collecting system.

Sclerosing lipogranuloma of the eyelid: unusual complication following nasal packing in endoscopic sinus surgery.

Hyaline globules in fine-needle aspiration smears of salivary gland neoplasms.

T-cell primary leptomeningeal lymphoma in cerebellopontine angle.

Kyphoscoliosis: looking beyond the spine.

¹8F-FDG-PET-positive adrenal tumour.

Neonatal thyrotoxicosis caused by maternal autoimmune hyperthyroidism.

Recurrent ischaemic stroke unveils polycythaemia vera.

An unusual cause of neonatal cyanosis .

Cerebrospinal fluid involvement in acute promyelocytic leukaemia at presentation.

Complete atrioventricular block in pregnancy: report of seven pregnancies in a patient without pacemaker.

A difficult diagnosis: severe Graves' ophthalmolopathy.

Infected florid osseous dysplasia: clinical and imaging follow-up.

'Nocturnal noises': an isolated stridor in an adolescent.

Large rhinolith causing nasal obstruction.

Oral focal mucinosis: a rare case with literature review.

Acute airway obstruction due to retropharyngeal haematoma caused by a large fish bone in a patient with hypertension caused by a pheochromocytoma.

Renal denervation for severe hypertension in a small child with Turner syndrome: miniaturisation of the procedure and results.

FDG positron emission tomography of giant cell arteritis with polymyalgia rheumatica.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST) of mandible: solving the perplexity.

A case of endometriosis presenting as an inguinal hernia.

Inflammatory pseudotumour-like follicular dendritic cell tumour of the spleen.

Triceps tendon rupture: an uncommon orthopaedic condition.

Macular pattern dystrophy and homonymous hemianopia in MELAS syndrome.

Incidental detection of ascariasis worms on USG in a protein energy malnourished (PEM) child with abdominal pain.

Sturge-Weber syndrome: oral and extra-oral manifestations.

Accessory pancreatic lobe with gastric duplication cyst: diagnostic challenges of a rare congenital anomaly.

Renal pelvis rupture during pregnancy: diagnosing a confusing source of despair.

Use of congenital pouch colon for augmenting the neurogenic bladder in a child: a 13-year follow-up.

Acute exacerbation of dysphagia due to foreign body impaction in an oesophageal stricture due to eosinophilic esophagitis.

Gallstone pancreatitis secondary to a pathological cystic duct stump in a setting of chronic pain syndrome: a diagnostic dilemma.

Steroid-responsive encephalopathy: an under recognised aspect of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Cardiac rhabdomyoma: an antenatal illustration.

Cardiovascular MR angiography in partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection.

Vascular graft infections and role of PET/CT in patients with persistent bacteraemia.

Apparent asystole: are we missing a lifesaving opportunity?

The appropriate management of an appendiceal mucocele.

Atypical cardiac tamponade in severe pulmonary hypertension.

Primary malignant mixed Müllerian tumour of the fallopian tube: a rare and difficult but possible diagnosis.

Simultaneous stent expansion/balloon deflation technique to salvage failed balloon remodeling.

Endogenous endophthalmitis with a visual acuity of 6/6.

A delayed presentation of bilateral leg compartment syndrome following non-stop dancing.

When you hear hoofbeats, think of horses but do not forget the zebras.

A rare case of bilateral nasolabial cysts.

Cone beam CT assisted re-treatment of class 3 invasive cervical resorption.

Large laryngeal vascular malformation in a 5-year-old child.

Isolated right ventricular cardiomyopathy with autoimmune hypothyroidism: a rare association in an adolescent.

Diagnostic error: what Muir-Torre syndrome has taught us.

Facial extention of ear pathology: infected cholesteatoma causing a parotid abscess.

Testicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting in a young adult.

Trigeminal herpes zoster: early recognition and treatment are crucial.

CT findings in Fahr's disease.

Ruptured splenic abscess causing pneumoperitoneum: a rare cause revisited.

The trumpet player with a swelling in the neck.

A sudden pain in the neck: an atypical presentation of cystic lymphangioma.

Paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dyskinesia, post-streptococcal syndromes and psychogenic movement disorders: a diagnostic challenge.

Oesophageal perforation caused by screw displacement 16 months following anterior cervical spine fixation.

Hindsight: providing an easy diagnosis for a rare presentation.

A giant pancreatic pseudocyst treated by cystogastrostomy.

The dangers of iodine-based contrasts in an elderly patient with thyroid disease.

A tricky late occurrence of Bochdalek's hernia.

Anabolic androgenic steroid-induced Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

Cat-scratch disease presenting as a solitary splenic abscess in an elderly man.

When it matters that a 'Stroke' is not a stroke.

Bilateral traumatic hip dislocation with sciatic nerve palsy.

Parotid epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma: an unexpected intraoperative finding.

Sarcoidosis presented as retroperitoneal and lung mass.

Management of the sodium hypochlorite accident: a rare but significant complication of root canal treatment.

Flucloxacillin and fusidic acid-associated neutropenia in a patient with periaortic abscess: rare side effects of commonly used antibiotics.

Mediastinal germ cell tumour causing superior vena cava tumour thrombosis.

Severe hypercalcaemia and colon ischaemia: dehydration as an unusual cause?

A rare case of fatal stroke after ethylene glycol toxicity.

Complete recovery after severe myxoedema coma complicated by status epilepticus.

i-gel: a new supraglottic device for effective resuscitation of a very low birthweight infant with Cornelia de Lange syndrome.

Conservative management of a post-traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the artery of cervical enlargement-anterior spinal artery junction.

Coronary artery spasm: mimicry, misdiagnosis and misfortune.

Dilation balloon rupture during percutaneous dilational tracheostomy: using Blue Dolphin kit.

Successful emergency splenectomy during cardiac arrest due to cytomegalovirus-induced atraumatic splenic rupture.

Acute appendicitis in a child with swine influenza (H1N1).

Cystic meningioma: diagnostic difficulties and utility of MRI in diagnosis and management.

Coronary thromboembolic acute myocardial infarction due to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation occurring after non-cardiac surgery.

Aortic pseudocoarctation: a late presentation of an uncommon anomaly.

Prostate cancer: beware of disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Cavernous sinus syndrome: need for early diagnosis.

Juvenile polymyositis with unremitting pain and progressive loss of motor and bulbar function on a background of sickle cell disease.

An unusual cause of abdominal pain in an HIV-positive man.

Cystic duct carcinoma mimicking a middle bile duct tumour.

Primary hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy leading to hypercalcaemic crisis and uraemic encephalopathy.

Orbital metastasis as initial manifestation of a widespread papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.

A significant 'coronary steal' by thebesian veins, a rare congenital coronary defect masquerading as acute coronary syndrome.

Headache during haemodialysis in a patient with shunt: a cause for concern?

Fistula formation between the external iliac artery and ileal conduit following a radical cystoprostatectomy: a rare complication with prewarning signs of haemorrhage.

Locally aggressive cavernous haemangioma of the mandible: an unusual presentation.

Coronary artery aneurysm presenting as a large mass encroaching on the right atrium in an adult patient with untreated Kawasaki disease.

Strongyloidiasis: an unusual cause of septic shock with pneumonia and enteropathy in western countries.

Exceptional penetrating orbital injury that spared the eye globe.

Trifascicular block progressing to complete AV block on exercise: a rare presentation demonstrating the usefulness of exercise testing.

Oral verruciform xanthoma.

A new technique of closing a gastroatmospheric fistula with a rectus abdominis muscle flap.

Subcutaneous sarcoidosis in a rhinoplasty scar.

A restless abdomen and propriospinal myoclonus like at sleep onset: an unusual overlap syndrome.

Healthcare-associated infective endocarditis of the pulmonary valve.

Unusual cause of infective endocarditis in an elderly patient with a rare condition.

The crying sign: the winking umbilical cord.

Fulminant necrotising fasciitis by community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Necrotising fasciitis secondary to perforated rectal adenocarcinoma presenting as a thigh swelling.

A rash during surgery: rounding up the usual suspects.

Bilateral cystic encephalomalacia following multiple intrauterine transfusions for anti-Kell isoimmunisation.

Ophthalmic manifestations postlightning strike.

A liver lesion in primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Jack in the box: inguinal endometriosis.

Diagnosis and management of isolated pituitary metastasis from adenocarcinoma of unknown origin presenting as loss of libido.

A 54-year-old woman with premature ventricular complexes and a rapidly changing ECG.

Colovesical fistula presenting as Listeria monocytogenes bacteraemia.

Acute upper airway obstruction and emergency front of neck access in an achondroplastic patient.

Complex ophthalmoplaegia denoting Wernicke encephalopathy in a non-alcoholic individual.

Monotherapy with stenting in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) after middle cerebral artery dissection.

Residual vasomotor activity assessed by heart rate variability in a brain-dead case.

Paravaginal aggressive angiomyxoma.

Treatment of tachycardia: bradycardia syndrome in a patient with obstructive sleep apnoea.

A prominent 'A' notch in the pulmonary valve M mode-one more cause of the same.

Ruptured hepatic artery aneurysm: an unusual presentation of polyarteritis nodosa.

Mycotic pseudoaneurysm by vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus: a rare cause of persistent bacteraemia.

Burning mouth syndrome due to herpes simplex virus type 1.

Primary cutaneous rhinosporidiosis: an unusual lesion with an unusual presentation.

Primary failure of eruption (PFE).

What goes around, comes around.

Endometrial osseous metaplasia: an unusual cause of infertility.

Clinoidal meningioma associated with an internal carotid artery aneurysm.

Phlegmasia cerulea dolens in a teenage boy found to have Factor V Leiden.

Anterior mediastinal mass due to thoracic splenosis.

Psychosis post corona radiata and lentiform nucleus infarction.

Diabetic ketoacidosis in the setting of HNF1A-maturity onset diabetes of the young.

The three faces of herpes simplex epithelial keratitis: a steroid-induced situation.

Suspected ovarian molar pregnancy after assisted reproductive technology conception: a diagnostic challenge.

Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome: a rare cause of acute urinary retention in an adolescent girl.

Eosinophilic ulcer of the tongue: a rare and confusing clinical entity.

Acute penile pain and swelling in a 4-year-old child with Henoch-Schönlein purpura.

Family as the primary caregiver: palliative care in the Golan Heights.

Autoimmune pancreatitis mimicking Klatskin tumour on radiology.

Complicated septic arthritis after knee arthroscopy in a 75-year-old man with osteoarthritis and a popliteal cyst.

Treasure in the chest.

Autotransplantation for the management of ketamine ureteritis.

Severe thrombocytopenia and recurrent epistaxis associated with primary Epstein-Barr virus infection.

Group A streptococcal endophthalmitis complicating a sore throat in a 2-year-old child.

Femoral hernia, a rare complication following deep inguinal lymph node dissection.

Granulomatous interstitial pneumonia induced by the intake of rice bran pickles: a rare subtype of pulmonary manifestation associated with food allergy.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of oral mucosa.

Proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma-unusual presentation: unilateral vulvar mass.

Colonic phytobezoar as a rare cause of large bowel obstruction.

Stress-induced cardiomyopathy.

Not all secondary bone tumours are secondaries. Concurrent metastatic breast carcinoma and chondrosarcoma of the femur.

Delayed diagnosis of angiosarcoma of the spleen: clinically presenting as recurrent haemoperitoneum following embolisation.

Diffuse unresolving pulmonary nodules in a patient with a history of cervical carcinoma.

Leucocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 with developmental delay secondary to CMV infection and filiation questions.

Chemotherapy-induced acute psychosis in a patient with malignant germ cell tumour.

Unusual presentation of uterine leiomyoma.

Primary clear cell carcinoma of the rete testis: 1st report.

Variability in the international normalised ratio (INR) in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome and positive lupus anticoagulant: should the INR targets be higher?

Carcinoma pancreas and fibrocalcific pancreatic diabetes: a dual association for weight loss.

Pituitary apoplexy presenting with anorexia and hyponatraemia.

A rare combination of facial and hypoglossal nerve palsies following post-traumatic internal carotid artery dissection.

Giant cell arteritis mimicking infiltrative leptomeningeal disease of the optic nerves.

A hot, swollen joint without trauma: septic arthritis until proven otherwise.

Horner syndrome after radical neck surgery for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.

Thyroglossal duct cyst presenting as a large isolated mass within the middle mediastinum.

Pregnancy in a patient with Schwachman-Diamond syndrome.

Utility of transbronchial lung biopsy in diagnosis of cavitary lung lesion in a patient with HIV infection.

Urethral diverticulum: a potential hazard of penile clamp application for male urinary incontinence.

An unusual pelvic cyst found at laparoscopic hernia repair.

Coronary thromboembolic acute myocardial infarction due to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation occurring after non-cardiac surgery:Correction.

Hemiballism with leg predominance caused by contralateral subthalamic haemorrhage.

Headache during haemodialysis in a patient with shunt: a cause for concern?:Correction.

H1N1 pneumonitis associated with long-term non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug abuse.

Migrated biliary stent causing perforation of sigmoid colon and pelvic abscess.

Fish Malodour syndrome in a child.

Actinomyces meyeri brain abscess following dental extraction.

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

Anti-VEGF therapy in a silicone oil-filled myopic eye with choroidal neovascularisation.

Chronic candida endophthalmitis as a cause of intermediate uveitis.

Rebleeding of a neck remnant in a case of ruptured aneurysm initially treated with coils.

Calciphylaxis in the absence of renal failure and hyperparathyroidism in a nonagenarian.

Corneal infection by Pseudomonas stutzeri following excision of trigeminal nerve schwannoma.

Use of multiple immunosuppressive agents in recalcitrant ACANTHAMOEBA scleritis.

Intestinal invagination secondary to intestinal adenocarcinoma in coeliac disease.

Timing is everything in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

Large mitral valve aneurysm with infective endocarditis.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis with the use of tamoxifen.

Arrhythmias are not to blame for all cardiac syncope patients: left atrial myxoma causing syncope in a middle-aged man.

Parenchymal asbestosis can lead to lung cancer within a short time frame: more frequent follow-up surveillance is needed than currently recommended.

Traumatic catheterisation: a near miss.

Toxic shock syndrome.

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy with hypoglycaemia, diabetes insipidus and pancreatitis, preceded by intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

A rare case of bilateral cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma recurring as bilateral cystic Wilms tumour.

Massive hepatobiliary ascariasis at autopsy.

Giant triple coronary artery aneurysms from incomplete Kawasaki disease.

Assessment of severe lower limb trauma with the aid of on-site photography.

Evolution of MRI appearances due to progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy following natalizumab treatment for multiple sclerosis.

Bell's palsy in association with a cerebellar arachnoid cyst.

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the colon.

A large pulmonary arteriovenous malformation causing cerebrovascular accidents.

Resection of a large carotid paraganglioma in Carney-Stratakis syndrome: a multidisciplinary feat.

Imaging findings in lipoma arborescens.

Pathological fracture of the mandible.

Missing choriocarcinoma may be easy but not suspecting it in a high-risk case can be potentially fatal.

Rare case of adult jejunojejunal intussusception secondary to angiolipoma.

Penile and generalised calciphylaxis in peritoneal dialysis.

Mucosal pigmentation of the hard palate in a patient taking imatinib.

Deep infiltrating endometriosis of the colon causing cyclic bleeding.

