NDLI: Central pontine myelinolysis with meticulous correction of hyponatraemia in chronic alcoholics.

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A case presentation of a pulmonary complication of ulcerative colitis.

The role of positron emission tomography/CT in hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy in children.

Even 'safe' medications need to be administered with care.

Three cases of severely disseminated Staphylococcus aureus infection in patients treated with tocilizumab.

Multidisciplinary management of ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency in pregnancy: essential to prevent hyperammonemic complications.

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia presenting with galactorrhoea.

The shadow of vessels masquerading as a lung mass.

Primary amenorrhoea due to a rare cause: epidermolysis bullosa causing haematometra.

Gingival pain: an unusual side effect of ziprasidone.

Visual impairment and posterior cortical atrophy preceding rapid progressive dementia.

Cardio-vocal syndrome.

Walking unsteadily: a case of acute cerebellar ataxia.

Oral squamous papilloma: report of a clinical rarity.

Missing clues for a radiologist.

A 'black stomach' due to ingestion of anhydrous calcium chloride.

Ascitic eruption in an umbilical hernia in cirrhosis.

Paraneoplastic pemphigus presenting with a single oral lesion.

Unusual presentation of a femoral stress fracture.

A left ventricular aneurysm due to an occluded 'end artery' in a rare position mimicking a diverticulum.

Use of MRI to detect duodenal lesion caused by eosinophilic duodenitis.

Management of oral submucous fibrosis by different surgical approaches: report of three cases.

Chronic mesenteric ischaemia: a battery of negative tests in a patient with episodic abdominal pain, weight loss and diarrhoea.

An incidentally detected pelvic kidney in a patient of cervical carcinoma imaged for radiotherapy planning.

Retroperitoneal ancient schwannoma: multidetector CT findings.

Clinically and electrophysiologically diagnosed botulinum intoxication.

Anti-S antibodies: an unusual cause of haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN).

The use of an ex vivo contrast study at the time of surgery to confirm the site of a perforated jejunal diverticulum.

Kawasaki disease resembling acute colitis.

Waking up the healing potential of the bone:subtrochanteric non-union in femoral dysplasia successfully treated after 40 years of pain and disability.

Histological diagnosis of cardiac lipoma in an adult with tuberous sclerosis.

Asymmetric graves ophthalmopathy as a sole manifestation of autoimmune hypothyroidism.

Ulcerative colitis associated with the herbal weight loss Supplementary Hydroxycut.

Perirenal haematoma with Klebsiella pneumonia pyelonephritis.

Clinically malignant atypical glomus tumour.

A wide-spread flagellate dermatitis.

Gastric bronchitis: a rare cause of recurrent haemoptysis.

Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) who responded to rechallenge with cisplatin and pemetrexed with current literature review.

A 40-year-old woman 'off legs'.

Oesophageal rupture: a tough diagnosis to swallow.

Atypical atrial myxoma pending to the left atrial appendage: a diagnostic challenge.

Immature fibrous dysplasia: a mixed radio-opaque radiolucent lesion.

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance associated with blue finger syndrome.

Cardiac type of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection: diagnosis and demonstration by multidetector CT angiography.

Large prostatic utricle cyst.

Symmetrical peripheral gangrene and disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction.

Gastrointestinal presentation and outcome of perinatal cytomegalovirus infection.

Life-threatening piperacillin-induced immune haemolysis in a patient with cystic fibrosis.

A lethal cocktail: gastric perforation following liquid nitrogen ingestion.

Acquired antiprothrombin antibodies: an unusual cause of bleeding.

Segmental haemorrhagic infarction of the testis in a paediatric patient: a rare aftermath of epididymitis.

An unusual cause of a mediastinal mass.

Intraoperative myocardial infarction: Kounis syndrome provoked by latex allergy.

Atypical diabetes in children: ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes.

Extracranial saccular atherosclerotic aneurysm of the internal carotid artery (ICA) treated by an oblique end-to-end primary anastomosis.

Brain dead or not? CT angiogram yielding false-negative result on brain death confirmation.

Unusual site and uncommon presentation of epidermoid cyst: a rare case report and review of literature.

Thiamine-responsive pulmonary hypertension.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) in a young man with unprovoked haematemesis.

'Cannon ball' pulmonary metastases.

Severe CMV complication following maintenance therapy with rituximab.

Gallbladder agenesis with choledochal cyst--a rare association: a case report and review of possible genetic or embryological links.

Fulminant hepatitis following chemotherapy treatment for breast cancer.

Diagnostic pathway to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): the significance of Babinski's sign in a unique patient and the necessity for a multidisciplinary approach.

Extramedullary endobronchial plasmacytoma.

Tumour-to-tumour metastases: prostate carcinoma metastasising to a renal oncocytoma.

Nominal dysphasia and euphoria caused by EBV encephalitis.

Intrathoracic bifurcation of the right common carotid artery.

Herpes zoster as a cause of viral meningitis in immunocompetent patients.

Iatrogenic perforation of subclavian artery as a complication of coronary angiography from the radial route, endovascularly repaired with a covered stent-graft.

Open pisiform fracture: excision or internal fixation?

Hunter syndrome follow-up after 1 year of enzyme-replacement therapy.

A complicated case of anticoagulation.

Flail upper limb due to delayed presentation of a traumatic brachial artery pseudoaneurysm.

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura during pregnancy.

An unusual bronchial obstruction in a fit young man.

Non-umbilical cutaneous metastasis of a pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Non-compaction of the left ventricular myocardium with cor-triatriatum and associated anomalies.

Cranial aspergilloma masquerading as meningioma.

Thiamine and spinocerebellar ataxia type 2.

Factor XIII deficiency presenting with intracerebral bleed.

Osteopetrosis of the mandible masquerading as tubercular osteomyelitis.

Thalamic syndrome as the heralding manifestation of atlantoaxial dislocation.

Voltage-gated potassium channelopathy: an expanding spectrum of clinical phenotypes.

Non-syndromic multiple supernumerary teeth: a rare entity.

Takayasu's arteritis presenting as digital gangrene of right hand.

Extensive postoperative pyoderma gangrenosum.

Aortic arch variant presenting as an acute ST elevation myocardial infarction.

If it walks like Crohn's and talks like Crohn's, it must be...

Parkinsonism can be cured.

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) apexification: a novel approach for traumatised young immature permanent teeth.

If it is not healing, do worry about it!

A rare hump in the right lung, waiting to be named.

Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma presenting as lymphadenopathy of the groin.

Open surgical management of a ruptured intracranial aneurysm in Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber (KTW) syndrome.

