NDLI: Health impacts of lifestyle and ambient air pollution patterns on all-cause mortality: a UK Biobank cohort study

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Pu, Lining Zhu, Yongbin Shi, Xiaojuan Wang, Huihui Pan, Degong He, Xiaoxue Zhang, Xue Wang, Liqun Liu, Xiaojuan He, Shulan Sun, Xian Li, Jiangping
Abstract	Background Extensive evidence indicates that both lifestyle factors and air pollution are strongly associated with all-cause mortality. However, little studies in this field have integrated these two factors in order to examine their relationship with mortality and explore potential interactions. Methods A cohort of 271,075 participants from the UK Biobank underwent analysis. Lifestyles in terms of five modifiable factors, namely smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, diet, and sleep quality, were classified as unhealthy (0–1 score), general (2–3 score), and healthy (4–5 score). Air pollution, including particle matter with a diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), particulate matter with a diameter ≤ 10 μm (PM10), particulate matter with a diameter 2.5–10 μm (PM2.5−10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx), was divided into three levels (high, moderate, and low) using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to examine the links between lifestyle, air pollution, and all-cause mortality before and after adjustment for potential confounders. Restricted cubic spline curves featuring three knots were incorporated to determine nonlinear relationships. The robustness of the findings was assessed via subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Results With unhealthy lifestyles have a significantly enhanced risk of death compared to people with general lifestyles (HR = 1.315, 95% CI, 1.277–1.355), while people with healthy lifestyles have a significantly lower risk of death (HR = 0.821, 95% CI, 0.785–0.858). Notably, the difference in risk between moderate air pollution and mortality risk remained insignificant (HR = 0.993, 95% CI, 0.945–1.044). High air pollution, on the other hand, was independently linked to increased mortality risk as compared to low air pollution (HR = 1.162, 95% CI, 1.124–1.201). The relationship between NOx, PM10, and PM2.5−10 and all-cause mortality was found to be nonlinear (p for nonlinearity < 0.05). Furthermore, no significant interaction was identified between lifestyle and air pollution with respect to all-cause mortality. Conclusions Exposure to ambient air pollution elevated the likelihood of mortality from any cause, which was impacted by individual lifestyles. To alleviate this hazard, it is crucial for authorities to escalate environmental interventions, while individuals should proactively embrace and sustain healthy lifestyles.
Related Links	https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12889-024-19183-5.pdf
Ending Page	10
Page Count	10
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-024-19183-5
Journal	BMC Public Health
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-06-25
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Public Health Medicine Epidemiology Biostatistics Vaccine Environmental Health Air pollution Lifestyle All-cause mortality Latent profile analysis Medicine/Public Health
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Journal Impact Factor	3.5/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.9/2023

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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