NDLI: The protective role of sex hormones in females and exercise prehabilitation in males on sternotomy-induced cranial hypoperfusion in aortic-banded mini-swine.

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The protective role of sex hormones in females and exercise prehabilitation in males on sternotomy-induced cranial hypoperfusion in aortic-banded mini-swine.

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The protective role of sex hormones in females and exercise prehabilitation in males on sternotomy-induced cranial hypoperfusion in aortic-banded mini-swine.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Olver, T. Dylan Hiemstra, Jessica A. Edwards, Jenna C. Ferguson, Brian S. Laughlin, Harold Emter, Craig A.
Description	Author Affiliation: Olver TD ( University of Missouri tdylanolver@gmail.com.); Hiemstra JA ( University of Missouri- Columbia.); Edwards JC ( University of Missouri-Columbia.); Ferguson BS ( University of missouri.); Laughlin H ( University of Missouri.); Emter CA ( University of Missouri- Columbia.)
Abstract	During cardiac surgery, specifically sternotomy, cranial hypoperfusion is linked to cerebral ischemia, increased risk of perioperative watershed stroke and other neurocognitive complications. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively examine the effect of sex hormones in females and exercise prehabilitation in males on median sternotomy-induced changes in cranial perfusion in a large animal model of heart failure. Cranial blood flow (CBF) before, 10- and 60 min post-sternotomy was analyzed in eight groups of Yucatan mini-swine: female-control, aortic-banded, ovariectomized, and ovariectomized+aortic-banded; male-control, aortic-banded, aortic-banded+continuous exercise trained, and aortic-banded+interval exercise trained. A median sternotomy decreased cranial perfusion during surgery in all pigs (~24±2% relative to baseline; P≤0.05). Cranial blood flow was 30±7% lower across all time points in all females vs. all males (P≤0.05) and sternotomy decreased cranial perfusion (P≤0.05) independent of sex (females=34±3% and males=14±3%) and aortic-banding (intact control=31±5% and intact aortic-banded=31±4%). Cranial blood flow recovery at 60 min tended to be better in females vs. males (relative to 10-min post-sternotomy, females=23±13% vs. males=-1±5%), and intact aortic-banded vs. control pigs (relative to 10-min post-sternotomy, aortic-banded=43±20% vs. control=6±16%; P≤0.05) at 60 min post-surgery. Ovariectomy impaired CBF recovery during cranial reperfusion 60 min following sternotomy (relative to baseline, all intact females=-1±9% vs. all ovariectomized females=-15±4%; P≤0.05). Chronic exercise training completely prevented significant sternotomy-induced cranial hypoperfusion independent of aortic-banding (sternotomy-induced deficit, all sedentary males=-24±6% vs. all exercise trained males=-7±3%; P≤0.05). Female sex hormones protected against impaired CBF recovery during reperfusion, while chronic exercise training prevented sternotomy-induced cranial hypoperfusion despite cardiac pressure-overload.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	87507587
e-ISSN	15221601
Journal	Journal of Applied Physiology
Language	English
Publisher	American Physiological Society
Publisher Date	2016-12-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Applied Physiology Molecular Biology Biochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Physiology (medical) Sports Science

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