NDLI: Case Studies in Physiology: Ventilation and perfusion in a giraffe - does size matter?

Please wait, while we are loading the content...

Year: 2017 Volume: 122

Year: 2016 Volume: 121

Year: 2016 Volume: 120

Beta 1-blockade increases maximal apnea duration in elite breath hold divers.

Comparing anesthesia with isoflurane and fentanyl/fluanisone/midazolam in a rat model of cardiac arrest.

Regional Tidal Lung Strain in Mechanically Ventilated Normal Lungs.

A single dose of histamine-receptor antagonists prior to downhill running alters markers of muscle damage and delayed onset muscle soreness.

Connective tissue regeneration in skeletal muscle after eccentric contraction-induced injury.

Mast cell degranulation and de novo histamine formation contribute to sustained post-exercise vasodilation in humans.

The impact of post exercise essential amino acid ingestion on the ubiquitin proteasome and autophagosomal-lysosomal systems in skeletal muscle of older men.

'Tighter fit' theory - physiologists explain why 'higher altitude' and jugular occlusion are unlikely to reduce risks for sports concussion and brain injuries.

A time for exercise: the exercise window.

Strain heterogeneity in the injured lung: cause or consequence?

Case Studies in Physiology: Ventilation and perfusion in a giraffe - does size matter?

Skeletal muscle power and fatigue at the tolerable limit of ramp-incremental exercise in COPD.

State-dependent and -independent effects of dialyzing excitatory neuromodulator receptor antagonists into the ventral respiratory column.

Viewpoint: Anemia contributes to cardiovascular disease through reductions in nitric oxide.

Human skeletal muscle wasting in hypoxia: a matter of hypoxic dose?

Similar mitochondrial signaling responses to a single bout of continuous or small-sided-games-based exercise in sedentary men.

Skeletal muscle and resistance exercise training; the role of protein synthesis in recovery and remodelling.

Case Studies in Physiology: The Case of the Giant Giraffe.

Renal sympathetic denervation attenuates hypertension and vascular remodeling in renovascular hypertensive rats.

REGIONAL GAS TRANSPORT IN THE HETEROGENEOUS LUNG DURING OSCILLATORY VENTILATION.

ADRENODEMEDULLATION ACTIVATES THE Ca2+-DEPENDENT PROTEOLYSIS IN SOLEUS MUSCLES FROM RATS EXPOSED TO COLD.

THE BLOOD PRESSURE REDUCTION AFTER GASTRIC BYPASS SURGERY IS EXPLAINED BY A DECREASE IN CARDIAC OUTPUT.

Intermittent hypobaric hypoxia combined with aerobic exercise improves muscle morphofunctional recovery after eccentric exercise to exhaustion in trained rats.

THE RESERVOIR-WAVE APPROACH TO CHARACTERIZE PULMONARY VASCULAR-RIGHT VENTRICULAR INTERACTIONS IN MAN.

Non-invasive Assessment of Cardiac Output by Brachial Cuff Technique; Comparison to the Open Circuit Acetylene Washin Method.

Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and impaired insulin stimulated blood flow: role of skeletal muscle NO synthase and endothelin-1.

Flow Velocity is Relatively Uniform in the Coronary Sinusal Venous Tree: Structure-Function Relation.

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation prior to pre-sleep protein feeding stimulates the use of protein-derived amino acids for overnight muscle protein synthesis.

Effect of sodium nitrite on local control of contracting skeletal muscle microvascular oxygen pressure in healthy rats.

A pilot study examining the impact of exercise training on skeletal muscle genes related to the TLR signaling pathway in older adults following hip fracture.

Oxidative Phosphorylation: Unique regulatory mechanism and role in metabolic homeostasis.

Blunted increases in skin sympathetic nerve activity are related to attenuated reflex vasodilation in aged human skin.

Effect of Hypohydration on Thermoregulatory Responses in Males with Low and High Body Fat Exercising in the Heat.