Sudden cardiac arrest secondary to cardiac amyloidosis in a young woman with cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome.

A rare case of multiple digital infarcts in a patient with Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) infection.

Unresponsive primipara after rupture of membranes.

Chronic alveolar haemorrhage in a paediatric patient: a diagnostic and treatment challenge.

Two-stage release in Streeter's dysplasia.

Recurrence of aqueous misdirection following pars plana vitrectomy in pseudophakic eyes.

Orbital cellulitis with periorbital abscess secondary to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sepsis in an immunocompetent neonate.

Congenital hernia of cord: an often misdiagnosed entity.

Mediastinal mass: to resect or not to resect?

Ollier disease in a 6-year-old child.

Locus coeruleus syndrome as a complication of tectal surgery.

Endometriosis masquerading as Crohn's disease in a patient with acute small bowel obstruction.

Acute psychosis in a pregnant patient with Graves' hyperthyroidism and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis.

Access to essential paediatric eye surgery in the developing world: a case of congenital cataracts left untreated.

Breast lumps: a rare site for rheumatoid nodules.

Metastatic extramammary Paget's disease responding to weekly paclitaxel.

Protocols cure diseases, not patients: flaccid paresis in post-NSTEMI statin treatment.

Putting your heart on the line: an unusual case of a renal replacement complication.

Refractory polymyositis undergoing remission following antitubercular therapy.

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: an unusual manifestation of brucellosis in a previous healthy male patient.

Successful management of chronic high-output ileostomy with high dose loperamide.

Idiopathic splenic arteriovenous fistula without splenic artery aneurysm.

A new form of gastric banding.

A new diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia complicated by peripancreatic tuberculous lymphadenitis.

Laparoscopic management of Bouveret syndrome.

A rare cause of severe lactic acidosis.

Intra-operative acidosis during 5-aminolevulinic acid assisted glioma resection.

A chest wall pulsating mass.

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion: a story of duloxetine-induced hyponatraemia.

Severe pelvic abscess formation following caesarean section.

Tuberculous lymphadenitis and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis, improbable partners.

Oncocytic adrenocortical carcinoma--a rare pathological variant.

Primary osteosarcoma of the clavicle and the perils of bone biopsy.

Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: a frequent disease with rare clinical evolution.

Renal infarction caused by medium vessel vasculitis.

The truth is in the water: metastatic prostate cancer presenting as an intermittent facial nerve palsy.

When myopathy breaks the rules: a late-onset distal presentation.

Appendiceal faecolith: a radiological finding not to be missed.

Non-operative management of a complete anterior cruciate ligament injury in an English Premier League football player with return to play in less than 8â weeks: applying common sense in the absence of evidence.

Early cavernous sinus thrombosis following unilateral pansinusitis in a child.

Periventricular white matter lesion and incomplete MRZ reaction in a male patient with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis presenting with dysphoric mania.

Acquired Wharton's duct stenosis after dental radiographs treated with sialendoscopy.

Does this case hold the answer to one of the worse types of pain in medicine--that of loin pain haematuria syndrome (LPHS).

Late onset iatrogenic limb ischaemia after deployment of an Angio-Seal vascular closure device.

Fibroadenoma in axilla: another manifestation of ectopic breast.

A rare manifestation of a multisystemic disease: a case of vocal cord palsy secondary to sarcoidosis.

Chest wall abscesses due to continuous application of silicone gel sheets for keloid management.

Lower motor neuron facial palsy after ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery.

Diagnosis of double splenic artery pseudoaneurysm: CT scan versus angiography.

Placental mesenchymal dysplasia associated with spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

Shigella sonnei bacteraemia occurring in a young man with shigellosis.

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma presenting with mediastinal eggshell calcification.

Visceral leishmaniasis in an infant following a holiday trip to Spain.

Erectile dysfunction: a window to the heart.

Intestinal malrotation and acute left side appendicitis: an indication for laparoscopic exploration.

Ipsilateral supracondylar humerus fracture and Monteggia lesion with a 5-year follow-up: a rare injury in a young girl.

Sino-nasal mucosal malignant melanoma.

Dangerous misalignment of tracheostomy tube in a dystonic patient.

Cardiac tamponade as presenting symptom of tuberculosis.

A giant prolactinoma with nasopharyngeal extension presenting with nasal blockage and epistaxis.

Steroid unresponsive anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis during pregnancy successfully treated with plasmapheresis.

Life-threatening opioid toxicity from a fentanyl patch applied to eczematous skin.

Emergency reversal of dabigatran for emergency surgery.

Endoscopic pedicled nasoseptal flap repair of spontaneous sphenoid sinus cerebrospinal fluid leaks.

A suprasellar arachnoid cyst resulting from an intraventricular haemorrhage and showing complete resolution following endoscopic fenestration.

Successful treatment of ulcerative bronchiolitis in a woman with refractory Mycobacterium intracellulare infection.

An object missed 10â years before.

MRI features of a quadriceps tendon rupture.

Gallbladder perforation and massive intra-abdominal haemorrhage complicating acute cholecystitis in a patient with haemophilia A.

West Nile virus-associated acute flaccid paralysis.

Four tumours including neuroendocrine tumour of the ileum.

Laryngeal verruca vulgaris.

Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis induced by 5-aminosalicylate in an ulcerative colitis patient: a rare but serious adverse event.

Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma invading the sigmoid colon: a rare presentation.

Primary mediastinal (thymic) B-cell lymphoma presenting as cutaneous vasculitis.

Rare adverse effect of a common drug: nitrofurantoin-induced ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Corking the WEB and coiling through a jailed microcatheter: WEB assisted coiling, a useful technique avoiding the use of stents in treating wide-necked large intracranial aneurysms.

Breathlessness in a drug user.

The tooth, the whole tooth: an unusual fight bite with an unnoticed embedded tooth in the hand.

5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity: reversible left ventricular systolic dysfunction with early detection.

A mass more ordinary.

Isolated tuberculosis of scaphoid in the skeletally immature: a rare cause of chronic wrist pain.

Loperamide dependence and abuse.

Laser arytenoidectomy and posterior cordotomy in a patient with bilateral vocal cord paralysis due to multiple system atrophy.

Hepatic portal venous gas and portal venous thrombosis following colonoscopy in a patient with terminal ileal Crohn's disease.

Spotted bone disease.

Paraneoplastic encephalopathy: an unusual presenting feature of bladder cancer metastasis.

Chest pain in the recovery room, following topical intranasal cocaine solution use.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the psoas muscle.

Multidrug-resistant Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis presenting as multiple muscle abscesses.

Coma query cause.

A SCUBA diver with acute kidney injury.

Follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: an unusual cause of thyrotoxicosis.

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: an unusual presentation in an immunocompetent patient.

Progressive outer retinal necrosis: manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Fluoxymesterone-induced gynaecomastia in a patient with childhood aplastic anaemia.

Headache in a young woman: leptomeningeal metastasis as the first presentation of underlying breast malignancy.

Recurrent right iliac fossa pain in patients with previous appendicectomy.

Pseudoseptic arthritis resulting in joint destruction.

A pneumonia leading to blindness.

A mitotic cause of Whipple's triad: non-islet cell tumour hypoglycaemia in incurable low-grade malignancy.

Ruptured distal AICA pseudoaneurysm presenting years after vestibular schwannoma resection and radiation.

The iatrogenic caecal polyp: can it be avoided?

Serotonin syndrome in a breast-fed neonate.

A novel psychoactive substance poses a new challenge in the management of paranoid schizophrenia.

An uncommon presentation of EBV-driven HLH. Primary or secondary? An ongoing dilemma.

Fenestration of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery in a patient with a concomitant intracranial arteriovenous malformation.

Neonatal lingual choristoma with thyroid hemiagenesis.

Painful ophthalmoplaegia secondary to orbital myositis.

Acute liver injury associated with a newer formulation of the herbal weight loss Supplementary Hydroxycut.

An interesting case of intrathyroidal parathyroid adenoma.

Cerebral fat emboli syndrome: do not miss the transcranial Doppler findings.

Hunter syndrome with its typical heart: a close mimic to rheumatic heart.

Movement disorders in systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome--a video presentation.

Fluoroscopy-guided thrombolysis of mechanical mitral valve thrombosis in a young female with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.

Implant site Nexplanon reaction?

Forehead necrosis, one of the many facades of giant cell arteritis.

A middle-aged man presenting with unexplained mucosal erosions and progressive dyspnoea.

Multivalvular infective endocarditis in pregnancy presenting with septic pulmonary emboli.

Anomalous left anterior descending artery: an uncommon cause of ST elevation myocardial infarction.

An unusual case of rapid radiological progression of bullous emphysema secondary to severe 1-antitrypsin deficiency.

Propofol extravasation: a rare cause of compartment syndrome.

Thinking outside the box: a middle-aged man with new-onset dyspnoea on exertion and pedal oedema.

A rare cause of aspiration pneumonia.

Use of the Impella 2.5 left ventricular assist device in a patient with cardiogenic shock secondary to takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

Superdominant left-circumflex artery Supplementary significant proportion of RCA and LAD territory.

Piperacillin/tazobactam-induced myoclonic jerks in a man with chronic renal failure.

Trepopnoea due to aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta compressing the heart: an unusual occurrence.

Polyradiculopathy secondary to severe hypertriglyceridemia.

Rheumatoid lung.

Detection of alkaptonuria in a 1-week-old infant.

Biotinidase deficiency mimicking primary immune deficiencies.

Wearable technology: using Google Glass as a teaching tool.

Emergency surgery for intestinal obstruction revealing ileal Crohn's disease (CD) during pregnancy.

Non-puerperal uterine inversion in a patient with intracranial sigmoid sinus thrombosis and facial palsy.

Calcium maelstrom: recalcitrant hypocalcaemia following rapid correction of thyrotoxicosis, exacerbated by pregnancy.

Preservation of fertility in non-Peutz-Jegher syndrome-associated ovarian sex cord tumour with annular tubules.

Lessons from two cases: is Fabry disease the correct diagnosis?

Intermediate uveitis: an unusual presentation of cytomegalovirus intraocular infection in an immunocompetent patient.

High-flow priapism following perineal trauma in a child.

Successful treatment of a patient with severe atopic dermatitis and severe asthma by centrifugal therapeutic plasma exchange.

Pagetoid polyostotic fibrous dysplasia.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage then thrombosis of posterior inferior cerebellar artery dissection: is early surgical exploration warranted?

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma causing acute liver failure: a rare case of survival.

Intrahepatic bile duct dilation and gallbladder hydrops due to a cystic duct stenosis in a 2-month-old boy.

Severe acute pancreatitis after EUS-FNA of a pancreatic cyst: a rare, but serious complication.

A large mesenteric paraganglioma with lymphovascular invasion.

More than a headache: a case of cetuximab-induced aseptic meningitis.

Giant hydatid cyst of the pelvis, femur and retroperitoneal space: surgical treatment with extended hemipelvectomy.

Unusual complication and mechanical murmur following mitral valve clip insertion in a patient with a CRT-D.

The difficulty in diagnosing X linked adrenoleucodystrophy and the importance of identifying cerebral involvement.

Atrial myxoma: a rare but well-described cause of increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and anaemia.

A perianal presentation of myeloid sarcoma.

Postoperative cystoid macular oedema in a patient on fingolimod.

Echocardiographic images of organised pericardial thrombus in type A aortic dissection.

An unusual presentation of cardiac tamponade associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection.

Acute STEMI in the setting of a single coronary artery anomaly.

Bleeding from a gut lesion as a cause of seizure.

No medicine is sometimes the best medicine.

Trans-radial approach for coronary angiography in an adult postoperative patient with tetralogy of Fallot with complex anatomy.

Aceruloplasminaemia: a rare but important cause of iron overload.

Obstructed kidney and sepsis secondary to urethral catheter misplacement into the distal ureter.

Mesenterial involvement of Mycobacterium genavense infection: hard to find, hard to treat.

Unexpected rare complication of the facial paralysis in a patient with an antrochoanal polyp following canine fossa puncture.

Sirenomelia type VI (sympus apus) in one of dizygotic twins at Chiang Mai University Hospital.

IgA-dominant postinfectious glomerulonephritis induced by methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.

Laparoscopic retrieval of an intra-abdominal air gun pellet.

Fulminant crural compartment syndrome preceded by psychogenic polydipsia.

Pitfalls in the diagnostic evaluation of subacute combined degeneration.

Broadening the scope of thoracic oncological intervention: a novel minimally invasive method for the diagnosis of primary cardiac lymphoma.

Schwannoma of the sigmoid colon.

Abnormal excessive per vagina (PV) bleeding on Esmya-selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM) in a symptomatic patient with uterine fibroid.

Tocilizumab for refractory organising pneumonia associated with Sjögren's disease.

Glomus tumour: a rare differential for subungual lesions.

Hunter syndrome with late age of presentation: clinical description of a case and review of the literature.

Quetiapine-induced hypertriglyceridaemia causing acute pancreatitis.

Occipital condyle fracture in a patient with occipitalisation of the atlas.

Severe vitamin B12 deficiency in a 15-year-old boy: presentation with haemolysis and pancytopenia.

Luftsichel sign and juxtaphrenic peak sign.

Uncommon variants of left circumflex coronary artery (LCX): evaluation with 256-slice dual source CT coronary angiography.

Spontaneous rupture of a congenital diaphragmatic eventration in an infant.

A lotus root-like appearance in carotid stenosis on optical coherence tomography.

A preterm neonate with seizures unresponsive to conventional treatment.

Well-described concertina effect during coronary angioplasty.

Tricuspid valve tissue in the left ventricular outflow tract following ventricular septal defect repair.

Can we change a genetically determined future?

Reversible transverse sinus collapse in a patient with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Successful use of Rituximab in a patient with recalcitrant multisystemic eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Left-sided transmesocolic herniation of small bowel in an otherwise unaffected abdomen.

Simultaneous dislocation of both interphalangeal joints in the middle finger.

Learning the hard way: when a CT scan misleads your diagnosis.

Importance of repeat angiography in the diagnosis of iatrogenic anterior cerebral artery territory pseudoaneurysm following endoscopic sinus surgery.

Metachronous multicentric giant cell tumour in a young woman.

Non-elevation of TSH after total thyroidectomy: a surgical surprise.

Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome.

Thyrotoxicosis: an under-recognised aetiology.

Combined acromioclavicular joint dislocation and coracoid avulsion in an adult.

Management of pregnancy after augmentation cystoplasty.

Breast cancer in male-to-female (MtF) transgender patients: is hormone receptor negativity a feature?

Fishbone-induced perforated appendicitis.

Psoas muscle pyogenic abscess in association with infected hip arthroplasty: a rare case of simultaneous bilateral presentation.

Radial shaft stress fracture after internal fixation using a titanium plate.

Unilateral testicular metastasis of low PSA level prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Fresh arterial homograft for bypass in critical limb ischaemia with infection.

Migrating foreign bodies in the upper aerodigestive tract: a surgical challenge.

Drug-induced hemichorea.

Bilateral subdural hygromas following administration of intrathecal methotrexate chemotherapy.

Giant pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia presenting in the breast of a prepubertal child.

Neonatal suppurative sialadenitis: an important clinical diagnosis.

Airway foreign body aspiration: common, yet easily overlooked! Two interesting cases.