Anaphylaxis in pregnancy: a rare cause of neonatal mortality.

Hitch-hiker taken for a ride: an unusual cause of myocarditis, septic shock and adult respiratory distress syndrome.

Immunoglobulin G4-related intracranial inflammatory pseudotumours along both the oculomotor nerves.

Acute adrenal failure following anticoagulation with dabigatran after hip replacement and thrombolysis for massive pulmonary embolism.

Synchronous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of ovary and squamous cell carcinoma of lower vagina: first report of an unusual chance occurrence.

Shock following a cat scratch.

Autologous tenocyte implantation, a novel treatment for partial-thickness rotator cuff tear and tendinopathy in an elite athlete.

Appendiceal mucocele: a missed diagnosis.

The utility of cone beam volume CT in the evaluation of thrombosed intracranial aneurysms in subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Ventricular ectopy after exercise and occult ischaemia in a patient with multiple risk factors for ischaemic heart disease and defective anginal warning system.

Anaphylaxis to ibuprofen in a 12-year-old boy.

An unusual case of infective endocarditis: annulus vegetation.

Auditory agnosia in a patient with nephrotic syndrome.

Malignant gastric lymphoma with spontaneous perforation.

Current state of knowledge on neuroendocrine small bowel tumours: non-systematic review of the literature based on one case.

Anorexia nervosa and dialysis: we have no time when the body is so damaged!

Kallmann syndrome and paranoid schizophrenia: a rare combination.

Drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia due to moxifloxacin.

Dilated cardiomyopathy and skeletal myopathy: presenting features of a laminopathy.

Where is the culprit? A case of acromegaly that defied the management algorithm.

Neglected subtalar dislocation with unstable foot; to walk away or step our foot in?

Gastric band erosion, infection and migration causing jejunal obstruction.

Surgical-orthodontic management of bilateral multiple impactions in non-syndromic patient.

An unexpected diagnosis in a dyspnoeic patient with primary Sjogren syndrome.

Gallbladder volvulus: a case of mimicry.

Leucocytoclastic vasculitis as a late complication of clopidogrel therapy.

Gaviscon: not always entirely safe!

First reported case of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome occurring in a weightlifter.

Pneumoperitoneum in a perforated gastric ulcer.

Clubbing, cyanosis and a new diagnosis of atrial septal defect in a parturient: a straightforward diagnosis of Eisenmenger syndrome?

A common prosthetic valve at uncommon position.

Primary abdominal muscle lymphoma.

Neuroembolization of metastatic Merkel cell cancer to the face for treatment of Kasabach-Merritt syndrome.

Disappearance of a small intracranial aneurysm as a result of vessel straightening and in-stent stenosis following use of an Enterprise vascular reconstruction device.

Scapulothoracic dissociation following blunt trauma.

Successful endovascular treatment of iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm with a relatively long neck.

Severe epistaxis after nasogastric tube insertion requiring arterial embolisation.

Methylene blue reverses recalcitrant shock in ß-blocker and calcium channel blocker overdose.

Snake bite-induced leucoencephalopathy.

Hidden treasure in an endoscopically retrieved oesophageal trichobezoar.

Artery of foramen rotundum: guilty or innocent?

Acute inflammatory neuropathy with monoclonal anti-GM2 IgM antibodies, IgM-κ paraprotein and additional autoimmune processes in association with a diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Rituximab seems to be a safer alternative in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis with tuberculosis.

Multiple pulmonary artery aneurysms in tuberous sclerosis complex.

Confusion and altered behaviour? Cause.

Intra-abdominal haematoma.

UFO in the heart: revealed during balloon mitral valvuloplasty for severe mitral stenosis.

Symptomatic sclerosing haemangioma: a rare case of solitary pulmonary nodule in a young girl.

Successful rechallenge with clozapine following 'red alert'.

Osteogenesis imperfecta and congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

An unexpected CT finding in a patient with abdominal pain.

A foreign body masquerading as a tumour.

Three cases of septic arthritis following a recent arthroscopic procedure.

Rituximab seems a promising therapeutic option in granulomatosis with polyangiitis with intestinal perforation: a case report and literature review.

NGS identifies TAZ mutation in a family with X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy.

Two cross-linked porcine dermal implants in a single patient undergoing hernia repair.

Atypical presentation of Lemierre syndrome: role of imaging.

An instant rare complication: a fractured metallic pyloric stent.

Late-occurring coil migration into the duodenum.

Salmonella sternoclavicular osteomyelitis in a patient with Crohn's disease.

Road traffic accidents: more than just whiplash?

Plantaris rupture: why is it important?

Duodenal adenocarcinoma masked by acute cholecystitis and peptic ulcer disease.

Gitelman or Bartter type 3 syndrome? A case of distal convoluted tubulopathy caused by CLCNKB gene mutation.

Acute exacerbation of restless legs due to cervical spinal cord ischaemia.

Clozapine-induced ischaemic colitis.

Illustrative cases of false positive biopsies after stereotactic body radiation therapy for lung cancer based on abnormal FDG-PET-CT imaging.

Contiguous haemangioblastomas of the brain and spine in a patient of Von Hippel-Lindau disease.

Prosthodontic management of an albinism patient-dental implications and management.

Pseudohypoparathyroidism: a rare but important cause of hypocalcaemia.

Simultaneous hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhages: what are the odds?

Cricopharyngeal myotomy for cricopharyngeus stricture in an inclusion body myositis patient with hiatus hernia: a learning experience.

Old drugs: new complications.

Lithium-induced sinus node dysfunction at therapeutic levels.

Intravesical migration of intrauterine device.

Cobb's collar: a rare cause of urinary retention.

Pseudomembranous colitis due to Clostridium difficile as a cause of perineal necrotising fasciitis.

Pleural tuberculosis following lung cancer chemotherapy: a report of two cases proven pathologically by pleural biopsy.

Massive pulmonary embolism and thrombophilia.

Bilateral taurodontism in primary dentition with hypodontia.

Tricuspid valve thrombus causing acute pulmonary embolism.

Fever of unknown origin, with a twist.

Marcus Gunn jaw winking synkinesis: report of two cases.

Synovial osteochondroma originating from the synovium of the anterior cruciate ligament.

Imatinib-induced Stevens-Johnsons syndrome.

Shelbourne's update of the O'Donoghue knee triad in a 17-year-old male Rugby player.

Heart failure in the new born; vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation.

Renal malakolpkia followed by chronic myelogenous leukaemia: treatment challenges case report and literature review.

Quadricuspid aortic valve with aortic regurgitation: a rare echocardiographic finding.

