NDLI: Early gene expression changes in the retinal ganglion cell layer of a rat glaucoma model.

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Early gene expression changes in the retinal ganglion cell layer of a rat glaucoma model.

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Early gene expression changes in the retinal ganglion cell layer of a rat glaucoma model.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Dyck, Jennifer A. Cepurna, William O. Guo, Ying Johnson, Elaine C. Doser, Tom Morrison, John C.
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Guo Y ( Kenneth C. Swan Ocular Neurobiology Laboratory, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.)
Abstract	PURPOSE: To identify patterns of early gene expression changes in the retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL) of a rodent model of chronic glaucoma. METHODS: Prolonged elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) was produced in rats by episcleral vein injection of hypertonic saline (N = 30). GCLs isolated by laser capture microdissection were grouped by grading of the nerve injury (<25% axon degeneration for early injury; >25% for advanced injury). Gene expression was determined by cDNA microarray of independent GCL RNA samples. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to further examine the expression of selected genes. RESULTS: By array analysis, 533 GCL genes (225 up, 308 down) were significantly regulated in early injury. Compared to only one major upregulated gene class of metabolism regulation, more were downregulated, including mitochondria, ribosome, proteasome, energy pathways, protein synthesis, protein folding, and synaptic transmission. qPCR confirmed an early upregulation of Atf3. With advanced injury, 1790 GCL genes were significantly regulated (997 up, 793 down). Altered gene categories included upregulated protein synthesis, immune response, and cell apoptosis and downregulated dendrite morphogenesis and axon extension. Of all the early changed genes, 50% were not present in advanced injury. These uniquely affected genes were mainly associated with upregulated transcription regulation and downregulated protein synthesis. CONCLUSIONS: Early GCL gene responses to pressure-induced injury are characterized by an upregulation of Atf3 and extensive downregulation in genes associated with cellular metabolism and neuronal functions. Most likely, these changes represent those specific to RGCs and are thus potentially important for enhancing RGC survival in glaucoma.
ISSN	01460404
e-ISSN	15525783
DOI	10.1167/iovs.10-5930
Journal	Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	52
Language	English
Publisher	Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
Publisher Date	2011-03-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Disease Models, Animal Eye Proteins Genetics Gene Expression Regulation Physiology Glaucoma Optic Nerve Injuries Metabolism Retinal Ganglion Cells Animals Chronic Disease Intraocular Pressure Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis Rats, Inbred Bn Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Discipline Ophthalmology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ophthalmology Sensory Systems Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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