Sinus thrombectomy for purulent cerebral venous sinus thrombosis utilizing a novel combination of the Trevo stent retriever and the Penumbra ACE aspiration catheter: the stent anchor with mobile aspiration technique.

Dens invaginatus in a geminated maxillary lateral incisor.

Episodic headache due to ruptured intracranial dermoid cyst.

Living kidney donation following nephrectomy due to pelviureteric junction obstruction.

An unexpected headache: pituitary apoplexy in a pregnant woman on anticoagulation.

Not paraneoplastic pemphigus but pemphigus vulgaris in a patient with thymoma.

Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography findings of peripapillary staphyloma.

Late miscarriage caused by Serratia marcescens: a rare but dire disease in pregnancy.

Uncrossed epileptic seizures in Joubert syndrome.

Autoantibody-associated congenital heart block: a rare cause of persistent fetal bradycardia.

Acute myocardial infarction due to simultaneous occlusions of the left anterior descending artery and right coronary artery.

Amniotic membrane graft to reconstruct divided nevi of eyelids.

Malignant systemic hypertension, encephalopathy and bradycardia following splenectomy for hereditary spherocytosis.

Acute liver failure in dengue haemorrhagic fever.

Carcinoma of the cervix complicating a genital prolapse.

Electroconvulsive therapy: a life course approach for recurrent depressive disorder.

Glucocorticoid-induced myopathy in the intensive care unit.

When treatment can be worse than the disease: nicorandil-induced colitis.

Molecular detection of Schizophyllum commune in a case of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis.

Simplified technique for retrieval of large trichobezoars in children.

Golden ring in the eyes: Weill-Marchesani syndrome.

Transarterial catheter embolisation for an unusual cause of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

Two cases with HSS/DRESS syndrome developing after prosthetic joint surgery: does vancomycin-laden bone cement play a role in this syndrome?

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy in typical retinitis pigmentosa.

Hypertrophic pachymeningitis with sarcoidosis: a rare cause of craniocervical compression.

ECG artefacts mimicking atrial flutter in posterior fossa surgery.

Severe hyponatraemia with absence of hyperkalaemia in rapidly progressive Addison's disease.

Rowell's syndrome induced by terbinafine.

Systemic aspergilloma post aortic root surgery following coronary artery stenting: diagnostic and management dilemma.

Muscle paralysis in thyrotoxicosis.

Adynamic ileus and diarrhoea: a rare adverse effect of antidepressants.

Flow diversion in vasculitic intracranial aneurysms? Repair of giant complex cavernous carotid aneurysm in polyarteritis nodosa using Pipeline embolization devices: first reported case.

AML transformation after autologous stem cell transplant for multiple myeloma.

Surgical repair of a giant idiopathic macular hole by inverted internal limiting membrane flap.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumour in a recipient with kidney transplantation.

Leucocytosis in clozapine-treated patients as predictor of loss of treatment response?

Halogravity traction in the preoperative treatment of scoliosis in twins with Marfan syndrome.

Cervical dermatomal zona misdiagnosed as ulnar nerve entrapment.

Dental management of Rothmund-Thomson syndrome with partial anodontia.

Success of a sustained pharmaceutical care service with electronic adherence monitoring in patient with diabetes over 12 months.

Targeted epidural patch with n-butyl cyanoacrylate (n-BCA) through a single catheter access site for treatment of a cerebral spinal fluid leak causing spontaneous intracranial hypotension.

First report of Nocardia fusca isolated in humans.

Primary herpes simplex virus infection mimicking cervical cancer.

Mild encephalopathy with reversible splenial lesion in a patient with influenza A infection--first report in an adult patient in the USA.

Clonidine withdrawal induced sympathetic surge.

Acute cervical artery dissection after a dental procedure due to a second inferior molar infection.

Oscillococcinum leading to angioedema, a rare adverse event.

Eye injuries in the extreme environment ultra-marathon runner.

A rare presentation of complication arising from Meckel's diverticulum in the form of diverticulotransverse colonic fistula in an adult.

Can maintenance trastuzumab be stopped in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer?

Catheter ablation targeting Purkinje potentials controlled ventricular fibrillation in a patient with a malignant lymphoma occurring in the ventricular septum.

A chemical mixer with dark-green nails.

Successful treatment of a giant pediatric fusiform basilar trunk aneurysm with surpass flow diverter.

Paediatric splenic and rectovesical pouch abscesses caused by Eggerthella lenta.

Chronic enterococcal spinal implant infection 6 years after instrumentation of a severe scoliosis in a 22-year-old woman.

A diagnostic challenge: pyogenic granuloma or oral focal mucinosis.

Unilateral congenital buphthalmos.

Transient osteoporosis of the hip in a non-pregnant woman.

Thoracic outlet syndrome secondary to a mid-clavicle malunion.

Unusual association of keratoconus with situs inversus and micronystagmus.

Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma.

Lupus or syphilis? That is the question!

Presumed latent ocular tuberculosis diagnosed with the positive quantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Test in a HLA-A29-positive patient.

Peripheral ameloblastoma of gingiva with cytokeratin 19 analysis.

Macrofocal multiple myeloma with frontal plasmacytoma.

Ileal duplication: an unusual cause of intestinal obstruction in adult life.

The devastating effects a fire burn in a child.

Urinary incontinence following transurethral prostatectomy presenting as self inflicted penile gangrene.

Ascites and other incidental findings revealing undiagnosed systemic rheumatoid arthritis.

Spontaneous rupture of unscarred uterus in a primigravida with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes.

When is pneumonia not pneumonia?

Soft tissue releases, bone preservation and patient outcome following revision of the oldest total knee replacement.

Delayed postpartum abdominal bleeding caused by a spontaneous ruptured branch of the internal iliac artery and successfully treated by arterial embolisation.

Ancillary role of vitamin C in pink aesthetics.

Characteristics of 22q 11.2 deletion syndrome undiagnosed until adulthood: an example suggesting the importance of psychiatric manifestations.

Recurrent osteomyelitis of the mandible in osteopetrosis: a common complication of an uncommon disease.

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the maxilla.

Frosted branch angiitis in one eye and impending CRVO in the other: a diagnostic dilemma.

Branch portal vein pyaemia secondary to amoebic liver abscess.

Lamotrigine-induced Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS).

A 22-year-old male patient with ascites.

Intracardiac extension of uterine leiomyomatosis.

A novel route of revascularization in basilar artery occlusion and review of the literature.

Subchondral insufficiency fracture of the knee: a non-traumatic injury with prolonged recovery time.

Isolated acute sphenoid sinusitis presenting with hemicranial headache and ipsilateral abducens nerve palsy.

Circle of Willis: as seen during endoscopic fenestration of a suprasellar arachnoid cyst.

Significance of an isolated new right bundle branch block in a patient with chest pain.

Clinical and molecular characterisation of two siblings with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, from the Colombian Pacific coast (South America).

Management of necrotising appendicitis associated with widespread necrotising enterocolitis of the small and large bowel and perforated duodenal ulcer.

A hairy situation.

Successful application of venoarterial-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the reversal of severe cardiorespiratory failure.

Inflammation of actinic keratoses during paclitaxel chemotherapy.

Necrotising pyomyositis complicating intramuscular antipsychotic administration.

Concomitant occurrence of fusion and eagle's talon in a single patient.

Lifestyle changes of a family caring for a 25-year-old quadriplegic man after delayed spinal cord infarction.

Left-sided inferior vena cava.

Bilateral atherosclerotic internal carotid artery occlusion and recurrent ischaemic stroke.

Drug-resistant vasospastic angina pectoris with plaque erosion in the focal spastic lesion confirmed with coronary angioscopy.

Pericardial mass in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.

Diaphragmatic herniation due to massive hepatomegaly in a patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Acute calcific periarthiritis of the knee presenting with calcification within the lateral collateral ligament.

Bronchial-oesophageal fistula: a rare initial presentation of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.

Group B streptococcal neonatal parotitis.

Just another abdominal pain? Psoas abscess-like metastasis in large cell lung cancer with adrenal insufficiency.

Brachial artery pseudoaneurysm arising from the stump of a ligated arteriovenous fistula.

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a patient with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

A rare case of intranasal vascular leiomyoma.

Parapelvic solitary neurofibroma of the kidney.

Camphor: an herbal medicine causing grand mal seizures.

Anterior segment optical coherence tomography of intrastromal corneal donor lenticule for recurrent intrastromal epithelial inclusion cyst in a corneal graft.

Leg ulcer as a manifestation of eosinophilic vasculitis in a patient with hepatitis C virus infection, medicated with pegylated interferon/ribavirin.

Juvenile obsessive compulsive disorder in a paediatric dentistry set-up.

Chronic cholecystitis with Cystoisospora belli in an immunocompetent patient.

A rare injury to a rear seat passenger: bilateral fracture dislocation of the shoulders.

Musical-grade tuning forks for emergent audiometric screening.

GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay as initial test for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis.

Spontaneous regression of interdigitating dendritic sarcoma in a patient with concurrent small lymphocytic lymphoma.

Phenytoin as an effective treatment for polymorphic ventricular tachycardia due to QT prolongation in a patient with multiple drug intolerances.

A case of panic to pulmonary embolism.

A pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm.

Hypertension induced by liquorice tea.

A challenging differential diagnosis of optic neuropathy in ED: CSD.

Dissecting the unspeakable: a fatal case of aortic dissection.

Superior vena cava syndrome due to mediastinal adenomatous goitre.

Neurological adverse effects of methylphenidate may be misdiagnosed as meningoencephalitis.

Unusual breast cancer metastasis.

Sialolipoma of the parotid gland: a rare entity.

Customised simple limbal epithelial transplantation for recurrent limbal stem cell deficiency.

Pelvic masses in a 13-year-old girl--a (not so) rare diagnosis.

A trekker in Nepal with painful skin blisters.

Neuro-Behçet's disease mimicking a cranial tumour.

Unusual complication and mechanical murmur following mitral valve clip insertion in a patient with a CRT-D:Correction.

Alcohol use disorder due to social isolation after a nuclear disaster in Fukushima.

Squamous cell carcinoma of unknown origin metastasising to the right atrium causing acute heart failure.

Cervicofacial subcutaneous emphysema in a 4-year-old boy.

Radiological features of tension pneumoperitoneum.

Bimodal assessment to facilitate accurate mediastinal repositioning following pneumonectomy.

ß-lactam-associated eosinophilic colitis.

Takayasu's or tuberculous arteritis?

Kidney transplantation in an adult patient with VACTERL association.

Stroke and patent foramen ovale: intervene or wait.

Broncholithiasis presenting as bronchiectasis and recurrent pneumonias.

Covered stents for exclusion of iatrogenic common carotid artery-internal jugular vein fistula and brachiocephalic artery pseudoaneurysm.

An 11-year-old boy with silico-tuberculosis attributable to secondary exposure to sandstone mining in central India.

Successful living donor liver transplantation of fulminant liver failure due to isoniazid prophylaxis.

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and isotretinoin in cystic acne.

Bony non-union in a patient receiving androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer.

From a fish tank injury to hospital haemodialysis: the serious consequences of drug interactions.

Incomplete peripheral facial nerve palsy and ulnar neuropathy due to leprosy mistaken as faciobrachial stroke.

Post-transfusion breathlessness in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia.

Entrapment of the brachial artery following supracondylar fracture reduction.

Postpartum onset and subsequent relapse of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Bowhunter's syndrome.

Multiple parasitic infections in a cardiac transplant recipient.

Burst abdomen: an unusual complication of silicosis in pregnancy.

A rapidly growing vulvar condyloma acuminatum in a young patient.

Cerebral vascular findings in PAPA syndrome: cerebral arterial vasculopathy or vasculitis and a posterior cerebral artery dissecting aneurysm.

Transvenous sclerotherapy of a large symptomatic orbital venous varix using a microcatheter balloon and bleomycin.

A 37-year-old woman with refractory coeliac disease type II disease treated by stem cell transplantation.

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the bladder with intravesical cervical invasion.

A case of lower leg skin rash and severe arthralgia.

Giant Brunner's gland hamartoma!

Reporting a novel variant of type VI dual left anterior descending artery: a rare coronary anomaly.

An unusual cause of febrile hepatitis.

Extensive gluteal haematoma after an intracapsular hip fracture in a patient on warfarin.

Fulminant amoebic enteritis that developed in the perinatal period.

Paediatric feather duvet hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Neuroborreliosis: the Guillain-Barré mimicker.

Giant cell tumour--a very rare differential for a lytic lesion of the medial condyle of the humerous.

Hodgkin's lymphoma in an adolescent previously treated with surgical resection of third ventricular juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma.

A rare case of subcapsular liver haematoma following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Nodular trachea: tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica.

Hemosuccus pancreaticus: a rare complication of chronic pancreatitis.

Osteolipoma of floor of the mouth.

Spontaneous sphenopalatine pseudoaneurysm: recurrent epistaxis in a patient with cryptogenic vasculopathy.

A rare giant tubercle of Zuckerkandl with retrosternal extension encountered during total thyroidectomy.

Xanthogranulomatous oophoritis mimicking malignancy: a diagnostic dilemma.

Gynaecomastia: an unusual presenting symptom of bladder cancer.

Intravenous immunoglobulin for antibody-mediated keratolimbal allograft rejection.

Getting a handle on complicated migraine.

Vasotropic light-chain amyloidosis and ischaemic cholangiopathy.

Silent broken heart (Can shortness of breath be the only presentation of myocardial infarction?).

Reset osmostat: a rare cause of hyponatraemia.

Subdural empyema and unilateral pansinusitis due to a tooth infection.

Is this still just sarcoidosis, or should we a-DRESS a different diagnosis?

Spontaneous gallbladder perforation in a patient of situs inversus totalis, misdiagnosed as perforation peritonitis due to gas under the right dome of the diaphragm.

Down syndrome, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and hyperthyroidism: a rare association.

Left gastric artery aneurysm in Marfan syndrome: a unique case.

Cauda equina syndrome caused by a spontaneous spinal haematoma.

Diffuse cholangiocarcinoma presenting with hepatic failure and extensive portal and mesenteric vein thrombosis.

Endogenous endophthalmitis secondary to erysipelas.

Initial experience of coiling cerebral aneurysms using the new Comaneci device.

Reactivation of chronic hepatitis B during treatment with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: drug interactions or low adherence?

Bilateral big-bubble deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty for vascularised corneal opacity in a patient with xeroderma pigmentosum.

Malignant mixed Mullerian tumour of uterus secondary to tamoxifen therapy for hormone responsive breast cancer.

Refractory hypocalcaemia complicating metastatic prostatic carcinoma.

Intrapleural cisplatin for management of malignant pleural effusion in a patient with plasma cell leucaemia.

A slow progressor HIV-infected boy developing quadriplegia with evidence of Epstein-Barr virus associated smooth muscle tumour of the cervical spinal cord.

Leptomeningeal metastases in pineoblastoma.

An unusual case of invasive aspergillosis in an immunocompetent individual.

'Pitted' to 'Pleasing' in 20 min.

Unilateral nevoid acanthosis nigricans.

Sudden cardiac arrest in a healthy young athlete.

Benign mixed tumour of the breast and breast skin, two cases with diagnostic difficulties.

Slipping with the waste (a wheelie bin hand injury).

A rare presentation of Legionnaires' disease.

Rheumatoid meningitis: a rare complication of rheumatoid arthritis.

Abulia following an episode of cardiac arrest.