Cervical spine arterio venous malformation.

Congestive hepatopathy secondary to large renal arteriovenous malformation.

An interesting case of screen-detected breast cancer encasing a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Oral manifestations of epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica: a rare genetic disease.

Concomitant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and paraclinical laboratory features of multiple sclerosis: coincidence or causal relationship?

Lumbar synovial cyst calcification after facet joint steroid injection.

Oral contraceptive causing renal artery thrombosis.

Hair-on-end appearance in a case of thalassemia intermedia.

Double migration of a schwannoma of thoracic spine.

Not all T wave inversions are ischaemic.

Endodontic management of middle mesial canal of the mandibular molar.

PET-CT confirms the diagnosis of pyogenic spondylodiscitis complicated by psoas abscess.

Fungal interface keratitis by Candida orthopsilosis following deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty.

Bag of worms in coronary angiogram: an interesting case of right coronary artery collateral circulation.

Necrotising fasciitis caused by P aeruginosa in a male patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Intussusception in the elderly

Thrombolysis in submassive pulmonary embolism, prudent or puerile?

Paediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

A child with a long-standing, intensely itching subcutaneous nodule on a thigh: an uncommon (?) reaction to commonly used vaccines.

Extrinsic colonic obstruction by congenital fibrous band in an infant.

Adenocarcinoma: not all that wheezes is asthma.

Unforeseen renal pathological findings in a patient with type 2 cardiorenal syndrome who died after 4 years of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Traumatic fibroma of tongue.

Denervation of the ear and the 'folding flower' illusion.

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome and bilateral vertebral artery dissection presenting in a patient after cesarean section.

Anteromedial subtalar dislocation.

Aborted sudden cardiac death (SCD) in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with low-risk factors for SCD.

A crossed brain stem syndrome without crossed sensory symptomatology.

Congenital circumflex coronary artery fistulae; presentation and diagnosis.

A case of symptomatic Rathke's cyst.

The value of history and goals of care with code status; even in an emergency setting.

Huge gallstone complicating laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Atypical giant haemangioma of liver with systemic inflammatory manifestations.

Successful treatment of resistant SAPHO syndrome with anti-TNF therapy.

A diagnostic dilemma of central skull base osteomyelitis mimicking neoplasia in a diabetic patient.

Prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by Propionibacterium species successfully treated with coadministered rifampin: report of two cases.

Immunocompetent young man with cerebral abscess and cortical venous infarction mimicking cerebritis caused by Gemella morbillorum.

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leucoencephalopathy (CADASIL): a rare cause of dementia.

Acute stroke in a patient with advanced uraemia: should thrombolysis be given?

Extensive dural sinus thrombosis and bilateral lateral rectus palsy as an uncommon complication of chronic suppurative otitis media.

Huge bilateral renal angiomyolipoma.

Multiple brain parenchymal neurocysticercosis with extraocular muscle cysticercosis affecting levator palpebral superioris and superior rectus complex: an unusual association.

Abdominal aortic pseudocoarctation associated with renal artery occlusion.

Platypnea-Orthodeoxia syndrome after repair of a paraesophageal hernia.

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the thyroid gland 24 years after the primary tumour.

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, erythema nodosum and bilateral ankle arthritis in an Iranian woman.

Cerebral multicystic lesions in a child with neurofibromatosis.

Enteric adenocarcinoma lung: a rare presentation in an Omani woman

All tied up in knots.

Right-sided infective endocarditis presenting with purpuric skin rash and cardiac failure in a patient without fever.

Acute Legionella pneumophila infection masquerading as acute alcoholic hepatitis.

Outpatient management of Gitelman's syndrome in pregnancy.

Orbital varix thrombosis: a rare cause of unilateral proptosis.

Dietary small bowel obstruction.

Alveolar bone exostoses subsequent to orthodontic implant placement.

Primary abdominal nocardiosis masquerading as tubercular pelvic inflammatory disease in an immunocompetent individual.

Isolated B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the parotid gland presenting as an ulcerating facial mass and sepsis during an acute medical take.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy during treatment with rituximab and CHOP chemotherapy in a patient with a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Combined infection of vertebroplasty and aortic graft after intravesical BCG treatment.

Acute myocardial infarction and heart block: a challenge to emergency physicians.

Near-fatal small bowel ischaemia secondary to sacrocolpopexy mesh.

Punctate keratopathy of West Indians in patients undergoing photorefractive surgery.

Innovative endovascular technique for treatment of rare cause of haemoptysis in young.

Rifampicin pharmacokinetics in extreme prematurity to treat congenital tuberculosis.

Bronchial arterial embolisation for massive haemoptysis in cavitary sarcoidosis.

Iatrogenic paraformaldehyde orofacial chemical burn.

Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus with primary neuropsychiatric presentation.

Giant gastric folds in a patient with hypoalbuminaemia.

Cardiopulmonary arrest owing to oesophageal achalasia recovered completely with cardiopulmonary resuscitation followed by therapeutic hypothermia.

Solar retinopathy secondary to sungazing.

Basic and advanced imaging of a case of Balò's concentric sclerosis.

Catastrophic osteomyelitis following percutaneous wire fixation of a distal radial fracture: a cautionary tale of poor patient selection followed by surgical mishap.

Penile elephantiasis: a rare consequence of inappropriate use of condom as external urinary collection receptacle.

Symptomatic cholecystolithiasis after cholecystectomy.

Rare vascular perforation complicating radial approach to percutaneous coronary angioplasty.

Berardinelli-Seip syndrome: highlight of treatment challenge.

Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the colon in a 21-year-old African-American woman.

Platypnea orthodeoxia: a 'laid-back' case of dyspnoea.

Sequelae of dental trauma: the malformed tooth.

Is endovascular therapy the right choice for treatment of functional compression of anomalous right coronary artery arising from left coronary sinus with interarterial course?

A previously unreported serious adverse event during balloon sinuplasty.

Intraoral lipoma: a rare clinical entity.

Therapeutic dilemma in a case of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Infective endocarditis developing serious multiple complications.

Cardiac tumour masquerades as mid-life (menopause) event.

Stroke due to typical thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura treated successfully with intravenous thrombolysis and therapeutic plasma exchange.

SIADH and partial hypopituitarism in a patient with intravascular large B-cell lymphoma: a rare cause of a common presentation.

Complications of facial fillers: resource implications for NHS hospitals.

Running biomechanics in a long-term monitored recreational athlete with a history of Achilles tendon rupture.

Warfarin-induced skin necrosis diagnosed on clinical grounds and treated with maggot debridement therapy.

