NDLI: Magnetic Pattern Recognition Sensor Arrays using CCD Readout

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Nixon, O. Nathan, Arokia
Copyright Year	1995
Description	Author affiliation: Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada (Nixon, O) \|\| Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; Physical Electronics Laboratory, ETH Hoenggerberg, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland (Nathan, Arokia)
Abstract	Magnetic encoding is currently widely employed in cheques, transaction cards, access cards and bank notes because of its robustness, economy, security, and ease of updating coded information. Coded magnetic information is currently read using either inductive metal-in-gap (MIG) or magnetoresistive (MR) $heads.^{1)}$ Due to various loss mechanisms, the signal-to-noise ratio of MIG heads peaks at around 100 kHz, decreasing rapidly at higher frequencies. The fabrication of both the MIG $head^{2)}$ as well as the accompanying signal processing $circuitry^{3)}$ is also non-trivial. MR heads provide higher SNR and signals that are independent of spatial frequency. They are however fragile, non-linear, and have a high temperature coefficient In cheques and bank notes, human-readable magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) characters are employed. Each MICR character has been designed to produce a distinct inductive head signal pattern. Unlike magnetic stripes, MICR characters signals are not binary when read using conventional read heads, resulting in increased read error rates. To avoid costly misreads, a closely spaced array of magnetic sensors can be utilized. Fabrication of read head arrays is, however, difficult in both technologies. A silicon magnetic sensor array fabricated using the charge-coupled device (CCD) technology has been designed to overcome these limitations. The magnetic sensor pixels are buried-channel MOSFET's with geometries designed to optimize magnetic sensitivity. The use of buried-channel, as opposed to surface-channel, MOSFET's results in enhanced sensitivity, lower noise, and higher signal resolution.
Starting Page	273
Ending Page	276
File Size	1669556
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	286332182X
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1995-09-25
Publisher Place	The Netherlands
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Editions Frontieres
Subject Keyword	Sensor arrays Pattern recognition Magnetic sensors Charge coupled devices Magnetic heads Frequency Fabrication Space technology Encoding Robustness
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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