Complex congenital heart disease in a complicated and precious pregnancy.

Catastrophic chest pain: blinded by cardiopulmonary disease.

Hepatitis C and leptospirosis: simultaneous acute infections or recurrence of occult hepatitis C.

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, an unusual association with persistent lateral marginal vein of Servelle: colour Doppler and 256 dual-source MDCT evaluation.

Acute on chronic liver failure in a patient with sickle cell anaemia (HbSS).

Segmental arterial mediolysis: a rare non-inflammatory cause of mesenteric bleeding.

Medical management of suspected Paecilomyces sp. deep keratitis.

Necrotising Candida oesophagitis after thoracic radiotherapy: significance of oesophageal wall oedema on CT.

Streptococcus gallolyticus: a single bacteria, two different conditions.

Use of expiratory CT images in the diagnosis and localisation of airway complications following lung transplantation.

Pontine abscess with initial treatment failure following infectious endocarditis with Streptococcus salivarius.

An adolescent with hereditary spherocytosis who presented with splenic infarction.

Postnatal acute renal failure after fetal exposure to angiotensin receptor blockers.

Association of coronary to left ventricular microfistulae (vessels of Wearn) with atrial septal defect in an adult without cyanotic heart disease.

Floppy eyelid syndrome.

Hypertrophic olivary degeneration secondary to traumatic brain injury: a unique form of trans-synaptic degeneration.

Crystals seen on CSF microscopy in a case of suspected subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Status postpneumonectomy for pulmonary artery sarcoma.

Intercostal neuralgia as a symptom of an osteoblastoma in thoracic spine.

Warfarin-related recurrent knee haemarthrosis treated with arterial embolisation and intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid.

Giant acrochordon of the axilla.

Pneumomediastinum and pneumoperitoneum caused by tracheostomy displacement.

Lung herniation in the implantable cardioverter defibrillator pocket.

An unusual pharyngeal mass.

A cardiac haemangioma: the contribution of myocardial contrast echocardiography in the diagnosis.

Double jeopardy: two major complications of a myocardial infarction in one patient.

Double frenum weds fusion: a rare wedlock?

Optical coherence tomography imaging of the optic nerve head pre optic and post optic nerve sheath fenestration.

Individualised dual antiplatelet therapy in a patient with short bowel syndrome after acute myocardial infarction with coronary artery stenting.

Gastritis as a manifestation of primary CMV infection in an immunocompetent host.

Postpartum vertebral artery dissection with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.

Eosinophilic pneumonia presenting as life-threatening ARDS.

Juvenile allergic urethritis with urethro-ejaculatory reflux presenting as acute intermittent bilateral testicular torsion.

Wireless capsule endoscopy as a tool in diagnosing autoimmune enteropathy.

A case of neurosarcoidosis secondary to treatment of etanercept and review of the literature.

A 79-year-old-man with a 'niveau' on a chest radiograph.

Co-occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis and sarcoidosis.

BRCA 1/2 gene mutation and gastrointestinal stromal tumours: a potential association.

Femoral-facial syndrome in an infant of a diabetic mother.

Transverse myelitis caused by hepatitis E: previously undescribed in adults.

Chyluria: a scourge of our region.

A novel surgical approach for treatment of sigmoid gallstone ileus.

Molten metal ocular burn: long-term outcome using simple limbal epithelial transplantation.

Vertebral-venous fistula: an unusual cause for ocular symptoms mimicking a carotid cavernous fistula.

Acute ischemic stroke in a child due to basilar artery occlusion treated successfully with a stent retriever.

Spontaneous thrombosis of a basilar tip aneurysm after ventriculoperitoneal shunting.

Acute necrotising pancreatitis derived from low-dose corticosteroid use: an important reminder of clinical management.

Oesophageal lesions as first manifestation of necrotising sarcoid granulomatosis.

Novel surgical management of a laryngeal granular cell tumour.

A multidisciplinary approach to an unusual cause of hyperamylasaemia.

Dramatic change in a young woman's perception of her diabetes and remarkable reduction in HbA1c after an individual course of Guided Self-Determination.

Diagnosis of button battery ingestion by 'halo' radiographic sign: an exception to the rule.

An atypical presentation of a typical pulmonary pathogen in an immunosuppressed patient.

Thrombotic popliteal block following simultaneous bi-cruciate single-stage arthroscopic reconstruction in a neglected multiligamentous knee injury in a smoker.

Pilonidal sinus involving the nasal bridge: a rare manifestation.

Primary colonic adenocarcinoma diagnosed with cutaneous shave biopsy.

Dysphagia, dysphonia and sore throat following cerebral infarction: an unexpected cause.

Clostridium difficile infection after ileostomy closure mimicking anastomotic leak.

An intracardial mass in a young Syrian refugee.

Maxillary fungal sinusitis secondary to extrusion of endodontic gutta percha points.

A severe case of vasoplegic shock following metformin overdose successfully treated with methylene blue as a last line therapy.

A mimic's imitator: a cavitary pneumonia in a myasthenic patient with history of tuberculosis.

Old complication, new presentation: a case of the spleen taking the bullet.

Isolated scaphoid fracture with palmar dislocation of the proximal fragment.

Adult-onset Still's disease in a Nigerian woman.

Peeling skin syndrome.

Thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma: diagnostic and management considerations in a 15-year-old with a large submental mass.

Chronic subclinical perforation of a duodenal ulcer presenting with an abdominal abscess in a patient with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis.

Single colonic metastasis from breast cancer 11 years after mastectomy.

Facial asymmetry in crying newborn.

Spontaneous right-sided ureterocolic fistula: a rare complication of colonic diverticular disease.

Benign renal schwannoma: a rare entity.

Eccentric apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy unmasked by multimodality imaging: an uncommon but missed cause of out of hospital cardiac arrest.

Mycobacterial spindle cell pseudotumour of the brain in a patient with sarcoidosis.

Protrusio acetabuli: a rare cause of pulmonary embolus.

Late and multifocal presentations of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours following radiotherapy.

Immunosuppression and a serious opportunistic infection: an unfortunate price to pay.

Treatment resistant somatic delusions in bipolar disorder.

Novel use of 4D-CTA in imaging of intranidal aneurysms in an acutely ruptured arteriovenous malformation: is this the way forward?

Intussusception in an adult with cystic fibrosis successfully reduced with contrast enema.

Perinatal management of fetal supraventricular tachycardia complicated by maternal pertussis.

Novel use of videolaryngoscopy to remove a foreign body.

Liver perforation following foreign body ingestion: an important clinical lesson.

Acute haemorrhage secondary to arteriovenous haemodialysis fistula pseudoaneurysm--the challenge of restoring a deformed upper limb.

Pacemaker lead-associated thrombosis in cardiac resynchronisation therapy.

Prostatic adenocarcinoma presenting as isolated inguinal lymphadenopathy.

Aborted sudden cardiac death associated with an anomalous right coronary artery.

Late neonatal presentation of reduced arm movement due to painful infective lymphadenopathy.

Calcified meconium pseudocyst: X-ray diagnosis of meconium peritonitis at birth.

Isolated hepatosplenic tuberculosis: a rare presentation.

Ipilimumab-associated colitis or refractory Clostridium difficile infection?

Pulmonary aspergillosis presenting with recurrent haemoptysis.

A giant cyst of the wrist.

Vitamin D deficiency in a patient with HDR syndrome.

Aches, pains and headache: an unusual combination of hypothyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, cervical radiculopathy and cortical vein sinus thrombosis.

Simultaneous occurrence of Meckel's diverticulum and patent urachus.

Moxonidine for tramadol withdrawal symptoms during detoxification.

Cutaneous collagenous vasculopathy: a rare cause of generalised cutaneous telangiectasia.

Undetected supraventricular tachycardia causing congestive heart failure: a pitfall of remote monitoring system.

Urrets-Zavalia syndrome after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

Multiple whitish colonic sessile polyps in a patient with changes in bowel habit.

Refractory ventricular fibrillation managed by coronary revascularisation performed during ongoing manual cardiac resuscitation lasting 1½ h.

Multicystic dedifferentiated retroperitoneal liposarcoma: tumour cyst fluid analysis and implications for management.

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm following undiagnosed myocardial infarction: the curious case of the woman with three ventricles.

Severe neurological consequences of subclavian steal in the setting of cardiogenic shock.

Intermittent daytime mouthpiece ventilation successfully augments nocturnal non-invasive ventilation, controlling ventilatory failure and maintaining patient independence.

Sarcoidosis-related hypercalcaemia due to production of parathyroid hormone-related peptide.

c.1437G>A intron 9 substitution on acid -glucosidase gene associated with classic infantile-onset Pompe disease phenotype.

Isolated pancreatic cysticercal cyst presenting as a diagnostic challenge: diagnosis and treatment review.

Tuberculous 'lock jaw'.

Disseminated cysticercosis: whole body MRI.

Transarterial embolisation of a large focal nodular hyperplasia, using microspheres, in a paediatric patient.

MRI and MR spectroscopy findings of a case of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis affecting the corpus callosum.

Traumatic rupture of the brachialis muscle in a 52-year-old man.

Myocardial depression induced by severe sepsis: successful rescue using extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation from initial phase of severe sepsis.

Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita in a 17-year-old boy with Crohn's disease.

Resolution of ipilimumab induced severe hepatotoxicity with triple immunosuppressants therapy.

Rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury in dengue fever.

Jejunal diverticulum enterolith causing perforation and upper abdominal peritonitis.

Small bowel diaphragm disease mimicking malignancy.

An unexpected cause for right loin pain.

Trazodone in the elderly: risk of extrapyramidal acute events.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy following a rotational flap.

Preliminary experience with delayed non-operative therapy of multiple hand and wrist contractures in a woman with Freeman-Sheldon syndrome, at ages 24 and 28 years.

Late postoperative choroidal detachment following an uneventful cataract surgery in a patient on topical latanoprost.

Drug-induced myopathy in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Marjolin's ulcer: a rare entity with a call for early diagnosis.

Subcutaneous fat necrosis causing neonatal hypercalcaemia.

5-aminolevulinic acid guidance during awake craniotomy to maximise extent of safe resection of glioblastoma multiforme.

Renal malakoplakia mimicking a malignant renal carcinoma: a patient case with literature review.

PHACE syndrome misdiagnosed as a port-wine stain.

Pemphigus vegetans with coexistent herpes simplex infection and deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities.

Hypoparathyroidism in pregnancy.

Dislocation and dissociation of bipolar hip hemiarthroplasty.

Neonatal acute lymphocytic leukaemia: an unusual presentation of a rare disease.

Hyperleucocytosis following G-CSF treatment for sulfasalazine-induced agranulocytosis.

Concomitant abducens and facial nerve palsies following blunt head trauma associated with bone fracture.

Radiological foresight: a rare case of breast cancer metastases to the extraocular muscles.

Congenital cystic eye with optic nerve.

Unicuspid aortic valve presenting with cardiac arrest in an adolescent.

Bilateral patellar tendon-bearing Symes-type prostheses in a severe case of Freeman-Sheldon syndrome in a 21-year-old woman presenting with uncorrectable equinovarus.

Intussusception of the vermiform appendix.

Acute scaphoidectomy and four-corner fusion for the surgical treatment of trans-scaphoid perilunate fracture dislocation with pre-existing scaphoid non-union.

A trimodality approach in the management of metastatic low-grade epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the bone.

Sigmoid volvulus causing displacement of the liver and gastric outlet obstruction.

Harlequin phenomenon at birth: and she was born with a white stocking...

Recurrent presumed herpes simplex keratitis and episcleritis in keratosis follicularis (Darier's disease).

An unusual case of KBG syndrome with unique oral findings.

PAX5-expressing ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma with extensive extranodal and nodal involvement.

An adult with 3-M syndrome.

Double-bellied latissimus dorsi free flap to correct full dental smile palsy.

Delayed diagnosis of spindle cell sarcoma presenting as a large mass on the back.

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis and meningitis due to a rare infectious cause.

Treatment of wide-necked basilar tip aneurysm not amenable to Y-stenting using the PulseRider device.

Neurosurgical management of a large meningocele in Jarcho-Levin syndrome: clinical and radiological pearls.

Treatment of a dissecting vertebral artery aneurysm with angioplasty and the pipeline embolisation device.

Induced liver injury after high-dose methylprednisolone in a patient with multiple sclerosis.

Cutaneous Cryptococcus: marker for disseminated infection.

Perivascular spread of adenoid cystic carcinoma: a novel imaging sign.

Laser treatment of macular retinoschisis due to acquired optic nerve pit from glaucoma.

A case of De Garengeot hernia requiring early surgery.

Skull base injury with extensive pneumocephalus after transnasal endotracheal intubation.

Adenocarcinoma of the lung presenting with massive subcutaneous emphysema.

Toxic colonoscopy--how investigating active inflammatory bowel disease can lead to the serious complication of toxic megacolon.

An infectious cause of acute kidney injury with low serum potassium.

Acute spinal cord compression: a rare complication of dual antiplatelet therapy.

Maintaining sharp focus on a grainy film: miliary pattern in an elderly woman with acute respiratory failure.

Efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulins in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus presenting with Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Female anorectal malformation in a woman.

Conservative management of gastric emphysema with hepatoportal venous gas.

Levamisole-adulterated cocaine: a case of retiform purpura, cutaneous necrosis and neutropenia.

A hitherto unrecognised case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

Van der Knaap disease: a rare disease with atypical features.

Fungal endophthalmitis: an unusual complication of GI surgery and endoluminal vacuum therapy.

Progressive wheeze: atrial myxoma masquerading as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Colistin neurotoxicity: revisited.

Emphysematous cystitis-gas in bladder: a rare urological emergency.

Spontaneous multisystem deep venous thrombosis as an unusual presentation of Behçet's disease in a young Afro-Caribbean patient.

Soft tissue mass of the calf as the presenting symptom of primary carcinoma of the lung.

Leydig cell hyperplasia in the setting of Klinefelter syndrome.

Dual RCA: culprit or companion.

Raymond syndrome and conjugate gaze palsy from a paramedian pontine infarct.

A rare case of vulval pilonidal sinus: incidental diagnosis.

Fetal anaemia from red blood cell membrane defect and co-inherited haemoglobin Constant Spring.

Iliacus haematoma causing femoral nerve palsy: an unusual trampolining injury.

Mixed epithelial and stromal tumour of the kidney.

Plexiform angiomyxoid myofibroblastic tumour of the duodenum: a rare entity.

Necrotising pyomyositis complicating intramuscular antipsychotic administration:Correction.

Frontal sinus mucocoele: a rare cause of ptosis.

Unicuspid aortic valve presenting with cardiac arrest in an adolescent:Correction.

A rare cause of genital ulcer.

Cutaneous coccidioidomycosis: a great mimicker.

Rare manifestations of infective endocarditis: the long known, never to be forgotten diagnosis.

Onyx extrusion through the scalp after embolization of dural arteriovenous fistula.

Pulmonary infiltrate and painful nodular leg lesions in a patient with membranous glomerulonephritis.

Chikungunya fever presenting with acute optic neuropathy.

Systemic and venous thromboembolism: think about paradoxical embolism.

Synthetic cannabinoids as a cause for black carbonaceous bronchoalveolar lavage.

A drawing pin, drill bit, several staples and a magnet: definitely not a simple case of appendicitis.