Penicillium marneffei presenting as an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in a patient with advanced HIV.

Peanut aspiration leading to pneumorrhachis in a pre-schooler.

Bilateral optic perineuritis as the presenting feature of giant cell arteritis.

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the tonsil.

Syphilis: an ancient foe with multiple faces.

A tale of two pelvises.

Osteosarcoma arising on a background of Paget's disease report of an unusual case.

Home deliveries in Chandigarh, the beautiful city of India: a tug of war between culture and science.

A not very NICE case of endocarditis.

Short-term surviving sirenomelia neonate followed by a complex mesodermal malformation in a sibling.

An unusual cause of severe persistent neutropenia in a child with nephrotic syndrome.

Delayed diagnosis of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis due to negative cryptococcal antigen test.

Hypoadrenal syndrome in a patient with amyloidosis secondary to familial Mediterranean fever.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease presenting with visual symptoms: a case of the 'Heidenhain variant'.

Diagnostic dilemma: Kikuchi's disease or tuberculosis?

Paradoxical response to dexamethasone and spontaneous hypocortisolism in Cushing's disease.

Radiographical appearance of osteitis fibrosa cystica in primary hyperparathyroidism before and after parathyroidectomy.

Disseminated tuberculosis in a patient with antinuclear antibody-negative systemic lupus erythematosus: a rare association.

Anomalous ovarian artery vascularisation of a large uterine fibroid: successful embolisation.

Extraocular sebaceous carcinoma mimicking benign sebaceous cyst.

Black oesophagus.

Malaria and the conducting system of the heart.

Congenital familial myasthenic syndromes: disease and course in an affected dizygotic twin pair.

Angiographic warning of hemorrhagic transformation after stent retriever thrombectomy procedure.

A child with a necrotic finger.

Large B cell lymphoma of the subtalar and talonavicular joint synovium.

Simultaneous bilateral torsion of the adnexae in an adult female without any history of ovarian stimulation.

Histological percutaneous diagnosis of stage IV microcystic serous cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas.

Purpura fulminans in a patient with mixed connective tissue disease.

Primary Ewing's sarcoma of the skull.

Classic tongue lipoma: a common tumour at a rare site.

Adrenal ganglioneuroma: a rare incidental finding.

Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy isolated to the posterior fossa.

A multidisciplinary approach to management of autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy (APECED).

Scrotal siliconoma: complications of an unapproved substance to an uninformed public.

An adult patient with ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm to the right ventricle.

Invasive non-typhoidal salmonella infection with multifocal seeding in an immunocompetent host: an emerging disease in the developed world.

The child with jerking eyes and gait.

Pseudohypoaldosteronism without nephropathy masking salt-wasting congenital adrenal hyperplasia genetically confirmed

Survival from profound metabolic acidosis due to hypovolaemic shock. A world record?

Perioperative risk stratification for a patient with severe obstructive sleep apnoea undergoing laparoscopic banding surgery.

Atypical intraoperative anaphylactic shock with ECG changes secondary to non-ruptured hepatic hydatid cyst.

Prenatal diagnosis of absent pulmonary valve confirmed by autopsy.

Bilateral vertebral artery stenosis present with vertigo.

Dropped head with positive intravenous edrophonium, progressing to myasthenia gravis.

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the maxilla complicated by a local pathogen infection.

Near fatal iron intoxication managed conservatively.

Doctor, I have a sore throat.

The great deception: tranexamic acid and extensive pulmonary emboli.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension as the initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

An unusual presentation of herpes infection in the head and neck.

Advantages of bedside ultrasound in the emergency department.

Old unreduced traumatic anterior dislocation of the hip.

Three-dimensional spectral domain optical coherence tomography imaging of the retina in choroidal tuberculoma.

Postcoital bleeding due to cervical endometriosis.

The use of ozone therapy in Buruli ulcer had an excellent outcome.

Non-specific abdominal pain, an inconclusive CT scan and an unusual and puzzling finding at exploratory laparotomy.

Using a bradykinin blocker in ACE inhibitor-associated angioedema in the emergency department.

Dentigerous cyst associated with an impacted anterior maxillary supernumerary tooth.

Biatrial enlargement: an unusual cause of massive cardiomegaly.

Portal biliary ductopathy caused by cavernous transformation of the portal vein.

Left atrial thrombus in a patient with left atrial appendage ligation.

Scuba diving, acute left anterior descending artery occlusion and normal ECG.

Gram-ghost cells.

A video demonstration of a prominent jugular venous pulse in a case of atrial septal defect.

Internal fixation for coronal shear fracture of the capitellum with polylactide resorbable fixation.

Delayed cerebritis after bilateral stereotactic implantation of globus pallidus interna electrodes for treatment of dystonia.

Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease: an uncommon cause of pulmonary hypertension.

Status epilepticus in a child with Sanjad Sakati syndrome.

Old is still gold.

Stump stone 6 years after cholecystectomy: a possibility.

Bilateral cataracts and insulin oedema in a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Boston keratoprosthesis for visual rehabilitation in porphyria cutanea tarda.

Re-occurrence of pancreatic insulinoma: an usual cause of hypoglycaemia.

Dyspnoea and the ovaries: a rare presentation of Krukenberg tumour

Pulmonary hypertension in a patient with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Leflunomide-induced chronic cough in a rheumatoid arthritis patient with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Acute gastric incarceration from thoracic herniation in pregnancy following laparoscopic antireflux surgery.

An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the breast with ALK overexpression.

Modified technique of soft liner application.

Pseudomyxoma extraperitonei: a rare presentation of a rare tumour.

An unexpected Holter monitor result: multiple sinus arrests in a patient with lateral medullary syndrome.

MRSA infected emphysematous bullae in an asymptomatic COPD patient.

S-1-induced lung injury combined with pneumocystis pneumonia.

An unusual breast lump: osseous metaplasia.

An unusual presentation of diabetic amyotrophy: myoclonus.

Three-dimensional volumetric rendition of cannon ball pulmonary metastases by the use of 3D Slicer, an open source free software package.

Isolated congenital left ventricular diverticulum.

Brainstem anaplastic glioma in patients with AIDS: a case report and review of the literature.

Transient right-to-left intracardiac shunt following a right ventricular myocardial infarction.

A ray of hope for a woman with Sheehan's syndrome.

Calcaneal osteosarcoma: a rare cause of heel pain in the paediatric population.

An unusual cause of postmenopausal bleeding.

Crossover balloon technique for vertebral artery thrombus: a novel method.