Post-exercise muscle glycogen resynthesis in humans.

Nasal High Flow therapy reduces work of breathing compared to oxygen during sleep in COPD and smoking controls - prospective observational study.

INTERMITTENT PARATHYROID HORMONE ADMINISTRATION ATTENUATES ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN OLD RATS.

Could small-diameter muscle afferents be responsible for the ergogenic effect of limb ischemic preconditioning?

A Translational Cellular Model to Study the Impact of High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV) on Human Epithelial Cell Function.

Resistance training with instability is more effective than resistance training in improving spinal inhibitory mechanisms in Parkinson's disease.

Habitual aerobic exercise does not protect against micro- or macrovascular endothelial dysfunction in healthy estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women.

SINGLE PASSIVE LEG MOVEMENT INDUCED-HYPEREMIA: A SIMPLE VASCULAR FUNCTION ASSESSMENT WITHOUT A CHRONOTROPIC RESPONSE.

Pulmonary vascular collagen content, not cross-linking, contributes to right ventricular pulsatile afterload and overload in early pulmonary hypertension.

Rates of performance loss and neuromuscular activity in men and women during cycling: evidence for a common metabolic basis of muscle fatigue.

Effect of increased and maintained frequency of speed endurance training on performance and muscle adaptations in runners.

Nasal High Flow Reduces Dead Space.

Highlighted Topics: Recovery from Exercise: Recovery Responses of Testosterone, Growth Hormone, and IGF-1 after Resistance Exercise.

Relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and endogenous carbon monoxide.

Confidence in the Curve: Establishing Instantaneous Cost Mapping Techniques using Bilateral Ankle Exoskeletons.

Central and peripheral responses to static and dynamic stretch of skeletal muscle: mechano- and metabo-reflex implications.

THE EFFECT OF OBESITY ON THE CONTRACTILE PERFORMANCE OF ISOLATED MOUSE SOLEUS, EDL AND DIAPHRAGM MUSCLES.

Non-destructive cryo micro CT imaging enables structural and molecular analysis of human lung tissue.

A mechanistic physicochemical model of carbon dioxide transport in blood.

Restoration of thermoregulation after exercise.

Aerobic exercise in humans mobilizes HSC in an intensity dependent manner.

The effect of alternate-day caloric restriction on the metabolic consequences of eight days' bed rest in healthy lean men: a randomized trial.

Sex-based difference in Achilles peritendinous levels of matrix metalloproteinases and growth factors after acute resistance exercise.

Sarcomeric protein modification during adrenergic stress enhances cross-bridge kinetics and cardiac output.

Recovery of the immune system after exercise.

Unique cytokine and chemokine responses to exertional heat stroke in mice.

Castration Alters Protein Balance Following High Frequency Muscle Contraction.

Divergent outcomes of fructose consumption on exercise capacity of rats: friend or foe.

Vascular function and Endothelin-1: Tipping the Balance between Vasodilation and Vasoconstriction.

The protective role of sex hormones in females and exercise prehabilitation in males on sternotomy-induced cranial hypoperfusion in aortic-banded mini-swine.

Influence of dietary nitrate supplementation on physiological and muscle metabolic adaptations to sprint interval training.

CORP: Minimizing the Chances of False Positives and False Negatives.

Cores of Reproducibility in Physiology (CORP): Advancing the corpus of physiological knowledge.

Coupling of EIT with computational lung modeling for predicting patient-specific ventilatory responses.

A LED-based phosphorimeter for measurement of microcirculatory oxygen pressure.

Are there sex differences in the capillary blood volume and diffusing capacity response to exercise?

Metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle after 84 days bed rest with and without concurrent flywheel resistance exercise.

The effects of voluntary exercise and prazosin on capillary rarefaction and metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats.

Recovery of central and peripheral neuromuscular fatigue after exercise.

Suite of Clinically Relevant Functional Assays to Address Therapeutic Efficacy and Disease Mechanism in the Dystrophic mdx Mouse.

