NDLI: Spatial redefinition of ultrasound pressure fields using polycarbonate lenses: Model and experimental validation

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Rolfsnes, H.O. McLean, D.A. Campbell, P.A.
Copyright Year	2009
Description	Author affiliation: Carnegie Physics Laboratory, University of Dundee, Scotland, UK (Rolfsnes, H.O.; McLean, D.A.; Campbell, P.A.)
Abstract	Exposure of cells and tissues to an ultrasound field is well known to elicit bioeffects when the pressures employed exceed some threshold value. Previous studies have shown that biological outcomes such as apoptosis, necrosis, as well as molecular uptake processes, can all be induced using particular pressure regimes. Moreover, the ready facility to focus ultrasound extracorporeally using curved tranducers has led to the realization that clinically relevant targets such as tumors: even those at deep seated anatomical locations; can be effectively treated via a non-invasive ultrasonic protocol. One can imagine that targets [notionally small tumours] could easily vary in size, and therefore that a single transducer would not necessarily be able to produce a focal region that covers the full target extent without resorting to some more elaborate protocol. One suggestion might be to move the transducer controllably in order to shift the focus in 3D and thus cover a larger area of the target with an appropriate exposure. Alternatively, different transducers could be employed for different target sizes, or one could choose the very flexible but expensive option of phased arrays, which allows automatic and programmable 3D spatio-temporal control of the pressure field. A further [relatively inexpensive] method is to make a single, focused transducer more versatile by incorporating ultrasonic lenses to modify pressure field distribution. For the purposes of the present work, we have investigated this latter route with a view to exploiting it as an alternative to high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for treatment, and with a main aim of reducing collateral damage arising from iatrogenic heating.
Starting Page	2344
Ending Page	2346
File Size	1661656
Page Count	3
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424443895
ISSN	19485727
DOI	10.1109/ULTSYM.2009.5441847
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2009-09-20
Publisher Place	Italy
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Ultrasonic imaging Lenses Ultrasonic transducers Protocols Automatic control Phased arrays Biological system modeling Neoplasms Tumors Pressure control lenses Ultrasound bioeffect transducers
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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