Cardiac tamponade as a presenting manifestation of severe hypothyroidism.

An unusual presentation of an amoebic liver abscess: the story of an unwanted souvenir.

Ureteric obstruction secondary to retroperitoneal fibrosis leading to acute kidney injury.

Pancoast's tumour presenting as shoulder pain in an orthopaedic clinic.

High pleural ammonia negatively interferes with the measurement of adenosine deaminase activity.

Life-threatening gastrointestinal haemorrhage from a large Meckel's diverticulum.

Intrapancreatic accessory spleen: a misleading diagnosis.

Thoracic outlet syndrome presenting as an isolated external jugular vein engorgement.

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis: literature review apropos of a rare entity.

Cortical venous thrombosis following exogenous androgen use for bodybuilding.

Septic thrombophlebitis of the superior mesenteric vein with bacteraemia caused by Bacteroides fragilis and Streptococcus intermedius as a complication of diverculitis.

Basilar artery pseudoaneurysm presenting at 5-month follow-up after traumatic atlanto-occipital dislocation in a 7-year-old girl treated with intracranial stent placement and coiling.

Postpneumococcal Moyamoya syndrome case report and review of the postinfective cases.

IgE-mediated cow milk allergy and infantile colic: diagnostic and management challenges.

Transient neonatal Behcet's disease.

Carbimazole-induced lupus.

Senile cardiac amyloidosis: an underappreciated cause of heart failure.

Uterine rupture complicating sequential curettage and Bakri balloon tamponade to control secondary PPH.

Placenta percreta: rare presentation of haemorrhage in the second trimester.

Food-borne botulism: still actual topic.

Caecal diverticulitis, an uncommon mimic of appendicitis.

Rhino-orbital mucourmycosis in a non-immunocompromised patient.

An unusual case of secondary amenorrhoea.

Syphilitic limbic encephalitis revealed by status epilepticus.

Phenocopy or variant: a longitudinal study of very slowly progressive frontotemporal dementia.

Multilobed mesiodens: a supernumerary tooth with unusual morphology.

Disseminated cysticercosis with a right common femoral vein thrombosis.

New pulmonary nodules in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.

Phenibut dependence.

Acute respiratory failure following traumatic tooth aspiration.

Pituitary macroadenoma: a rare cause of thyrotoxic hypokalaemic periodic paralysis.

Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome as an initial indicator of small cell carcinoma of the lung.

Extensive renal and ureteral calcification due to tuberculosis: rare images for an uncommon condition.

Sugammadex rescue following prolonged rocuronium neuromuscular blockade with 'recurarisation' in a patient with severe renal failure.

Patellar tendon rupture: an ultrasound case report.

Hypothalamic hamartoma.

Penile testis ectopia: a rare urogenital condition.

Report of gutkha (smokeless tobacco) use in children aged 10-12 years.

Uterine arteriovenous malformation.

Pulmonary hepatic nodules.

Tacrolimus-associated thrombotic microangiopathy in a lung transplant recipient.

Survival of a highly toxic dose of caffeine.

Spontaneous discharge of 'spilled gallstone' with complete resolution of retroperitoneal abscess in a patient treated for putative tuberculosis.

Psoriasis aggravation due to lapatinib.

Transient improvement of poststroke apathy with zolpidem: a single-case, placebo-controlled double-blind study.

Bilateral carotid arteries occlusion.

Group B streptococci as an unusual cause of septic arthritis of the hip: association with childbirth.

Bilateral facial palsy: a form of neuroborreliosis presentation in paediatric age.

Unusual fundus examination findings in tuberculous meningitis.

Online follow-up after total hip replacement: a first case.

Chemotherapy-induced cerebrospinal fluid malabsorption in a shunted child: case report and review of the literature.

Syphilis: a reversible cause of nephrotic syndrome.

Autoimmune hepatitis in a teenage boy: 'overlap' or 'outlier' syndrome--dilemma for internists.

The diagnostic dilemma of cerebellopontine angle lesions: re-evaluating your diagnosis.

Omental flap for treatment of long standing lymphoedema of the lower limb: can it end the suffering? Report of four cases with review of literatures.

Carcinoma at the tracheostoma site in a chronic smoker who smoked through the tracheostoma.

Angina bullosa haemorrhagica.

Phantom tumour of the lung.

Successful endovascular treatment of three fusiform cerebral aneurysms with the Pipeline Embolization Device in a patient with dilating HIV vasculopathy.

An interesting clinical scenario of patient with acute myocardial infarction with single coronary artery.

Streptococcus agalactiae endocarditis presenting as acalculous cholecystitis in a previously well woman.

The use of an extract of Hypericum perforatum and Azadirachta indica in advanced diabetic foot: an unexpected outcome.

The effect of high-intensity aerobic interval training on postinfarction left ventricular remodelling.

Fatal subcutaneous emphysema by manja: a deadly string.

Hepatitis-associated aplastic anaemia: a poor prognosis.

Tuberculosis of gallbladder neck: a cause of cholecystitis with cholelithiasis.

A rare case of isolated complete diphallia and review of the literature.

Severe rhabdomyolysis associated with a primary cytomegalovirus infection in an immunocompetent patient.

Acute haemorrhagic oedema of infancy.

An unusual and deadly cause for massive haemoptysis.

A rare case of dengue encephalitis

Waterlily sign.

Enthesitis in association with inflammatory bowel disease.

'Hot cross bun' sign in a case of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis: a rare neuroimaging observation.

Seronegative lyme neuroborreliosis in a patient using rituximab.

Rare case of orofaciodigital syndrome type I.

Oral capillary haemangioma mimicking pyogenic granuloma: a challenge for diagnosis and management.

Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and chronic idiopathic neutropenia: a challenging combination.

An endo-aesthetic management of crown dilaceration in a permanent mandibular central incisor.

MRI findings in chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy.

Double trouble in a patient with myotonia.

An ACE diagnosis.

Myasthenia gravis and pure red cell aplasia: a rare association.

Improving outcome following life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding not amenable to endoscopy in an ASA grade 5 patient: lessons learned.

Bilateral posterior ischaemic optic neuropathy after severe diabetic ketoacidosis, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and respiratory failure.

An unusual cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to Campylobacter fetus with alcoholic liver cirrhosis.

Solving the puzzle of strong French coffee, palpitation and dizziness.

Spinal neurofibromatosis associated with classical neurofibromatosis type 1: genetic characterisation of an atypical case

Postpartum tricuspid staphylococcal endocarditis complicated with multiple pulmonary pseudomonal abscesses.

Eosinophilic ulcer of the tongue in an 80-year-old Iranian woman after a psychologically stressful event.

