Please wait, while we are loading the content...
Please wait, while we are loading the content...
| Content Provider | IEEE Xplore Digital Library | 
|---|---|
| Copyright Year | 2008 | 
| Abstract | The transparent conducting oxide (TCO) coated glass substrates are widely used as front electrode in thin film Photovoltaic (PV) solar cells. The TCO film is deposited by Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) technique using various liquid chemicals namely water (HO), methanol (CHCOOH), Hydrofluoric acid (HF), Tin Tetrachloride (SnCl) etc. All these chemicals are vaporized using non-openable SS bubblers (sealed through welding joints). Quite often, it is observed that during the deposition process of TCO film, the Tin tetrachloride (SnCl) bubbler get chocked inside due to formation of particulate material at the outlet of bubbler and as well as at the diffuser bulb. In addition to this, various pipe joints that are welded on the top of the bubbler, also get corroded over a period of time and start leaking. As the bubbler is a sealed container, it is virtually impossible to remove the particulate material form the bubbler. Especially during the process, if the bubbler gets chocked, the process gets interrupted. To clean the bubbler, expensive SnCl liquid has to be drained out through SS tubes to glass bottles by pressurizing the bubbler. This is a cumbersome exercise. Invariably some vapours do come out and cause corrosion, as SnCl spontaneously reacts with air and produces HCl vapours. These HCl vapours attack all the SS pipelines carrying other process gases and their associated heater assemblies, the SS valves, thin-walled bellows and even the metallic portions of the mass flow controllers which get corroded over a period of time and become useless. This causes loss of time and money. To circumvent this problem, a new bubbler has been designed without welding any SS pipe to the metal flange and sealing with viton ‘O’ ring has been provided between the two SS flanges. Acid resistant PFA (perfluoroalkoxy) valves have been used in place of SS valves. One PFA pipefitting has been suitably modified for fixing and sealing the new improved diffuser bulb and tube made of Teflon material. Objective of the present work is to design a weld free, openable SS bubbler sealed with ‘O’ ring, with corrosion free Teflon tubing & PFA valves, compatible for various corrosive liquids at temperatures less than 100°C, for trouble free operation. | 
| Starting Page | 1 | 
| Ending Page | 3 | 
| File Size | 1741562 | 
| Page Count | 3 | 
| File Format | |
| ISBN | 9781424416400 | 
| ISSN | 01608371 | 
| DOI | 10.1109/PVSC.2008.4922516 | 
| Language | English | 
| Publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) | 
| Publisher Date | 2008-05-11 | 
| Publisher Place | USA | 
| Access Restriction | Subscribed | 
| Rights Holder | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) | 
| Subject Keyword | Chemical vapor deposition Welding Valves Tin Sealing materials Corrosion Flanges Glass Substrates Electrodes | 
| Content Type | Text | 
| Subject | Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Control and Systems Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering | 
National Digital Library of India (NDLI) is a virtual repository of learning resources which is not just a repository with search/browse facilities but provides a host of services for the learner community. It is sponsored and mentored by Ministry of Education, Government of India, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT). Filtered and federated searching is employed to facilitate focused searching so that learners can find the right resource with least effort and in minimum time. NDLI provides user group-specific services such as Examination Preparatory for School and College students and job aspirants. Services for Researchers and general learners are also provided. NDLI is designed to hold content of any language and provides interface support for 10 most widely used Indian languages. It is built to provide support for all academic levels including researchers and life-long learners, all disciplines, all popular forms of access devices and differently-abled learners. It is designed to enable people to learn and prepare from best practices from all over the world and to facilitate researchers to perform inter-linked exploration from multiple sources. It is developed, operated and maintained from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur.
Learn more about this project from here.
NDLI is a conglomeration of freely available or institutionally contributed or donated or publisher managed contents. Almost all these contents are hosted and accessed from respective sources. The responsibility for authenticity, relevance, completeness, accuracy, reliability and suitability of these contents rests with the respective organization and NDLI has no responsibility or liability for these. Every effort is made to keep the NDLI portal up and running smoothly unless there are some unavoidable technical issues.
					
					Ministry of Education, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT), has sponsored and funded the National Digital Library of India (NDLI) project.
| Sl. | Authority | Responsibilities | Communication Details | 
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education  | 
							Sanctioning Authority | https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives | 
| 2 | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project | https://www.iitkgp.ac.in | 
| 3 | National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project | Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in | 
| 4 | Project PI / Joint PI | Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project | 
								
								 Dr. B. Sutradhar  bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon  | 
						
| 5 | Website/Portal (Helpdesk) | Queries regarding NDLI and its services | support@ndl.gov.in | 
| 6 | Contents and Copyright Issues | Queries related to content curation and copyright issues | content@ndl.gov.in | 
| 7 | National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club) | Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach | clubsupport@ndl.gov.in | 
| 8 | Digital Preservation Centre (DPC) | Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books | dpc@ndl.gov.in | 
| 9 | IDR Setup or Support | Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops | idr@ndl.gov.in | 
| 
                             
                                Loading...
                             
                         |