NDLI: Harvesting the highest power from tiny electrostatic transducers with CMOS circuits

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Cowan, J.J. Rincon-Mora, G.A.
Copyright Year	2014
Description	Author affiliation: Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Georgia Inst. of Technol., Atlanta, GA, USA (Cowan, J.J.; Rincon-Mora, G.A.)
Abstract	Although energy in vibrations is often vast, the electrostatic force with which tiny variable capacitors draw power from motion is miniscule, so output power is low. Thankfully, extracting energy at higher voltages generates more power because the electrical damping force that impedes motion to draw power is stronger. Clamping the transducer to a battery is convenient in this respect, but limiting because battery voltages are low. Using a capacitor to clamp the transducer to a higher voltage is better, but only to the extent that capacitance keeps that voltage from reaching the breakdown level of the switches. In fact, when neglecting parasitic power losses in the switches and the controller, a grounded clamping capacitor can yield up to 100% of the theoretical maximum power, and up to 87% with 2.5 nF, 15-V switches, and a 3.3-V battery from a 30-250-pF transducer at 27.6 Hz. Under similar conditions, this paper also shows that battery-clamped and asynchronous and stacked capacitor-clamped systems generate 4%, 17%, and 53%.
Starting Page	334
Ending Page	337
File Size	461123
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781479941346
ISSN	15483746
e-ISBN	9781479941322
DOI	10.1109/MWSCAS.2014.6908420
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2014-08-03
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Clamps Electrostatics Capacitors Batteries Reactive power Vibrations Damping damping force Energy-harvesting charger switched inductor maximum output power electrostatic transducer
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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