Polyorchidism: a torted right-sided supernumerary testis.

A fast growing sternal mass.

Subarachnoid haemorrhage with bilateral intracranial vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms treated by staged endovascular stenting.

Inadvertent left internal mammary artery (LIMA): great cardiac vein anastomosis.

Cortical laminar necrosis due to hypoglycaemic encephalopathy:-images in medicine.

Granulomatous reaction secondary to intramammary silicone injection.

Bilateral peripapillary serous retinal detachment in association with congenital optic disc pits.

Primary mucinous carcinoma of the periocular region: successful management with local resections over 30 years.

Dyshidrotic eczema associated with the use of IVIg.

Demonstration of choreic movements in a case of chorea gravidarum.

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia with persistent decreased diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide.

MRI-induced soft tissue pain: incidental finding of a 15-year-old foreign body.

Acute Marchiafava-Bignami disease presenting as reversible dementia in a chronic alcoholic.

Management of occupational hazards in healthcare: exposure to diphencyprone.

Systemic arterial air embolism: positive pressure ventilation can be fatal in a patient with blunt trauma.

Unique case of acquired pulmonary arteriovenous malformation developed by calcific constrictive pericarditis.

Lower limb gangrene postcardiac surgery.

Typhoid fever, complicated by myocarditis, in a traveller returning to the UK.

Cervicofacial actinomycosis mimicking sebaceous cyst.

Malignant aetiology for breathlessness, concealed by a perception of 'exam-anxiety'.

Lobulated capillary haemangioma: a common lesion in an uncommon site.

A rare cause of wound infection after an open fracture: Shewanella putrefaciens.

Scrotal mass and unilateral lung masses with pleural effusion mimicking metastatic testicular malignancy: an unusual presentation of sarcoidosis.

Cordylobia anthropophaga: a rare surgical emergency in the UK.

Non-typhoidal Salmonella severe sepsis in an immunocompetent young woman.

A rare case of small bowel obstruction secondary to ovarian torsion in an IVF pregnancy.

Duodenal perforation caused by a bird feather.

Using the tongue to palpate a lesion in the postnasal space: a unique case of self-diagnosis.

Sudden death after normal coronary angiography and possible causes.

Occurrence of relapsing polychondritis with a rising cANCA titre in a cANCA-positive systemic and cerebral vasculitis patient.

Kikuchi--Fujimoto disease: a rare presentation of a groin lump.

Parakinesia brachialis oscitans during thrombolytic therapy.

Kearns-Sayre syndrome presenting as isolated growth failure.

Delayed extradural haemorrhage: a case for intracranial pressure monitoring in sedated children with traumatic brain injury within tertiary centres.

A rare complication following radiofrequency ablation.

Mumps virus infection with laryngeal oedema and thoracic wall phlegmonous inflammation in an adult.

Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma confirmed by brain biopsy: a case report.

Multiple idiopathic arterial aneurysms masquerading as aortic dissection.

Clinical challenges of an oligosecretory plasma cell dyscrasia.

Granular cell breast tumour mimicking infiltrating carcinoma.

Cervical and mediastinal emphysema associated with an asthma exacerbation.

One of the multifocal intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms with the clinical characteristics of mucinous cystic neoplasm.

Endovascular stent-associated infection with Staphylococcus lugdunensis.

An insulinoma presenting as hypoglycaemia associated with exercise stress testing.

Wellens' syndrome: a classical electrocardiographic sign of impending myocardial infarction.

Elderly patient with ureteric colic: suspect leaking aneurysm.

Atypical form of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

Haemoptysis and left upper quadrant abdominal pain: an unusual presentation of partial thoracic migration of an adjustable gastric band's tube.

The clinical experience of the challenges of oncology in South East Asia.

Recurrent phyllodes sarcoma of breast with complete chest wall invasion; a multidisciplinary approach for radical resection.

Temporal lobe epilepsy exacerbation during pharmacological inhibition of endogenous neurosteroid synthesis.

Delayed pneumothorax following an isolated clavicle injury.

Juvenile female with chest wall fibromatosis located posteriorly to the right breast: radiation therapy or wait and watch?

Generalised insulin oedema after intensification of treatment with insulin analogues.

Native aortic valve fungal endocarditis.

Mediastinal leiomyosarcoma concurrent with intra-aortic thrombosis.

Ophthalmic manifestations of herpes zoster virus in patients with multiple myeloma following bone marrow transplantation.

Abdominal distention and renal failure in a neonate.

Cryofibrinogenaemia: not just skin deep.

Knee extensor disruption in mild diplegic cerebral palsy: a risk for adolescent athletes.

Surveillance without chemotherapy in a woman with recurrent molar pregnancy.

Liposarcoma of the spermatic cord.

Perforation of Meckel's diverticulum by an intact fish bone.

Lower gastrointestinal adverse effects of NSAIDS: an extreme example of a common problem.

Serotonin syndrome: pills, thrills and shoulder aches.

Perioperative anaesthetic management of penetrating neck injury associated with Rh blood type in a young adult.

An unexpected finding of a rare intrascrotal lesion: the sertoliform cystadenoma of the rete testis.

Reconstruction with the use of autologous femoropopliteal veins for an infected aortobifemoral bypass graft.

Double tooth in mandibular incisor region: a case report.

Keratocystic odontogenic tumour (KCOT) misdiagnosed as a dentigerous cyst.

Salvage immunotherapy for fulminant pseudomembranous colitis.

Small bowel obstruction after a capsule enteroscopy.

Catastrophic failure of ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty presenting as squeaking hip.

Large perineal and gluteal angiomyxoma: the role of diagnostic imaging and literature review.

Infectious scleritis mimicking severe ocular inflammation: atypical initial presentation.

An unusual case of chest pain.

An infected urachal cyst.

Colitis: an unusual presentation of Wegener's granulomatosis.

Management of maxillectomy defect with a hybrid hollow bulb obturator.

Caruncular neurofibroma not associated with neurofibromatosis.

Iatrogenic calcinosis cutis in a neonate.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome after bevacizumab therapy in a normotensive patient.

Sleep-related eating disorder secondary to zolpidem.

Racing car brings tear drops in the moose.

Delayed diagnosis and treatment for around 20 years of an eminently treatable cause.

Recurrent primary paediatric herpetic whitlow of the big toe.

The interplay of Graves' disease and twin molar pregnancy.

Urinary retention secondary to mephedrone.

A common case of gastroenteritis in a child followed by an axial torsion of Meckel diverticulum: a rare and unusual complication.