Renal colic due to fatty tissue obstruction of the ureter following selective arterial embolisation of a 10 cm angiomyolipoma.

A novel approach to optimise glycaemic control in insulin users.

Iatrogenic magnesium toxicity following intravenous infusion of magnesium sulfate: risks and strategies for prevention.

Clinicopathological significance of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of lacrimal gland from an ex pleomorphic adenoma.

Patient with lung adenocarcinoma manifesting as an unusual migratory pulmonary infiltration.

Immune-mediated necrotising myopathy associated with antibodies to the signal recognition particle treated with a combination of rituximab and cyclophosphamide.

Brown tumours of the tibia and second metacarpal bone in a woman with severe vitamin D deficiency.

Disseminated tuberculosis in an HIV-infected child: rifampicin resistance detected by GeneXpert in a lymph node aspirate but not in cerebrospinal fluid.

Gastric pneumatosis in a small-for-gestational-age neonate.

Frontal lobotomy: a vanishing but important radiological finding.

Leiomyoma in the thumb causing trigger finger.

Two typical cases of pseudoankylosis of the jaw: same treatment, different outcome.

Masquerading optic neuritis.

Lingual thyroid: can we 'wait and see'?

Addison's disease in a patient with hypothyroidism: autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2.

An unusual cause of pancreatitis in a 46-year-old returning traveller.

Recurrent angioleiomyoma of the middle turbinate.

Ulcerated tophaceous gout.

Atypical cytomegalovirus retinitis in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Dermatological sequela of a car accident: acquired Port-wine stain (Fegeler syndrome).

Acute unilateral vision loss with optic disc oedema in retinitis pigmentosa.

Solitary osteochondroma of the trapezoid disguised as a tooth fragment.

An epibulbar chocolate cyst: a rare complication of silicone-based scleral buckle.

Severely calcified peritoneal metastases masquerading as retained barium on CT scan.

Hepatic portal venous gas complicating Bickerstaff's encephalitis with Guillain Barré overlap.

Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system.

Early acute ischaemic stroke in two patients with acute type B aortic dissection: an unusual complication.

Laparoscopic 'sleeve' caecectomy for idiopathic solitary caecal ulcer mimicking appendicitis.

Treatment of juvenile hallux valgus interphalangeus with a double compression headless bone screw.

Post-strabismus surgery aqueous misdirection syndrome.

An unusual presentation of herpes simplex encephalitis with negative PCR.

Photopsia revealing a retinocytoma.

Hand ischaemia after radial artery cannulation.

Mesothelial derived adenomatoid tumour in a location devoid of mesothelium: adrenal adenomatoid tumour.

Pheochromocytoma: clinical review based on a rare case in adolescence.

Intracerebral haemorrhage and hemiplegia with heterotopic ossification of the affected hip.

Successful treatment of a radial artery pseudoaneurysm in an octogenarian.

Early diagnosis of Canavan syndrome: how can we get there?

Recurrent major umbilical bleeding caused by omental varices in two patients with umbilical hernia and portal hypertension.

Foreign bodies in the abdomen: self-harm and personality disorders.

Multidisciplinary approach for management of a patient with fibrous dysplasia of maxilla.

An unusual case of abdominal sepsis following traumatic injury.

Much more than anxiety...

Primary intraocular synovial sarcoma in the post retinal detachment operative state.

Acute myeloid leukaemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22.3) and loss of the X chromosome.

Acute compartment syndrome of the thigh in a rugby player.

Hibernoma larynx with large multinodular goitre: unusual airway challenge.

Out, damned spot....

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in an adult with Kartagener syndrome.

Successful treatment of phlegmasia cerulea dolens in a nonagenarian patient with chronic iliac vein occlusion using a Cleaner thrombectomy device.

Occupationally acquired asbestosis in a healthcare worker.

Proximal femur giant solitary plasmacytoma of bone: lessons learnt.

Carcinoma in accessory axillary breast.

Left ventricular free wall perforation and left atrial dissection: unusual complication of radiofrequency catheter ablation for Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome.

Thrombolysis for stroke in pregnancy at 39 weeks gestation with a subsequent normal delivery.

Toxic shock syndrome post open reduction and Kirschner wire fixation of a humeral lateral condyle fracture.

Myositis ossificans of the quadriceps femoris in a soccer player.

Streptococcus gordonii prosthetic joint infection in the setting of vigorous dental flossing.

Use of steroids for management of varicella pneumonia.

Obstructive eosinophilic gastroenteritis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.

Treatment for tuberculosis in a patient with Dubin-Johnson syndrome.

Transient renal medullary hyperechogenicity in a term neonate.

Isolated hydatid cyst of the pancreas masquerading as pancreatic pseudocyst.

Orbital metastasis from prostate cancer.

Non-union of the great toe in a 4-year-old child.

An unusual cause of proptosis.

XDR TB presenting as a transphyseal lytic lesion in the proximal tibia.

Atrial septal defect and training-induced changes in loading conditions: clinical management and implications for competitive athletes.

Primary hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy leading to hypercalcaemic crisis and uraemic encephalopathy:Correction.

Spontaneous regression of intracranial aneurysm following remote ruptured aneurysm treatment with pipeline stent assisted coiling.

PHACE syndrome misdiagnosed as a port-wine stain:Correction.

Submandibular schwannoma: is excision a 'gold standard treatment'?

Milk-sensitive eosinophilic gastroenteritis in a 2-month-old boy.

Malignant cutaneous lesions.

Haemoperitoneum secondary to intrahepatic gallbladder perforation.

Xanthogranulomatous cystitis with malacoplakia, leading to spontaneous intraperitoneal perforation of the urinary bladder in a 9-year-old girl.

Right atrial myxoma mimicking tricuspid stenosis.

The woman without a history.

Varicella zoster virus infection is an unusual cause of splenic rupture.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: the management dilemma continues.

Idiopathic septic arthritis of a lumbar facet joint associated with paraspinal abscess.

Biliary duct hamartomas in polycystic liver disease.

Calcinosis universalis in adult-onset dermatomyositis.

Progressive back pain due to epidural hygroma: an infrequent complication of lumbar puncture in adults.

High-risk percutaneous coronary intervention in a patient with a single coronary artery presenting as STEMI and cardiogenic shock.

An atypical limping teenager.

Cornelia de Lange syndrome due to mosaic NIPBL mutation: antenatal presentation with sacrococcygeal teratoma.

Renal cell carcinoma presenting as an upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

A case of a slightly symptomatic exfoliative oesophagitis.

ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction with anomalous right coronary artery originating from the mid-left anterior descending artery.

Undiagnosed cardiac sarcoidosis presenting as complete heart block and ventricular arrhythmia.

Isolated CNS Whipple's disease: a diagnostic dilemma.

A rare case of bilateral chylothorax: a diagnostic challenge--follicular lymphoma versus primary effusion lymphoma.

Bilateral papilloedema in Camurati-Engelmann disease.

A masquerader? Paecilomyces must be distinguished from Penicillium in fungal keratitis: a report of two contrasting cases.

Enterobius granulomas as a cause of abdominal pain.

Cardiac devices with class 1C antiarrhythmics: a potentially toxic combination.

Candy crush: a confounding presentation of blood per rectum in a child.

Severe staphylococcal marginal keratitis presenting with hypopyon.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (Hamman's syndrome): a rare cause of postpartum chest pain.

Chronic myeloid leukaemia with extreme thrombocytosis.

A rare case of fever of unknown origin: subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL).

Malpositioned IUCD: the menace of postpartum IUCD insertion.

Coverage of denuded labial bone resulting from post space preparation with a free gingival autograft: lessons learnt.

Myxoma of the femur: an unusual site of origin.

Penile epidermal inclusion cyst: a rare location.

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: an arcane pathology of cavernous venous sinus.

Spinal epidural abscess and meningitis following short-term epidural catheterisation for postoperative analgaesia.

Partial malrotation of the bowel in an adult patient presenting with abdominal pain.

Hydatid disease of bone: a dangerous crippling disease.

Hepatic abscess as a paradoxical response to antituberculous chemotherapy for tubercular lymphadenitis.

An unusual case of sepsis? A rare presentation of a common disease.

Consequences of low birth weight, maternal illiteracy and poor access to medical care in rural India: infantile iatrogenic Cushing syndrome.

Glandular odontogenic cyst: a rare entity revealed and a review of the literature.

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome in twin brothers: an unusual occurrence with review of the literature.

Haemodynamic changes due to systemic arterial shunts in a destroyed lung mimicking pulmonary thromboembolism on CT.

Juxtacortical haemorrhage in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: 'The Cashew Nut Sign'.

An unusual cause of abdominal pain in a middle-aged man.

Medulloblastoma with myogenic differentiation: a rare medulloblastoma variant in a young child.

A Meckel's diverticulum presenting as pyogenic liver abscesses.

Treatment of post-traumatic carotid-cavernous fistulas using pipeline embolization device assistance.

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis: a rare skeletal disorder.

Sequential argon-YAG laser membranotomy of extensive persistent pupillary membrane with visual loss.

An atypical case of vasospastic angina: demonstrating the usefulness of Holter monitoring.

Lessons learnt from a case of multiple myeloma.

Seizure induced polytrauma; not just posterior dislocation of the shoulder.

Gossypiboma: a hidden passenger.

Diagnosis of an obturator hernia by CT.

Unusual cause of intussusception.

Idiopathic pseudoaneurysm: a rare cause of parotid mass.

Successful acute and late management of a chemical burn with primary implantation of Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis.

Fatal Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in a HIV-negative adult.

Nodular mucinosis misdiagnosed as non-responsive secondary syphilis.

Levamisole-contaminated cocaine: a hairy affair.

Malrotation of the gut harbouring midgut volvulus in an adult with situs inversus totalis: a clinical delay and treatment dilemma.

Cleidocranial dysostosis.

Colonic tumour presenting as discrete upper abdominal mass.

A light bulb moment: an unusual cause of foreign body aspiration in children.

Effusive-constrictive tuberculous pericarditis in the setting of penetrating abdominal trauma.

Pulmonary tumour thrombotic microangiopathy as a cause of new-onset pulmonary hypertension in a patient with metastatic low-grade serous ovarian cancer.

Efficacy and safety of once-monthly paliperidone palmitate long-acting injection in an elderly patient with schizophrenia.

Embolisation of vascular renal tumour: an effective step to reduce peri-operative bleeding.

The ominous side of a coronary fistula.

Calcific uraemic arteriolopathy.

Isolated brachiocephalic artery dissection presenting as acute stroke.

A case of atypical Bartonella henselae infection in a patient with methimazole-induced agranulocytosis.

Tamoxifen-associated portal vein thrombosis causing severe oesophageal variceal bleeding.

Retinal artery vasculitis secondary to administration of influenza vaccine.

Central retinal vein occlusion with cillioretinal artery occlusion in hyperhomocysteinemia.

Traumatic andropause after combat injury.

Polyomavirus nephropathy of the native kidney in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and pulmonary fibrosis.

Kallmann's syndrome: a visual vignette.

Functional movement disorder: a long journey to diagnosis.

Silent sinus syndrome: an underdiagnosed entity.

Novel presentation of a cricket ball-related intra-abdominal injury: genitofemoral nerve referred pain.

An unusual cause of fetomaternal distress at term: uterine vessel rupture in pregnancy.

Clival osteomyelitis and hypoglossal nerve palsy--rare complications of Lemierre's syndrome.

Successful immunoadsorption of life-threatening bleeding in factor VIII inhibitor disease, but no long-term remission with anti-CD20 treatment.

Oral polyp as the presenting feature of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome in a child.

Two siblings with fatal Chromobacterium violaceum sepsis linked to drinking water.

Adrenaline rush: an unusual presentation of phaeochromocytoma.

Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome with a novel mutation.

Ellis-van Creveld syndrome presenting in the second decade.

Large vocal cord polyp: an unusual cause of dyspnoea.

Oesophageal lymphangioma: an exceedingly rare tumour.

Reversible weakness and encephalopathy while on long-term valproate treatment due to carnitine deficiency.

Appendicitis following capsule endoscopy.

A newborn with massive intra-abdominal haemorrhage.

Uncovering what lies beneath a Salmonella enterica empyema.

Primary pancreatic hydatid cyst: an unexpected differential diagnosis.

Rapid and fatal acute heart failure induced by pazopanib.

Indocyanine green fluorescence-guided redo parathyroidectomy.

A perplexing rash.

When images lie: a variant of suprascapular artery found incidentally.

Transorbital impalement by a wooden stick in a 3-year-old child.

Orofacial granulomatosis: do not forget leishmaniasis.

A giant lipoma.

Extensive frontal grey matter volume reduction related to a possible sequelae of encephalitis.

Urbach-Wiethe syndrome.

Neuromyelitis optica and myasthenia gravis in a young Nigerian girl.

Successful early diagnosis and treatment in a case of Toxocara canis-induced eosinophilic myocarditis with eosinophil-rich pericardial effusion.

The painted shoes.

Primary bone metastasis as first manifestation of an unknown primary tumour.

Primary thymic extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma as an incidental finding in a Caucasian woman.

A fatal faecaloma stercoral colitis: a rare complication of chronic constipation.

A case of interstitial pneumonia, myocarditis and severe sepsis caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae.

Medically managed tubal ectopic pregnancy presenting as a peritoneal loose body.

Radiographic progression of septic arthritis of the hip.

Dural calcification and calvarial hyperostosis: a rare cause of obstructive hydrocephalus in 'malignant' osteopetrosis.

Asymptomatic prostatic tuberculous abscess in an immunocompetent 54-year-old man with peritoneal tuberculosis.

Stress hyperglycaemia as a result of a catecholamine producing tumour in an infant.

Cardiac MRI-confirmed mesalamine-induced myocarditis.

A case of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss from Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

Complete right cerebral hemispheric diffusion restriction and its follow-up in a case of Rasmussen's encephalitis.

Melanosis coli or ischaemic colitis? That is the question.

Unusual case of a surgically treated ACL tear in a 4-year-old patient.

Fatal relapsing tracheobronchial polychondritis diagnosed at autopsy.

Achromobacter causing a thrombophlebitis and osteomyelitis combination: a rare cause.

A hairy fall: syncope resulting from topical application of minoxidil.

Inflammatory fibroid polyp (IFP) of the terminal ileum presenting as acute intestinal obstruction without intussusception.

Palmoplantar lichen planus successfully treated with acitretin.

Collagenous enterocolitis manifesting as watery diarrhoea and iron-deficiency anaemia.

Occult craniocervical dysraphism and skin markers.

Postsplenectomy thrombocytosis with pseudohyperkalaemia.

OCT-guided management in a patient with anterior STEMI.

Isolated tuberculosis of tunica albuginea and tunica vaginalis presenting as acute hydrocoele: a diagnostic dilemma.

Renovascular hypertension: a case with atypical neurological signs.

Delayed relapse in pseudotumor cerebri due to new stenosis after transverse sinus stenting.

An unusual presentation of Guillain-Barré syndrome in a young man with bilateral upper extremity weakness.

Synchronous endometrioid endometrial and ovarian cancer in a 34-year-old woman.

Crizotinib-induced pancreatic pseudocyst: a novel adverse event.

One ball or two? An unusual cause of hip pain.

Hydropic leiomyoma of the uterus presenting as a giant abdominal mass.

A history of recurrent wheezing can delay the diagnosis of foreign body aspiration in a paediatric emergency department.

