NDLI: An evolutionary concept analysis: stigma among women living with hepatitis C

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Masterman, Chelsea Mendlowitz, Andrew B. Capraru, Camelia Campbell, Karen Eastabrook, Genevieve Yudin, Mark H. Kushner, Tatyana Flemming, Jennifer A. Feld, Jordan J. Babenko-Mould, Yolanda Tryphonopoulos, Panagiota Biondi, Mia
Abstract	Background Stigma is a complex social phenomenon that leads to marginalization and influences the course of illness. In the context of hepatitis C virus (HCV), stigma is a well-documented barrier to accessing care, treatment, and cure. In recent years, HCV rates among women have increased, resulting in an urgent need to address stigma and its harmful effects. The purpose of this concept analysis was to investigate stigma in the context of women living with HCV using Rodgers’ evolutionary method. Methods PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Medline, PsycINFO, and Nursing and Allied Health were used to identify articles describing HCV stigma among women. Articles from peer-reviewed journals and geographic locations, published between 2002–2023, were included in the analysis. As specified in Rodgers’ evolutionary method, articles were analyzed with a focus on the concept’s context, surrogate and related terms, antecedents, attributes, examples, and consequences. Results Following screening, 33 articles were selected for inclusion in the analysis. Discrimination and marginalization were identified as surrogate and related terms to stigma; and antecedents of stigma were identified as limited knowledge, fear of diagnosis, and disclosure. Prevalent attributes of stigma in the literature were described as feelings of decreased self-worth, negative stereotyping, and fear of transmission. Importantly, HCV stigma among women is unique in comparison to other forms of infectious disease-related stigma, primarily due its impact on women’s identity as mothers and caregivers. Stigmatization of women living with HCV resulted in negative consequences to personal relationships and healthcare access due to decreased health-seeking behaviours. Although access to HCV treatment has changed considerably over time, a temporal analysis could not be completed due to the limited number of articles. Conclusions Stigma in the context of women living with HCV has its own unique antecedents, attributes, and consequences. This enhanced understanding of stigma among women living with HCV has the potential to inform improved and more effective approaches to care, which will be required to reach HCV elimination. Furthermore, this analysis identifies stigma layering and stigma in the direct-acting antiviral treatment era as areas for more in-depth future inquiry.
Related Links	https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12889-024-20131-6.pdf
Ending Page	9
Page Count	9
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-024-20131-6
Journal	BMC Public Health
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-09-28
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Public Health Medicine Epidemiology Biostatistics Vaccine Environmental Health Hepatitis C virus Stigma Women Medicine/Public Health
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Journal Impact Factor	3.5/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.9/2023

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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