Acutely presenting kissing lesions of the ankle: an atypical Trevor's disease and literature review of other unusual presentations of the disease.

Orbital floor triamcinolone causing Cushing's syndrome in a patient treated with Kaletra for HIV 1.

Incidental renal artery pseudoaneurysm after percutaneous native renal biopsy.

Unilateral acute angle closure glaucoma.

Testicular metastasis of colorectal carcinoma: an unusual presentation.

Large Gartner cyst.

The use of Gore Bio-A in the management of the open abdomen.

A microscopically calcified Meckel's diverticulum: a histopathological perspective of a case of both gastric and pancreatic mucosae.

Zebra lines in osteogenesis imperfecta on bisphosphonate therapy.

Adrenal haematoma as a complication of adrenal vein sampling.

Absence of aneuploidy and gastrointestinal tumours in a man with a chromosomal 2q13 deletion and BUB1 monoallelic deficiency.

Fibrolipoma of the eustachian ostium.

Brain abscess as an initial presentation in a patient of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia caused by a novel ENG mutation.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of hard palate with coincidental metastases to lung and liver.

Osgood-Schlatter disease.

Endoscopic management of a major bile duct stricture from surgical clips following laparoscopic hemicolectomy.

Intra-abdominal bleeding during treprostinil infusion in a patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Hypertriglyceridaemia-induced pancreatitis.

Hiding in plain sight; constrictive pericarditis.

Granulated sugar to reduce an incarcerated prolapsed defunctioning ileostomy.

Dermoid cyst of the greater omentum: rare and innocent?

Diversities in presentations of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Variable ECG findings associated with pulmonary embolism.

A hidden giant: Wallenberg syndrome and aortal wall thickening as an atypical presentation of a giant cell arteritis.

Tuberculous myopericarditis: a rare presentation in an immunocompetent host.

Pneumocystis pneumonia in a non-HIV patient on chronic corticosteroid therapy: a question of prophylaxis.

Acute kidney injury requiring haemodialysis following ingestion of mephedrone.

An unusual cause of cyanosis in a patient with COPD

A dangerous cough.

How far you can trust c-ANCA?

Bilateral bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw with left chronic infection in an 82-year-old woman.

'Nevi of Ota: the unusual birthmarks': a case review.

Haemophagocytic syndrome with disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with tuberculosis.

Synchronous sclerosing haemangiomas of the lung: an unusual presentation of a rare tumour.

Feeling blue with metformin-associated lactic acidosis.

Thyroid cancer in Plummer's disease.

Onyx embolization of anterior condylar confluence dural arteriovenous fistula.

Primary primitive neuroectodermal tumour of the kidney in adults.

Bilateral thigh pain after treatment for prostate cancer.

Colo-colic intussusception secondary to lipomatous polyp in an adult.

An unusual case of E coli meningitis in a patient with Marfan's syndrome.

Ultrasound in the acute scrotum: the truth and the false.

Fish allergy causing angioedema and secondary angle-closure glaucoma.

Open book injury secondary to doing the splits.

Post-traumatic intrahepatic splenosis mimicking a neuroendocrine tumour.

Coexistent widespread small intestinal and colonic diverticular disease.

Non-syndromic multiple supernumerary teeth: report of a case with 13 Supplementary teeth.

Non-ketotic hyperglycaemia hemichorea-hemiballismus and acute ischaemic stroke.

Occipital artery anastomosis to vertebral artery causing pulsatile tinnitus.

Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis due to pristinamycin.

Successful experimental treatment of congenital ichthyosis in an infant.

Macular hole formation after toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis.

A special case of lower back pain in a 3-year-old girl.

A rare case of concurrent multichamber thrombosis complicated by cardioembolic stroke in a reversible postpartum thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy.

Computational fluid dynamics simulation of an anterior communicating artery ruptured during angiography.

Endovascular management of six simultaneous intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas in a single patient.

Non-healing pharyngeal ulcer in a middle-aged Caucasian man.

Isolated double-orifice mitral valve: an extremely rare and interesting anomaly.

Central giant cell granuloma of the maxilla.

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord following recreational nitrous oxide use

Delayed resolution of eyelid swelling in preseptal cellulitis in a child: beware of causing occlusion amblyopia.

Alveolar ethmoidal rhabdomyosarcoma in a young adult male.

Delayed complete small-bowel and mesenteric transection following seemingly minor blunt abdominal trauma.

Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy isolated to the posterior fossa:Correction.

Hair-on-end appearance in a case of thalassemia intermedia:Correction.

Isolated pulmonary valve endocarditis in a patient with aplastic anaemia.

Down syndrome masked by Marfan syndrome in a neonate.

Smoking-related interstitial fibrosis (SRIF) and pulmonary hypertension.

Rare but numerous serious complications of acute otitis media in a young child.

Oral manifestations of vitamin D resistant rickets in orthopantomogram.

Profusely bleeding oral pyogenic granuloma in a teenage girl.

Situs inversus totalis discovered incidentally at the age of 84 years.

A rare and forgotten diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding: primary aortoduodenal fistula.

Iatrogenic venous air embolism from central femoral vein catheterisation.

The known unknowns of perioperative stroke during carotid body tumour resection.

Multiple non-syndromic odontogenic keratocysts in three siblings.

Panton-Valentine leukocidin Staphylococcus causing fatal necrotising pneumonia in a young boy.

A conversion disorder or a stroke? A proximal basilar artery thrombosis induced 'locked-in' syndrome in a young Caucasian woman.

Successful pneumonectomy for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and advanced non-small cell-lung cancer.

Brunneroma with duodenojejunal intussusception: a rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction.

Painless vertebral osteomyelitis: an unusual presentation.

Complete acute gallbladder torsion diagnosed with abdominal ultrasonography and colour Doppler imaging.

Destructive post-traumatic chondrolysis of the subtalar joint: a case report and review of the literature.

Missing red flags in back pain--tuberculosis of the spine: an important differential for back pain in non-endemic countries.

Vasculitis reminds us that 'Ockham's razor' may still apply in the elderly.

Intradural lipoma: timely intervention is what matters.

Successful management of immunological rejection following allogeneic simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET) for bilateral ocular burns.

Disseminated Nocardia infection in a renal transplant patient: the pitfalls of diagnosis and management.

Efficacy of diode laser in the management of oral lichen planus.

Cauda equina syndrome: the importance of complete multidisciplinary team management.

Goodness gracious great balls of fire.

Gallstone ileus and fatal gallstone coleus: the importance of the second stone.

Disseminated Mycobacterium haemophilum infection in a 72-year-old patient with rheumatoid arthritis on infliximab.