Cranial nerve palsies after shunting of an isolated fourth ventricle.

Splenic injury as a complication of colonoscopy: more common than we think?

IgA vasculitis (formerly Henoch-Schönlein purpura) in an adult with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Bradycardia in anorexia nervosa.

Cardiac metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Recurrent respiratory infections and unusual radiology: a woman with Kartagener's syndrome.

Cervical diverticulitis: a novel complication of a neonatal colonic interposition graft following oesophagectomy.

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in a patient with mantle cell lymphoma.

Palliative care conundrums in an Ebola treatment centre.

Acupuncture for episodic cluster headache: a trigeminal approach.

Delayed full-thickness macular hole closure without vitreomacular traction release following ocriplasmin injection.

Palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia.

Unusual intrabony transmigration of mandibular canine: case series (report of 4 cases).

Concurrent intracerebral and intramedullary spinal tuberculomas in an immunocompetent individual.

Dermatomyositis onset in the puerperium period.

Rheumatic heart disease.

A circumaortic left renal vein.

Solitary jejunal metastasis from renal cell carcinoma presenting as small bowel obstruction 19 years after nephrectomy.

Benign cystic mesothelioma of the peritoneum in a 12-year-old boy, diagnosed via telepathology.

Inhaled treprostinil via the Tyvaso Inhalation System through a tracheostomy.

Amoxicillin-associated rash in glandular fever.

Bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss in Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis.

Oesophageal stent-associated esophagorespiratory fistula.

An atypical case of chronic diarrhoea: olmesartan-induced sprue-like enteropathy.

Surgical stabilisation in a 13-year-old boy with traumatic flail chest.

Postnatal diagnosis of maternal congenital heart disease: missed opportunities.

Heroin overdose resuscitation with naloxone: patient uses own prescribed Supplementary to save the life of a peer.

Ascariasis of the pancreatic duct.

Abolished ventilation and perfusion of lung caused by blood clot in the left main bronchus: auto-downregulation of pulmonary arterial blood Supplementary

An atypical presentation of colonic malignancy: Clostridium septicum aortitis.

Ileostomy obstruction by ingested apricot stone with clinical-radiological-pathological correlation.

A unique case of gliomatosis peritonei in a man, following a retroperitoneal teratoma.

Dysphagia aortica: a rare cause of dysphagia.

Low-dose ofatumumab for rituximab-resistant nephrotic syndrome.

From past sailors' eras to the present day: scurvy as a surprising manifestation of an uncommon gastrointestinal disease.

Acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis in an immunocompromised young adult.

Unique case of pneumomediastinum due to penetrating injury to the mediastinum.

Rare presentation of orbital plasmablastic lymphoma with oral cavity involvement in an HIV-negative patient.

Colonic single-stripe sign.

Arteriovenous malformation of the uterus.

Life-threatening Q fever infection following exposure to kangaroos and wallabies.

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related infarcts imitating high-grade differentiation of a benign meningioma.

Unusual complication of colonoscopy.

Streptococcal pharyngitis: an uncommon cause of subdural empyema.

Osteochondroma of the clavicle causing Horner's syndrome.

Tibialis anterior muscle hernia: a rare differential of a soft tissue tumour.

An uncommon cause of portal hypertension.

Leukaemia cutis after starting bendamustine: cause or coincidence?

A Peruvian family with a high burden of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis.

Recreational nitrous oxide inhalation as a rare cause of spontaneous pneumomediastinum.

Sustained release oral morphine as an alternative to methadone for the treatment of opioid-use disorder post Torsades de Pointes cardiac arrest.

Unusual cause of maxillary sinus mass with proptosis.

Undiagnosed DiGeorge syndrome presenting in middle age with an aortic root aneurysm and chronic dissection.

Central serous chorioretinopathy after ocular trauma in the fellow eye during a water-polo game.

A rare case of congenital anomalous/aberrant systemic artery to pulmonary venous fistula in a 4-month-old child with co-existent mitral valve prolapse and mitral regurgitation.

Adrenal incidentaloma caused by extramedullary haematopoiesis: conservative management is optimal.

Generalised fibrotic gingival enlargement in a psoriatic patient: an association or a coincidence?

Bilateral cellulitis.

A case of acute septic arthritis hip caused by Brucella melitensis in an adolescent child.

IgG4-related inflammatory pseudotumour mimicking a hepatic abscess impending rupture.

Megalencephalic leucoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts: subcortical diffuse leucoencephalopathy associated with white matter cystic degeneration.

Simultaneous, bilateral fracture of the triquetral bone.

Herpes-associated erythema multiforme worsened by a Siddha drug, Alpinia galanga, in an 18-year-old man.

Acute dural venous thrombosis.

Disseminated neurocysticercosis: stars beyond the sky.

Medication-induced acute dystonic reaction: the challenge of diagnosing movement disorders in the intensive care unit.

Prosthetic mitral valve obstruction: role of real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography in diagnosis.

A case of ST elevation myocardial infarction immediately following OHT with a 28-year-old donor heart.

Syncope secondary to left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, an interesting presentation of infective endocarditis.

Concurrent presentation of appendicitis and acute cholecystitis: diagnosis of rare occurrence.

Cervical deciduosis imitating dysplasia.

Neurological symptoms from a brain metastasis as the first presentation of colorectal cancer.

Adolescent-onset Krabbe disease with an initial diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and a novel mutation.

Bilateral sacroiliitis and uveitis comorbidity: brucellosis? Ankylosing spondylitis?

7q11.23-q21.2 Microdeletion is associated with moderate structural brain abnormalities and global developmental delay: first report.

Unintentional baclofen intoxication in the management of alcohol use disorder.

Multiple aneurysms and Rosai-Dorfman disease: association or coincidence?

F18-FDG PET/CT in retroperitoneal desmoplastic small round blue cell tumour occurring in a patient with in situ breast carcinoma.

Chinese green tea and acute hepatitis: a rare yet recurring theme.

Spontaneous adrenal haemorrhage after catheter ablation of supraventricular tachycardia.

First use of bedaquiline in a patient with XDR-TB in Singapore.

Atypical measles syndrome in adults: still around.

Scrotal calcinosis: pathogenetic link with epidermal cyst.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumour metastatic to the epididymis.

A challenging case due to uncommon aberrancies.

Confidentiality issues in patients who have misinformed their families.

Macroglosia: amyloidosis misdiagnosed as angio-oedema.

Bilateral supernumerary primary teeth in the maxillary anterior region.

Carcinoma of the oesophagus, with multiple cutaneous metastases.

First and only symptom of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus: eruptive xanthoma.

Contrast encephalopathy after coiling in the setting of obstructive sleep apnoea.

Acute appendicitis within an obturator hernia.

Solitary spinal epidural cavernous haemangiomas as a rare cause of myelopathy.

A 58-year-old woman with hypoxia, hypoxaemia, a hole in the heart and a herring! Intracardiac or extracardiac shunt? That is the question!

Neurosyphilis presenting as parkinsonism.

Giant cell arteritis: a closer look at its ophthalmological manifestations.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in myasthaenia gravis crisis confirmed by cardiac MRI.

Ingested cylindrical batteries in an incarcerated male: a caustic tale!

Intussusception in gestational choriocarcinoma (not histologically proven), resolving spontaneously with chemotherapy.

Lens coloboma treated with lens surgery.

Pott's puffy tumour: a forgotten diagnosis.

Endoscopic closure of a refractory gastrocutaneous fistula using a novel over-the-scope Padlock clip following de-epithelialisation of the fistula tract.

ST segment elevation myocardial infarction of a rare aetiology: an unexpected diagnosis.

Combined laparoscopic-assisted nephrectomy and complete mesocolic excision for synchronous renal and colon cancers.

Upper gastrointestinal bleed associated with cholinesterase inhibitor use.

Osteoblastoma of the coracoid process: an unusual location.

Thrombocytopenia and absent radius (TAR) syndrome in pregnancy.

Unusual diagnosis of a solitary thyroid nodule in the paediatric population: cervical thymic cyst.

Landau-Kleffner syndrome: an uncommon dealt with case in Southeast Asia.

Granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease and recurrent sinopulmonary infections in a patient with Good's syndrome.

Transscleral cyclophotocoagulation in refractory acute and chronic angle closure glaucoma.

Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica of the ankle: a fracture-like rare developmental disorder.

A case of metastatic adenocarcinoma on a background of penoscrotal extramammary Paget's disease.

Neglected partial denture in the lower oesophagus presenting after 7 days.

A painless pelvic wall ectopic pregnancy.

An interesting case of an antihypertensive causing post-prostatectomy incontinence.

Intestinal ganglioneuromatosis: an unusual aetiology for occult gastrointestinal bleeding.

A predictable but life-threatening complication of hydroxyurea in a patient with sickle cell anaemia: an experience learned from a Jehovah's Witness.

Renal fibromuscular dysplasia.

Prenatal constriction of the ductus arteriosus following maternal diclofenac medication in the third trimester.

Isolated aortitis: a rare cause of febrile illness.

Ruptured intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm: a rare cause of acute back pain.

Amitraz: a mimicker of organophosphate poisoning.

Laparoscopic treatment of a large uterine cystic adenomyosis in a young patient.

Imaging of leiomyomas arising from Müllerian remnants in a case of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome.

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: early clinical expression of a new STK11 gene variant.

Hyperreactio luteinalis encountered during caesarean delivery of an uncomplicated spontaneous singleton pregnancy.

Juvenile fibromyalgia in an adolescent patient with sickle cell disease presenting with chronic pain.

Rock climbing-related subclavian vein thrombosis.

Budesonide-related adrenal insufficiency.

Elemental mercury mixed with alcohol injected intravenously as a suicide attempt.

Rhodococcus equi peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: a first in Australia.

Xerophthalmia and vitamin A deficiency in an autistic child with a restricted diet.

Fluoroquinolone-induced serious, persistent, multisymptom adverse effects.

Retinal damage induced by mirror-reflected light from a laser pointer.

A jackhammer in the gullet: high amplitude oesophageal contractions as a cause of atypical chest pain.

Unusual cause of upper gastrointestinal bleed, when OGD could be fatal.

DRESS syndrome presenting after initiation of mycobacterium avium complex osteomyelitis treatment.

Cutaneous and pleural involvement in a patient with multiple myeloma.

Drug Reaction, Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome secondary to allopurinol with early lymphadenopathy and symptom relapse.

Fluctuating nature of an orbital venous-lymphatic anomaly in association with intracranial vascular malformations: a classical presentation.

Retroperitoneal haematoma associated with enoxaparin use in an elderly woman with chronic kidney disease.

A case of donepezil-related torsades de pointes.

Paratesticular liposarcoma and contralateral angiolipoma in a 60-year-old patient.

A fatal case of primary cardiac chondrosarcoma presenting with amaurosis fugax.

MR features of metronidazole-induced encephalopathy.

Bowel pseudo-obstruction following an acute ST elevation myocardial infarction.

Helicobacter cinaedi knee infection after arthroscopy in an immunocompetent patient.

Acute appendicitis presenting as pneumoperitoneum in a teenage boy undergoing chemotherapy.

Neonatal small left colon syndrome.

A 75-year-old woman with acquired haemophilia disguised by warfarin treatment.

Paediatric trauma with hyperamylasemia.

An unusual inguinoscrotal hernia with renal involvement.

Multiple embolic cerebral infarcts as the first manifestation of metastatic ovarian cancer.

Severe bone and mineral disease in an adolescent with chronic kidney disease: a case from the 70s?

Reversed ocular ischaemic syndrome secondary to carotid cavernous sinus embolisation.

Tuberculous pseudoaneurysm of the ascending aorta.

Iron-induced gastric ulceration with radiological and endoscopic appearance of carcinoma.

Acute myeloid leucaemia with trisomy 14 as a sole cytogenetic abnormality.

The ulnar artery pseudoaneurysm.

Cast nephropathy: an extremely rare renal presentation of Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia.

Pneumomediastinum: a rare manifestation of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in a patient presenting with unexplained breathlessness at the Borders General Hospital.

Hypoplasia of the inferior vena cava in a young man presenting with extensive deep venous thrombosis.

Primary breast lymphoma presenting as non-healing axillary abscess.

Phaeochromocytoma with hypercortisolism and hypercalcaemia.

Another pharyngitis mimic: intraoral haematoma of the posterior wall of the pharynx in a patient on warfarin and drug-drug interaction.

A rare infectious cause of severe neonatal skin lesions.

Perforated Crohn's disease presenting during pregnancy.

A case of digital hoarding.

Coexistent osteoporosis and multiple myeloma: when to investigate further in osteoporosis.

A case of adult intussusception.

Pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma and disseminated Mycobacterium genavense infection in an HIV-infected patient.

Three floating metatarsals and a half-floating cuneiform.

Correcting hypotension: be careful!

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in Takayasu arteritis: watching and monitoring the arterial inflammation.

Fever-triggered Brugada syndrome in an adult patient presenting with hemophagocytic syndrome induced by Chlamydophila pneumoniae.

Annular alopecia areata: a morphologically rare variant.

Pradaxa-induced esophageal ulcer.

Zinc in denture adhesive: a rare cause of copper deficiency in a patient on home parenteral nutrition.

A deceitful stroke, a hidden tumour.

Successful medical treatment of infective endocarditis caused by Candida parapsilosis in an immunocompromised patient.

A low-energy femoral shaft fracture from performing a yoga posture.

Interstitial ectopic pregnancy managed with local methotrexate.

'Dilated odontoma': an incidental finding.

Easy to swallow: detection of an extramural jejunal GIST by video capsule endoscopy.

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis and subclinical myopericarditis in a patient with advanced rectal cancer.

Extramedullary haematopoiesis resembling a blueberry muffin, in a neonate.

Fever in the returning traveller: the importance of sensitivity.

Naughty knot: a case of nasogastric tube knotting.

Not all ST-segment changes are myocardial injury: hypercalcaemia-induced ST-segment elevation.

Are mothers always right? When acute meningitis is something more.

Association of acquired thrombotic thrombocytopaenic purpura in a patient with pernicious anaemia.

Bilateral coronoid hypoplasia and complex odontoma: a rare concurrence of developmental pathology and odontogenic tumour of the mandible.

Post-traumatic chronic bone and joint infection caused by Butyricimonas spp, and treated with high doses of ertapenem administered subcutaneously in a 30-year-old obese man.

Wall-eyed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplaegia (WEBINO) from a paramedian mesencephalic infarct.

Hypertriglyceridaemia unresponsive to multiple treatments.

Rapid diagnosis and treatment of severe tricyclic antidepressant toxicity.

An unusual case of a patient who presented with haemorrhagic shock following massive subcutaneous haematomas of the lower back due to blunt trauma.

Killing two birds with one stone: a case of GIST and supervening CML.

Hypothyroid heart: myxoedema as a cause of reversible dilated cardiomyopathy.

Multifocal chorioretinitis with progressive subretinal fibrosis in a young child.

Benign pneumatosis intestinalis after bilateral lung transplantation.

Recurrent spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.

Multiple calcified brain metastases in a man with invasive ductal breast cancer.

Primary cutaneous myxoid spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma: a rare skin cancer.

Shark attack: the emergency presentation and management.

A case of a large, painless retroperitoneal mass causing hydronephrosis and biliary obstruction.

Pituitary apoplexy presenting with bilateral oculomotor nerve palsy.

