Please wait, while we are loading the content...
| Content Provider | IEEE Xplore Digital Library |
|---|---|
| Author | Khandelwal, R. Windgassen, H. van Molken, J. Pletzer, T.M. Kurz, H. |
| Copyright Year | 2013 |
| Description | Author affiliation: Inst. of Semicond. Electron., RWTH Aachen Univ., Aachen, Germany (Khandelwal, R.; Windgassen, H.; van Molken, J.; Pletzer, T.M.; Kurz, H.) |
| Abstract | Significant improvement in screen-printing technology and the advancement in commercial Ag pastes has attracted considerable attention of PV community due to the possibility to contact lowly doped emitters to boost cell efficiencies without need of complex processing steps and device structures (eg. selective emitter solar cell). In this paper, our focus is on high ohmic emitters $(R_{sheet}$ ~ 100 Ω/sq.) formed using different approaches. These emitters possess either high doping level $(N_{s}$ ~ 2.5 × $10^{20}$ $cm^{-3})$ and are shallow in depth or a very low doping level $(N_{s}$ ~ 1.6 × $10^{19}$ $cm^{-3})$ and are deeper/Gaussian in nature. Thermal oxidation processes have been used to optimise such emitter profiles. Hence emitter formation and passivation was accomplished in a single step. By changing the oxidation temperature surface concentration significantly decreases while the emitter depth increases. The solar cells of this investigation were fabricated on large area p-type Cz-Si wafers and have been screen-printed with commercially available Ag paste at front and full area Al-BSF at rear. Despite the low doping levels, all solar cells found to have a very good ohmic contact (FF > 78%). The highest cell efficiency for this simple and low cost approach, featuring low temperature oxide (LTO) and $SiN_{x}$ stack at front is 18,33% with a $V_{oc}$ of 640 mV, $J_{sc}$ of 37,03 $mA/cm^{2}$ and a fill factor of 79,14%. |
| Sponsorship | IEEE Electron Devices Soc. |
| Starting Page | 2217 |
| Ending Page | 2220 |
| File Size | 519390 |
| Page Count | 4 |
| File Format | |
| DOI | 10.1109/PVSC.2013.6744916 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Publisher Date | 2013-06-16 |
| Publisher Place | USA |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Rights Holder | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Subject Keyword | Photovoltaic cells Oxidation Temperature measurement Silicon Passivation Standards silicon Dry oxidation phosphorous emitters screen-printed contacts photovoltaic cells |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
National Digital Library of India (NDLI) is a virtual repository of learning resources which is not just a repository with search/browse facilities but provides a host of services for the learner community. It is sponsored and mentored by Ministry of Education, Government of India, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT). Filtered and federated searching is employed to facilitate focused searching so that learners can find the right resource with least effort and in minimum time. NDLI provides user group-specific services such as Examination Preparatory for School and College students and job aspirants. Services for Researchers and general learners are also provided. NDLI is designed to hold content of any language and provides interface support for 10 most widely used Indian languages. It is built to provide support for all academic levels including researchers and life-long learners, all disciplines, all popular forms of access devices and differently-abled learners. It is designed to enable people to learn and prepare from best practices from all over the world and to facilitate researchers to perform inter-linked exploration from multiple sources. It is developed, operated and maintained from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur.
Learn more about this project from here.
NDLI is a conglomeration of freely available or institutionally contributed or donated or publisher managed contents. Almost all these contents are hosted and accessed from respective sources. The responsibility for authenticity, relevance, completeness, accuracy, reliability and suitability of these contents rests with the respective organization and NDLI has no responsibility or liability for these. Every effort is made to keep the NDLI portal up and running smoothly unless there are some unavoidable technical issues.
Ministry of Education, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT), has sponsored and funded the National Digital Library of India (NDLI) project.
| Sl. | Authority | Responsibilities | Communication Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education |
Sanctioning Authority | https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives |
| 2 | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project | https://www.iitkgp.ac.in |
| 3 | National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project | Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in |
| 4 | Project PI / Joint PI | Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project |
Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon |
| 5 | Website/Portal (Helpdesk) | Queries regarding NDLI and its services | support@ndl.gov.in |
| 6 | Contents and Copyright Issues | Queries related to content curation and copyright issues | content@ndl.gov.in |
| 7 | National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club) | Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach | clubsupport@ndl.gov.in |
| 8 | Digital Preservation Centre (DPC) | Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books | dpc@ndl.gov.in |
| 9 | IDR Setup or Support | Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops | idr@ndl.gov.in |
|
Loading...
|