NDLI: Disruption of either the E1 or the E2 regulatory gene of human papillomavirus type 16 increases viral immortalization capacity.

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Disruption of either the E1 or the E2 regulatory gene of human papillomavirus type 16 increases viral immortalization capacity.

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Disruption of either the E1 or the E2 regulatory gene of human papillomavirus type 16 increases viral immortalization capacity.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Howley, P. M. Romanczuk, H.
Description	Author Affiliation: Romanczuk H ( Laboratory of Tumor Virus Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.);
Abstract	The 'high-risk' human papillomavirus types 16 (HPV-16) and 18 (HPV-18) have been etiologically implicated in the majority of human cervical carcinomas. In these cancers, the viral DNAs are often integrated into the host genome so that expression of the E1 and the E2 genes is lost, suggesting that disruption of these regulatory genes plays an important role in carcinogenic progression. Previous studies defining the viral genes affecting HPV-16 transformation functions have used the 'prototype' viral genome, which was cloned from a human cervical carcinoma and later discovered to harbor a mutation in the E1 gene. In this study, we have corrected this mutation and have evaluated the effect of mutations of either the E1 or the E2 gene on the efficiency of HPV-16 immortalization of human keratinocytes. Mutation of either the E1 gene or the E2 gene in the background of a 'wild-type' HPV-16 genome markedly increased immortalization capacity. Mutations were also generated in the E2-binding sites located upstream of the P97 promoter, which directs synthesis of the viral E6 and E7 transforming genes. E2 negatively regulates the P97 promoter through binding at adjacent sites. Surprisingly, the mutation of these sites only partially relieved the negative effect of E2 on viral immortalization, implicating additional mechanisms in the E2 repression of viral immortalization functions. Our results provide genetic evidence that the E1 and E2 gene products each can repress HPV-16 immortalization and support the hypothesis that a selective growth advantage is provided by integration of the viral genome in a manner that causes the loss of expression of either E1 or E2.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	7
Volume Number	89
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1992-05-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Cell Transformation, Viral DNA-Binding Proteins Genes, Regulator Genes, Viral Oncogene Proteins, Viral Physiology Papillomaviridae Genetics Viral Structural Proteins DNA, Viral In Vitro Techniques Keratinocytes Microbiology Molecular Sequence Data Mutation Pathogenicity Promoter Regions, Genetic Repressor Proteins Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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