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia causing massive breast enlargement.

Acute bilateral useless hand syndrome: a rare presenting manifestation of vitamin B12 deficiency.

Type B aortic dissection triggered by heart transplantation in a patient with Marfan syndrome.

Geographical tongue induced by axitinib.

Candida albicans osteomyelitis as a cause of chest pain and visual loss.

Deep brain stimulation complicated by bilateral large cystic cavitation around the leads in a patient with Parkinson's disease.

Pause-dependent paroxysmal phase-4 atrioventricular block.

A paradoxical decline: intracranial lesions in two HIV-positive patients recovering from cryptococcal meningitis.

Sinus venosus atrial septal defect presenting with brain abscesses in a 77-year-old immunocompetent patient.

A well known and important adverse effect of phenytoin in a neurosurgical patient.

Late quadriceps tendon rupture at the donor site following cruciate ligament reconstruction using central quadriceps tendon graft.

The ointment is mightier than the scalpel.

Obstruction and perforation of the small bowel caused by inadvertent ingestion of a blister pill pack in an elderly patient.

Intimal (spindle cell) sarcoma of the left atrium presenting with abnormal neurological examination.

Spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus during alcoholic hepatitis: the alcohol killed the virus?

Vitamin D-dependent rickets: a resurgence of the rachitic lung in the 21st century.

Wernicke encephalopathy and pellagra in an alcoholic and malnourished patient.

Access to essential paediatric surgery in the developing world: a case of imperforate anus with rectovaginal and rectocutaneous fistulas left untreated.

Just hypercalcaemia or acute ST elevation myocardial infarction? A review of hypercalcaemia-related electrocardiographic changes.

Isolated mammary cysticercosis.

A rare case describing catastrophic destruction of the whole skeleton caused by severe hyperparathyroidism.

Bilateral BRVO in a patient with recurrent prostate cancer.

A challenging central line insertion: where did the contrast go?

Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich and Prader-Willi syndromes: more than a coincidence?

Isolated small bowel angio-oedema due to ACE inhibitor therapy.

Retroperitoneal panniculitis.

Dyspnoea in a 72-year-old woman.

Recurrent episodes of unexplained hypoelectrolytaemia of a rare cause in a young Saudi girl.

Disseminated cryptococcosis in an apparently immunocompetent patient presenting with primary intraventricular haemorrhage.

Central and peripheral nervous system involvement in neuromelioidosis.

Group C streptococcal septic arthritis of a prosthetic hip joint following dental treatment.

A STAT1-gain-of-function mutation causing Th17 deficiency with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, psoriasiform hyperkeratosis and dermatophytosis.

A shattered kidney: a pitfall in imaging of renal trauma.

Prolapse of inverted ileal loops through a patent vitellointestinal duct.

Pseudomyxoma peritonei diagnosed 19 years after appendicectomy.

HbM methaemoglobinaemia as a rare case of early neonatal benign cyanosis.

Freeman-Sheldon syndrome in a 29-year-old woman presenting with rare and previously undescribed features.

Intraosseous cavernous haemangioma of the inferior turbinate.

Pemphigus vulgaris: a rare cause of dysphagia.

Severe post-influenza (H1N1) encephalitis involving pulvinar nuclei in an adult patient.

Genomic characterisation of two cancers of unknown primary cases supports a kidney cancer origin.

Moraxella catarrhalis bacteraemia and prosthetic valve endocarditis.

Extramedullary plasmacytoma mimicking colon carcinoma: an unusual presentation and review of the literature.

Two rare cases of head and neck tuberculosis.

Down syndrome--novel associations: antenatal strawberry-shaped skull, severe neonatal hepatitis and an unusual form of portosystemic hepatic shunt.

Life-threatening ACE inhibitor-induced angio-oedema successfully treated with icatibant: a bradykinin receptor antagonist.

Unusual presentations and pitfalls of secondary syphilis: osteitis, pneumonia and malignancy.

Another mistaken case of appendicitis.

Pregnancy with a ruptured renal artery aneurysm: management concerns and endovascular management.

Use of enoximone in management of anaphylaxis complicated by labetalol use.

Donohue syndrome and use of continuous subcutaneous insulin pump therapy.

Severe acute measles pneumonitis: virus isolation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

Swallow syncope caused by third-degree atrioventricular block.

Laparoscopic treatment of intestinal obstruction caused by an uncommon congenital band.

Sheathless transradial coronary angioplasty in an achondroplasic patient with ST elevation myocardial infarction.

What the mind does not know, the eyes do not see: a rare congenital fusion of the odontoid process to the atlantal hemiarch.

Pedunculated mobile aortic arch thrombus as a cause for acute stroke.

The challenging diagnosis of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an HIV-infected patient.

Impella left ventricular assist device in cardiac arrest after spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section.

Bilateral hip pain in a young man? It may be worth considering juvenile-onset ankylosing spondylitis (JAS).

Oral manifestations of Crohn's disease.

Concurrent perforated Meckel's diverticulum and intestinal malrotation in an 8-year-old boy.

Solitaire salvage: a stent retriever-assisted catheter reduction technical report.

Tackling a case of a stent lost in calcified right coronary artery: a novel implication of intravascular ultrasound.

Successful device closure of a ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm presenting with acute heart failure.

A case of presumed post-traumatic pneumocephalus.

Anti-interleukin 6 receptor therapy for hyper-IgD syndrome.

Surviving stroke in an Ebola Treatment Centre.

Iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome and osteoporosis due to an interaction between fluticasone and ritonavir.

Successful use of pregabalin by the rectal route to treat chronic neuropathic pain in a patient with complete intestinal failure.

Exploring the possibilities: airspace disease in the postallogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant period.

Open removal of a retained retrohepatic inferior vena cava filter with a residual primary neuroectodermal renal tumoral thrombus.

Anterior and posterior fixation for delayed treatment of posterior atlantoaxial dislocation without fracture.

A rare case of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma in the setting of a newly diagnosed left atrial myxoma.

Orbital emphysema: nose blowing leading to a blown orbit.

Embolisation of an iatrogenic pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm.

Macular congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium (CHRPE) in a patient with best vitelliform dystrophy (BVD).

Patellar tendon enthesitis as initial manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis: an atypical presentation.

Rheumatoid lung nodule.

Pleural effusion caused by a malpositioned umbilical venous catheter in a neonate.

A jejunal GIST presenting with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding and small bowel obstruction secondary to intussusception.

Dermatitis caused by metal allergy after coil embolization for unruptured cerebral aneurysm.

Successful endovascular stroke therapy in a 103-year-old woman.

Successful surgical management of early esophageal cancer in a patient with cystic fibrosis post-bilateral lung transplantation.

Neurofibromatosis 1-associated panhypopituitarism presenting as hypoglycaemic seizures and stroke-like symptoms.

Buerger's disease.

Pulmonary oedema, think beyond the heart even in the presence of severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

Resolution of tachyarrhythmia-related fetal hydrops after corticosteroid administration for fetal lung maturation.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound treatment as an alternative to vascular bone graft surgery for a 5-year-long ulnar non-union in a patient with haemochromatosis.

Tricuspid and mitral endocarditis due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus exhibiting vancomycin-creep phenomenon.

Immune recovery uveitis in a patient with previously undiagnosed cytomegalovirus retinitis.

Catecholamine-secreting paraganglioma: the challenges of perioperative management.

Failure of oral penicillin as secondary prophylaxis for rheumatic heart disease: a lesson from a low-prevalence rheumatic fever region.

A thyroid nodule mimic.

'Vulval oedema': a conundrum!

Early recognition is the key to success: pulseless electrical activity (PEA) as a manifestation of heparin-induced anaphylactoid reaction.

Stranded under the Prom: impacted gravid uterus presenting as acute urinary retention.

Automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator lead infection in a patient with previous superior vena cava thrombosis.

Fatal fungal nephropathy in an immunocompetent host: an interesting case.

Fibrosing mediastinitis: a rare complication of histoplasmosis.

A rare case of primary cardiac lymphoma.

Subaortic membrane mimicking hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Unusual presentation of a retained foreign body in a child.

Giant accessory breast: a rare occurrence reported, with a review of the literature.

Severe iron deficiency anaemia associated with heavy lice infestation in a young woman.

Accidental overdose in the deep shade of night: a warning on the assumed safety of 'natural substances'.

Urgent resection of a giant left atrial appendage aneurysm and mitral valve replacement in a complex case of Hurler-Scheie syndrome.

Combined surgical treatment for severe sleep apnoea, to improve BiPAP compliance.

Enterobius vermicularis infection of the liver in a patient with colorectal carcinoma with suspected liver metastasis.

Chondrosarcoma of the hyoid bone: an atypical site of a sarcoma of the head and the neck.

Thyroid papillary microcarcinoma: an incidental finding in a patient with coronoid hyperplasia.

A rare case of metachronous penile and urethral metastases from a rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma.

Think beyond simple pneumonia.

Use of a new generation of adaptive servo ventilation for sleep-disordered breathing in patients with multiple system atrophy.

A direct aspiration first pass technique for retrieval of a detached coil.

The painted shoes:Correction.

Coarctation of the aorta with left pulmonary artery stenosis: a rare association diagnosed with ECG-gated multislice dual-source CT angiography.

Pneumobilia with gastric outlet obstruction.

Spontaneous resolution of a recurrent axillary cystic hygroma following acute infection.

Abnormal postural reflexes in a patient with pontine ischaemia.

Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis: surgery, sustained drug therapy and treatment of recurrence at 1 year.

Phenotypic extremes in liveborn monozygotic twins with mosaic Edwards syndrome.

An old 'new' friend: postmeasles blindness in the 21st century.

Chiari malformation, syringomyelia and bulbar palsy in X linked hypophosphataemia.

A rare combination of amniotic constriction band with osteogenesis imperfecta.

An insidious case of hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to acalculus cholecystitis.

Rotator cuff tears in luxatio erecta: an arthroscopic perspective of two cases.

False-positive uptake on radioiodine whole-body scan due to bronchiectasis.

A large lingual thyroid extending to the epiglottis.

Novel transient alien limb phenomenon heralding a diabetic hyperosmolar non-ketotic state with leukoaraiosis: a video presentation.

Upper ureteric transitional cell carcinoma, extending to the renal pelvis, presenting as duodenal obstruction.

A healthy patient with bilateral frozen hips preceding bilateral frozen shoulders: a cautionary tale.

Neck swelling after thyroidectomy: not always a haematoma.

Not just another thunderclap headache: a case of isolated cortical vein thrombosis and subarachnoid haemorrhage.

DPG-plus syndrome: new report of a rare entity.

Vertebral artery dissection in evolution found during chiropractic examination.

Metastatic choriocarcinoma induced separate simultaneous intracerebral haemorrhages: a very rare occurrence and its novel association with Klinefelter syndrome.

Atypical CML with massive splenic infarct: an extremely rare presentation.

Sensorineural deafness following routine transurethral resection of the prostate.

Unusual mode of failure of intertrochanteric femur fracture fixation.

VIPoma with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 identified as an atypical gene mutation.

Pipeline embolization device thrombosis induced peri-construct collateral channels.

Hookworm-related cutaneous larva migrans acquired in the UK.

Tuberculosis of the cavum revealed by acute facial pain.

Opioid-induced constipation reversal in response to placebo in a patient with a history of IBS receiving methadone maintenance therapy.

Breast filariasis or inflammatory breast carcinoma? Reaching a diagnosis.

Jejunal angiodysplasia causing recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding presenting as severe anaemia and melena.

Sudden cardiac arrest during emergency caesarean delivery in a 31-year-old woman, due to accelerated structural valve degeneration of an aortic valve bioprosthesis.

A rare comorbidity: neurosarcoidosis and cutaneous sarcoidosis.

Pelvic mass in a young woman with a background of ovarian dysgerminoma: differential diagnosis.

Successful laparoscopic transabdominal cerclage in uterus didelphys.

Not walking? An uncommon spinal pathology.

Simultaneous presentation of pancreatic cancer in a genetically unrelated couple.

Acute myeloid leucaemia presenting as a rapidly progressive polyradiculoneuropathy.

Pneumopericardium, pneumomediastinum, pneumoretroperitoneum and surgical emphysema secondary to a duodenal perforation post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Cleidocranial dysplasia syndrome (CCD) with an unusual finding in a young patient.

Radium-223 dichloride therapy in breast cancer with osseous metastases.

Conservative treatment in a patient with diabetic osteomyelitis: antibiotic treatment is sufficient for complete bone regeneration in selected cases.

Presentation of cauda equina syndrome during labour.

Head injury patient with bilateral vocal cord paralysis: a mistake and a lesson learnt.

Differential diagnosis of double site intussusception in childhood: a 15-year-old girl presenting with bowel obstruction.

Type B aortic dissection in a chronic haemodialysis patient.

Angioectasias on the major and accessory duodenal papillae; a unique cause of recurrent bleed in a patient with von Willebrand's disease.

Bloody diarrhoea in a patient with HIV infection.

Intralobar pulmonary sequestration: diagnostic expertise.

Large aortic arch mural thrombus in non-atherosclerotic thoracic aorta--a rare cause of stroke in the young.

Isolated renal echinococcosis: a rare disease.

Two staged modified substitution urethroplasty using appendix-free flap.

Primary glottic malignant melanoma of the larynx (PGMML): a very rare entity.

Bilateral shoulder septic arthritis in a fit and well 47-year-old man.

Novel oral anticoagulants and HIV: dabigatran use with antiretrovirals.

Ten-year follow-up of a giant prolactinoma.

Pseudo-renal failure: bladder rupture with urinary ascites.

Cardiac arrest induced by a giant uterine leiomyoma.

Bimatoprost (0.03%)-induced accommodative spasm and pseudomyopia.

Muddy clinical waters: a missed betel nut in the bronchus.

A dual injury of the shoulder: acromioclavicular joint dislocation (type IV) coupled with ipsilateral mid-shaft clavicle fracture.

Extremely high HIV-1 viral load in a patient with undiagnosed clinical indicator disease for HIV infection.

Elderly care between global and local services: the use of somatic care practices.

A 43-year-old woman presenting with subacute, bilateral, sequential facial nerve palsies, then developing pseudotumour cerebri.

Ulnar artery aneurysm and hypothenar hammer syndrome.

An example of prompt and appropriate multidisciplinary management leading to an exceptionally good outcome: a case complicated by amniotic fluid embolism.

Postpartum vertebral artery dissection.

Septic arthritis and subsequent fatal septic shock caused by Vibrio vulnificus infection.

Salmonella newport causing osteomyelitis in a patient with diabetes.

Recurrent pericardial effusion and tamponade in a patient with Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD).

Inferior mesenteric vein pylephlebitis due to sigmoid diverticulitis.

Successful re-implantation of implantable collamer lens after management of post-ICL methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis endophthalmitis.

Transcatheter closure of direct right pulmonary artery to left atrial communication using vascular plug.

Persistent thrombocytopaenia in a young man with splenomegaly, rebound thrombocytosis after splenectomy and subsequent pulmonary embolism: splenic littoral cell angioma and associated events.

Interhemispheric epidermoid cyst.

Seizures with an atypical aetiology in an elderly patient: Eagle's syndrome--how does one treat it?

Filarial hydropneumothorax: a strange journey.

Pelvic Actinomyces israelii abscess: a differential diagnosis of a pelvic mass.