Adjustments with running speed reveal neuromuscular adaptations during landing associated with high mileage running training.

Tendon collagen synthesis declines with immobilization in elderly humans: no effect of anti-inflammatory medication.

Trans-spinal direct current stimulation modulates migration and proliferation of adult newly-born spinal cells in mice.

Acute intermittent hypoxia in rats activates muscle proteolytic pathways through a glucocorticoid-dependent mechanism.

Accelerated deflation promotes homogeneous airspace liquid distribution in the edematous lung.

Exposure-response modeling of flow-mediated dilation provides an unbiased and informative measure of endothelial function.

B-type natriuretic peptide increases cortisol and catecholamine concentrations in healthy subjects.

Melatonin protects against uric acid-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and triglyceride accumulation in C2C12 myotubes.

Year: 2015 Volume: 119

Year: 2015 Volume: 118

Year: 2014 Volume: 117

Year: 2014 Volume: 116

Year: 2013 Volume: 115

Year: 2013 Volume: 114

Year: 2012 Volume: 113

Year: 2012 Volume: 112

Year: 2011 Volume: 111

Year: 2011 Volume: 110

Year: 2010 Volume: 109

Year: 2010 Volume: 108

Year: 2009 Volume: 107

Year: 2009 Volume: 106

Year: 2008 Volume: 105

Year: 2008 Volume: 104

Year: 2007 Volume: 103

Year: 2007 Volume: 102

Year: 2006 Volume: 101

Year: 2006 Volume: 100

Year: 2005 Volume: 99

Year: 2005 Volume: 98

Year: 2004 Volume: 97

Year: 2004 Volume: 96

Year: 2003 Volume: 95

Year: 2002 Volume: 93

Year: 2002 Volume: 92

Year: 2000 Volume: 89

Year: 2000 Volume: 88

Year: 1991 Volume: 70

Case Studies in Physiology: Ventilation and perfusion in a giraffe - does size matter?

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Nyman, Gorel Röken, Bengt Hedin, Eva-Maria Hedenstierna, Goran
Description	Author Affiliation: Nyman G ( Dept of Clinical Sciences.); Röken B ( Kolmården Wild Animal Park, Kolmården, Sweden.); Hedin EM ( Dept of Medical Sciences, Cardiology-Arrhythmia.); Hedenstierna G ( Uppsala Universitet goran.hedenstierna@medsci.uu.se.)
Abstract	The trachea in the giraffe is long but narrow and dead space ventilation is in general considered to be of similar size as in other mammals. Less is known about matching of ventilation and lung blood flow. The lungs are large, up to 1 m high and 0.7 m wide, that may cause considerable ventilation/perfusion (VA/Q) mis-match by the influence of gravitational forces, leading to hypoxemia. We studied a young giraffe under anesthesia utilizing multiple inert gas elimination technique to analyze VA/Q distribution and arterial oxygenation and compared the results with other species of different sizes, including man. The VA/Q distribution was broad but unimodal and shunt, i.e blood flow through non-ventilated lung regions, was essentially absent, suggesting no lung collapse. The VA/Q match was as good as in similarly sized horse and was even comparable to that of smaller sized animals, including rabbit and rat. The match was also similar to that in anesthetized man. Arterial oxygenation was essentially similar in all studied species. The findings suggest that the efficiency of ventilation-perfusion matching is independent of lung size in mammals that vary in weight from less than one to more than 400 kg.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	87507587
e-ISSN	15221601
Journal	Journal of Applied Physiology
Language	English
Publisher	American Physiological Society
Publisher Date	2016-09-22
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Applied Physiology Molecular Biology Biochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Physiology (medical) Sports Science

Central Library (ISO-9001:2015 Certified)
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Kharagpur, West Bengal, India | PIN - 721302

See location in the Map
03222 282435
Mail: support@ndl.gov.in

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in