NDLI: Daytime water detection based on color variation

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Rankin, A. Matthies, L.
Copyright Year	2010
Description	Author affiliation: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, 91109 USA (Rankin, A.; Matthies, L.)
Abstract	Robust water detection is a critical perception requirement for unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) autonomous navigation. This is particularly true in wide open areas where water can collect in naturally occurring terrain depressions during periods of heavy precipitation and form large water bodies (such as ponds). At far range, reflections of the sky provide a strong cue for water. But at close range, the color coming out of a water body dominates sky reflections and the water cue from sky reflections is of marginal use. We model this behavior by using water body intensity data from multiple frames of RGB imagery to estimate the total reflection coefficient contribution from surface reflections and the combination of all other factors. We then describe an algorithm that uses one of the color cameras in a forward-looking, UGV-mounted stereo-vision perception system to detect water bodies in wide open areas. This detector exploits the knowledge that the change in saturation-to-brightness ratio across a water body from the leading to trailing edge is uniform and distinct from other terrain types. In test sequences approaching a pond under clear, overcast, and cloudy sky conditions, the true positive and false negative water detection rates were (95.76%, 96.71%, 98.77%) and (0.45%, 0.60%, 0.62%), respectively. This software has been integrated on an experimental unmanned vehicle and field tested at Ft. Indiantown Gap, PA, USA.
Starting Page	215
Ending Page	221
File Size	1819267
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424466740
ISSN	21530866
e-ISBN	9781424466764
DOI	10.1109/IROS.2010.5650402
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2010-10-18
Publisher Place	Taiwan
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Reflection Image color analysis Cameras Pixel Brightness Sensors Image edge detection
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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