Guillain-Barré syndrome as first presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus: a rare manifestation complicated by IVIg-induced splenic infarct.

DADS neuropathy associated with anti-TNF- therapy.

Successful treatment of recurrent rectal prolapse using three Thiersch sutures in children.

Amoebiasis masquerading as inflammatory bowel disease.

A young woman with a jejuno-jejunal intussusception.

Use of ticagrelor in human pregnancy, the first experience.

The unexpected finding of a splenic infarction in a patient with infectious mononucleosis due to Epstein-Barr virus.

Continuous use of enzalutamide in a patient who developed enzalutamide-induced thrombocytopenia.

Bilateral total hip replacement in arthrogryposis multiplex congenita.

Fulminant antenatal pulmonary oedema in a woman with hypertension and superimposed preeclampsia.

Response to IV immunoglobulin in a case of osmotic demyelination syndrome.

Unexpected cause of recurrent epistaxis.

Successful removal of uterine leiomyosarcoma tumour thrombus propagating to the right atrium.

A role for risperidone in the treatment of communication disorder and comorbid mental health problems?

Thymic carcinoma presenting as atypical chest pain.

A patient with odynophagia and unusual endoscopic findings.

Generalised reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a variant of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).

Acute compartment syndrome risk in fracture fixation with regional blocks.

Metastatic pancreatic cancer: abdominal pain in a 22-year-old woman.

A STAT1-gain-of-function mutation causing Th17 deficiency with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, psoriasiform hyperkeratosis and dermatophytosis:Correction.

Bardet-Biedl syndrome: multiple fingers with multiple defects!

The first report of a previously undescribed EBV-negative NK-cell lymphoma of the GI tract presenting as chronic diarrhoea with eosinophilia.

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis with anti-NMDA receptor antibodies during a systemic lupus erythematosus flare-up.

Miliaria crystallina: relevance in patients with hemato-oncological febrile neutropenia.

Ventricular fibrillation after elective surgery in an adolescent with long QT syndrome.

Proteus endocarditis in an intravenous drug user.

Dysphagia to liver failure.

Abdominal actinomycosis mimicking acute appendicitis.

A lump on the nose.

Stridor: a rare presentation of oesophageal malignancy.

A cerebral abscess at first internist glance.

Bug on the back: vertebral osteomyelitis secondary to fluoroquinolone resistant Salmonella typhi in an immunocompetent patient.

Systemic lupus erythaematosus presenting as spontaneous splenic rupture.

Penetrating neck injury from a screwdriver: can the No Zone approach be applied to Zone I injuries?

Spontaneous sternal fracture due to multiple myeloma requiring extensive surgical repair.

Bilateral central toxic keratopathy after laser in situ keratomileusis.

Serratia marcescens osteomyelitis in Cushing's disease.

Gliosarcoma with neuroaxis metastases.

POEMS syndrome: complex factors contributing to a delayed diagnosis.

Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis with infectious arteritis of the internal carotid artery.

Dellen and corneal perforation after bilateral pterygium excision in a patient with no risk factors.

Dislocation of the proximal tibiofibular joint, do not miss it.

Small cell osteosarcoma of the parietal region: a unique case at an unusual site.

Life-threatening haemorrhage in patients without pulmonary embolism who received anticoagulants.

Endobronchial valves in the management of bronchial fistulae caused by bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

A calcified mass.

Live kidney donation from a person with haemophilia.

Cautionary tale: subdural haematoma following frequent hypoglycaemia from insulin-induced lipohypertrophy.

Leucapheresis for management of retinopathy in chronic myeloid leukaemia.

Dynamic left ventricular outflow obstruction in situs inversus with levocardia.

An intriguing case of locked jaw secondary to melioidosis.

Adrenocortical carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumour thrombus: multidetector CT (MDCT) evaluation and management.

Intermittent unspecific osteitis and cortex atrophy of the proximal phalanx after surgical pulley repair.

Successful intubation of a difficult airway due to a large obstructive vocal cord polyp augmented by the delivery of a transtracheal injection of local anaesthetic.

A case of acquired laryngomalacia in an infant, with endoscopy before and after establishing the diagnosis for the first time.

Tinea nigra on the fingers.

Obstruction of the external auditory meatus secondary to a giant pyogenic granuloma.

From bone to heart: a case of MRSA osteomyelitis with haematogenous spread to the pericardium.

Intravenous leiomyomatosis with intracardiac extension: an unusual presentation of uterine leiomyoma and evaluation with 256-slice dual-source multidetector CT and cardiac MRI.

Drug-induced elastosis perforans serpiginosa.

Erythema migrans associated with partial Horner's syndrome.

A rare case of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis.

Epidermal inclusion cyst in a male breast: parallel linear echoes (tram-track appearance) on sonography as a diagnostic clue.

Antenatal diagnosis of aneurysmal malformation of the vein of Galen.

Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation for an unstable thoracic spine fracture after a traumatic degloving injury.

Water-only fasting and an exclusively plant foods diet in the management of stage IIIa, low-grade follicular lymphoma.

Chemothorax: a rare cause of a transudative pleural effusion.

Longitudinal melanonychia.

Imaging in median arcuate ligament syndrome.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome with thalamic involvement during vasopressor treatment of vertebrobasilar vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Management of dens in dente associated with a chronic periapical lesion.

Atlanto-axial infection after acupuncture.

Neisseria elongata subsp elongata infective endocarditis following endurance exercise.

Hyponatraemia in patients with multiple myeloma.

Dystonia not dystopia: effects of the legal high, 'Clockwork Orange'.

Restoration of pretrabeculectomy visual acuity and a functioning filtering bleb in an eye with delayed suprachoroidal haemorrhage following trabeculectomy.

Intrauterine death at term in a cocaine user detained under the Mental Health Act.

Subacute, tetracycline-responsive, granulomatous osteomyelitis in an adult man, consistent with Q fever infection.

Short stature with congenital ichthyosis.

A mild form of rituximab-associated lung injury in two adolescents treated for nephrotic syndrome.

Cutaneous lupus erythematosus flare following exposure to surgical light during a dental procedure.

Delayed postoperative dural arteriovenous fistula presenting with progressive dementia.

Pheochromocytoma multisystem crisis with transient stress cardiomyopathy due to ruptured pheochromocytoma.

Rapid resolution of cardiac rhabdomyomas following everolimus therapy.

Double aortic arch with right positioned descending thoracic aorta and coexistent aortic kinking.

Trousseau's syndrome in a patient with gastric cancer.

Ganciclovir concentrations in the cerebral extracellular space after valganciclovir treatment; a case study.

The woman with unexplained anaemia.

Glass fragment embedded in the cheek: a missed radiographic finding.

Leukemoid reaction as a paraneoplastic syndrome in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with cutaneous metastasis: an exceedingly rare occurrence.

Early bilateral nephrectomy in infantile autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease.

Sudden onset unilateral sensorineural hearing loss after rabies vaccination.

Postpartum acute abdomen and its diagnostic challenges.

Abacavir-induced fulminant hepatic failure in a HIV/HCV co-infected patient.

Thyroid storm in a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.

Insulinoma with focal hepatic lesions: malignant insulinoma?

Congenital pseudoarthrosis in a child with neurofibromatosis.

Splenic abscess due to Salmonella schwarzengrund in a previously healthy individual returning from Bali.

Feeling blue, going green and finding other attractive alternatives: a case of biphasic anaphylaxis to patent blue and a literature review of alternative sentinel node localisation methods.

PET artefact masquerading as a PET positive lung mass.

Airway management of a life-threatening post-thyroidectomy haematoma.

Ultra-wide field imaging in peripheral exudative haemorrhagic chorioretinopathy (PEHCR).

Haemophilia A in a major trauma patient.

Serum sickness-like reaction after influenza vaccination.

Mystery of a cryptogenic stroke solved by an abdominal angiogram.

Lung carcinoma presenting as a solitary, painless frontal bone lump.

Tumefactive demyelination presenting during bevacizumab treatment.

Right ventricular failure due to late embolic RV infarction during continuous flow LVAD support.

Propionibacterium acnes as a cause of lung abscess in a cardiac transplant recipient.

Definitive use of external fixation for pelvic ring injuries (open book/APC2) in pregnancy.

Spots of bother.

Bilateral closed flexor pollicis longus musculotendinous junction ruptures.

Double aortic arch: a cause of stridor to remember.

Anterior surface opacification of intraocular lenses after Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty.

Juvenile spondyloarthropathy: an important clinical lesson to remember.

Locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the rectum presenting with necrotising fasciitis of the perineum: successful management with early aggressive surgery and multimodal therapy.

A rare cause of recurrent wheeze and seizures.

Persistent groin pain after a bicycle fall.

Fatal thalamic abscess secondary to dental infection.

Small intestine perforation due to accidental press-through package ingestion in an elderly patient with Lewy body dementia and recurrent cardiopulmonary arrest.

Endobronchial actinomycosis: successful treatment with oral antibiotics.

Symptomatic unicuspid aortic valve.

Ear and vestibular symptoms in train operators after sudden air pressure changes in trains.

Two cases of severe angio-oedema and rationale for their response to icatibant.

Cervical spinal cord compression complicating the clinical course of Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1.

Traumatic dislocation of the mandibular lateral incisor into the nasal floor.

Neuroregression as an initial manifestation in a toddler with acquired pernicious anaemia.

Abdominal varicosities secondary to inferior vena cava filter thrombosis.

Gallstone ileus of the sigmoid colon: an extremely rare cause of large bowel obstruction detected by multiplanar CT.

Unusual cause for gum hypertrophy and skin nodules in a child.

Natal teeth in premature dizygotic twin girls.

Difficult diagnosis: internal herniation of the terminal ileum through the foramen of Winslow into the lesser sac.

Aplasia of the lung in a neonate--the myth is explored.

Dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome not related to G6PD deficiency.

Cryptococcal eosinophilic meningitis in a patient with sarcoidosis.

Under seize: neurocysticercosis in an immigrant woman and review of a growing neglected disease.

Ziv-aflibercept: a novel option for the treatment of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

Ovarian vein thrombosis in a polytrauma patient.

A young man with extensor eruptive skin lesions.

Angioleiomyoma of the larynx: beware the subglottic lesion.

Unusual pattern of neonatal hyperhidrosis.

Meningiomatosis revealed by a major depressive syndrome.

Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Rare cause of paraparesis: bilateral obturator neuropathy after hysterosalpingectomy.

Synchronous ipsilateral adrenocortical carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma: a rare clinical entity.

Thymoma complicated by deep vein thrombosis of the arm.

Floating iris cyst mimicking intravitreal cysticercosis.

Two cases of small bowel obstruction secondary to a swallowed potato.

Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome: a guide for the practising clinician.

Possible ACTH-independent, cortisol-secreting and DHEA-secreting metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma causing Cushing's syndrome.

Increased internal higher-order aberrations as a useful parameter for indication of vitrectomy in three asteroid hyalosis cases.

Mixed odontogenic tumour with dentinoid and ghost cells.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) after bariatric surgery--a potential consequence associated with rapid withdrawal of antihypertensive medications.

ANCA negative eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: sometimes it really IS vasculitis.

Outcome of cataract surgery following simple limbal epithelial transplantation for lime injury-induced limbal stem cell deficiency.

A fractured tuberosity following attempted extraction.

A spontaneously resolving breast lesion: imaging and cytological findings of nodular fasciitis of the breast with FISH showing USP6 gene rearrangement.

Delayed diagnosis of a high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting as an obstructing rectal mass.

Localisation of lower gastrointestinal bleeding with 99mTc red blood cell scan and single photon emission CT (SPECT).

Synchronous phalangeal metastases in upper and lower limbs from primary breast malignancy: a rare case scenario with a review of the literature.

Duodenal perforation as result of blunt abdominal trauma in childhood.

Phytophotodermatitis: a diagnosis to consider.

A neonate born with Mycobacterium cosmeticum bacteraemia.

Rare case of unilateral optic nerve aplasia.

A rare and life-threatening cause of epistaxis.

Tullio phenomenon in superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD).

Pontine abscess with initial treatment failure following infectious endocarditis with Streptococcus salivarius:Correction.

Oral manifestations of Crohn's disease:Correction.

Cough, codeine and confusion.

Isolated rupture of teres major in a goalkeeper.

Oh rats! Fever, rash and arthritis in a young woman.

Confidentiality issues in patients who have misinformed their families:Correction.

Non-syndromic primary maxillary peg central incisors with multiple wormian bones in a 6-year-old boy: an unusual presentation.

The finding of an undiagnosed long segment tracheal stenosis in a cyanotic child undergoing an arterial switch operation and VSD closure.

Removal of black stains from teeth by photodynamic therapy: clinical and microbiological analysis.

A unilateral purple urine bag syndrome in a patient with bilateral nephrostomy tubes.

Nager acrofacial dysostosis: a rare genetic disorder causing bilateral temperomandibular joint ankylosis in a 10-year-old girl.

Pulmonary 'mercury' embolism.

Unexpected cause of respiratory distress.

Hypopharyngeal large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Raynaud's phenomenon in limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis.

Klinefelter syndrome with low gonadotropin levels.

An unusual complication of epistaxis: cerebral abscess formation after anterior ethmoidal artery ligation.

Controversy and consent: achieving patient autonomy in thrombolysis for acute submassive pulmonary embolism.

Sudden cardiac arrest as a presentation of Brugada syndrome unmasked by thyroid storm.

Reversible severe bilateral visual loss in an unusual case of bilateral lateral geniculate myelinolysis during acute pancreatitis.

Evolving gallstone ileus: the gallstone as it migrates and the lessons learnt.

Caudate haemorrhage caused by pseudoaneurysm of accessory middle cerebral artery.

Postpartum Hamman's syndrome presenting with facial asymmetry.

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Postoperative epidural haematomas associated with hydrocephalus caused by intraoperative overdrainage of cerebrospinal fluid: two case reports with a literature review of 19 cases.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Niimura, Manabu Taniguchi, Makoto Takai, Keisuke
Description	Author Affiliation: Niimura M ( Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.); Takai K ( Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.); Taniguchi M ( Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.)
Abstract	We report two cases with postoperative epidural haematomas (EDHs) associated with hydrocephalus and discuss the cause of haematoma development on the basis of a literature review. A 13-year-old boy presented with obstructive hydrocephalus caused by a sellar mass lesion. Multifocal EDHs occurred after partial resection of the lesion via a transcallosal approach following ventricular drainage. In the second case, a 26-year-old man who had a history of ventriculoperitoneal shunting for congenital hydrocephalus presented with hydrocephalus caused by ventricular catheter obstruction. An EDH occurred after replacement of the ventricular catheter with a new burr hole opening. On the basis of a review of 19 cases including our two cases, the authors concluded that postoperative EDH development associated with hydrocephalus was mostly caused by intraoperative overdrainage of cerebrospinal fluid, resulting in rapid shrinkage of the brain with dilation of the epidural space, a situation that may have caused dural venous bleeding.
Volume Number	2015
e-ISSN	1757790X
Journal	BMJ Case Reports
Language	English
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Craniotomy Adverse Effects Equipment Failure Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial Etiology Hydrocephalus Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Adolescent Adult Brain Neoplasms Surgery Drainage Germinoma Humans Congenital Male Postoperative Complications Tomography, X-Ray Computed Instrumentation Case Reports Journal Article Review Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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