Marfan syndrome presenting with headache and coincidental ophthalmic artery aneurysm.

Recurrent facial hemiparesis due to dolichoectatic vertebrobasilar artery: an unusual and ignored cause.

Temporary arterial stenting in a full-house spaghetti wrist injury in a remote rural setting: benefit for hand perfusion or risk of increased morbidity?

A rare occurrence of peripheral ossifying fibroma in the first decade of life and its management.

Acute lymphocytic leukaemia presenting as a metabolic bone disease.

Recurrent atypical fibroxanthoma of the limbus.

Incidental paraganglioma of the urinary bladder in a 66-year-old woman.

Pustular vasculitis.

Long-term antibiotic therapy in late onset pouch-urethral fistula after ileoanal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis may be effective and well tolerated.

Asbestos-related pleural plaques: significance and associations.

Clay impaction causing acute dysphagia.

Citrobacter koseri: an unusual cause of pyogenic liver abscess.

Linezolid-induced serotonin syndrome.

Azathioprine hypersensitivity presenting as septic shock with encephalopathy.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in the treatment of non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11-hydroxylase deficiency.

Complete oral rehabilitation of a young girl suffering with amelogenesis imperfecta in association with analysis of her chromosomal pattern.

Non-lethal? Penetrating chest injury due to beanbag bullet.

Surgical removal of a submandibular megalith.

Bilateral ptosis with complete ophthalmoplegia.

Portosystemic shunt via the superior mesenteric and right ovarian vein leading to small intestine bleeding in alcoholic liver cirrhosis.

Hydropneumothorax due to tuberculosis.

'Mechanical thrombectomy alone' as a definite therapy for rescue angioplasty.

A rare, life-threatening effort angina and anomalous origin of the left circumflex coronary artery: CT and SPECT findings.

A rare complication of endovenous laser ablation: intravascular laser catheter breakage.

Brain abscess associated with persistent left superior vena cava in a 58-year-old man.

Initially unrecognised lunate dislocation as a cause of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Coronary CT angiography and stress perfusion scan for evaluation of patients with atypical chest pain.

What lies beneath the skin.

Unilateral pulmonary hypoplasia: a rare clinical presentation.

Keratoderma blenorrhagica.

Piso-hamate hiatus syndrome in a patient with Riche-Cannieu anastomosis.

The uncovered story of leiomyosarcoma of the cervix: a rare case report and review of literature.

An ICU patient with spots and a peculiar pneumonia.

Familial hypercholesterolaemia presenting with coronary artery disease in a young patient.

Small is challenging; distal femur fracture management in an elderly lady with achondroplastic dwarfism.

Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome: a rare cause of cystic lung diseases.

A case of acute myelogenous leukaemia characterised by the BCR-FGFR1 translocation.

Laparoscopic repair of a late-presenting Bochdalek diaphragmatic hernia with acute gastric volvulus.

Cleidocranial dysplasia: complete clinical, radiological and histological profiles.

Non-traumatic Page kidney.

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome and the 'nutcracker phenomenon'.

Multimodality imaging of spermatic cord abscess.

Symptomatic giant cardiac cyst hydatid in an adult woman.

A novel approach in management of lateral luxation of primary tooth.

Transient cauda equina syndrome: a subtle but sinister sign.

Paraspinal arteriovenous malformation Onyx embolization via an Ascent balloon.

Pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma: a new concept encompassing animal-type melanoma and epithelioid blue nevus.

Melting down the Ice Queen: an integrative treatment of anorexia nervosa.

Ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm from left coronary sinus into right atrium: a rare anomaly with an odd presentation.

An 8-year follow-up of a patient with acute myocardial infarction complicated with ventricular rupture and cerebral thrombosis treated conservatively: a cohort study.

Hurler syndrome (Mucopolysaccharidosis type I).

Treatment of mobile right heart thrombi with low-molecular-weight heparin.

Small colony variant-producing S aureus prosthesis joint infection highlighted by sonication and treated with prolonged high doses of daptomycin.

Intraoral teratoma in a newborn presenting as severe respiratory distress.

Leiomyoma of the bladder.

Tuberculosis: still an enigma. Presenting as mycotic aneurysm of aorta.

A rare cause of superior vena cava syndrome.

Reversible dementia and gait disturbance as a result of polypharmacy.

Giant iris cyst in an 11-year-old child.

Incidental pathologically proven pulmonary hamartoma in a patient with carcinoma tongue.

Primary synovial osteochondromatosis of the ankle.

Prostate abscess: MRSA spreading its influence into Gram-negative territory: case report and literature review.

Mount Fuji sign following subdural haematoma evacuation.

To evaluate the effect of combining photo-activation therapy with platelet-rich plasma injections for the novel treatment of osteoarthritis.

Familial aggregation of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA).

A retained pulmonary artery catheter fragment incidentally found lodged in the right heart 16 years after its insertion.

Vitamin B12 deficiency presenting as acute ataxia.

Renal calculi with retrocaval ureter: is percutaneous nephrolithotomy sufficient?

Angiolipoma: rare cause of adult ileoileal intussusception.

Piriformis syndrome occurring after pregnancy.

Intractable intraoperative bleeding requiring platelet transfusion during emergent cholecystectomy in a patient with dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting coronary stent implantation (with video).

Pregnancy after hydrosalpinx treatment with Essure.

Atypical distribution of pneumatosis intestinalis in a patient with AIDS.

Nasopalatine canal cyst: often missed.

Unexpected hypozincaemia in a patient with discharging empyema that proved resistant to replacement therapy.

When less is more: a case of phenytoin toxicity.

Salvage of distal non-target coil embolization with stent placement and intravenous eptifibatide in a ruptured, unsecured, atypical aneurysm.

Ultrasound guided V3 segment vertebral artery direct percutaneous puncture for basilar artery mechanical thrombectomy in acute stroke: a technical report.

A silent acute abdomen in a patient with spinal cord injury.

Campylobacter fetus sepsis in an immunocompetent patient with haematological complication.

IgG4-related systemic sclerosing disease: a diagnosis to be considered!!

Florid skin rash in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Transvenous Onyx embolization of a subependymal deep arteriovenous malformation with a single drainage vein: technical note.

Partial claviculectomy after non-union of proximal clavicle fracture.

Guillain-Barre syndrome in an adult patient with Henoch-Schonlein purpura.

A case of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy induced by accidental hypothermia and diabetic ketoacidosis.

Endoscopic mucosal resection of an oesophageal carcinoid tumour.

Non-operative therapy for pilonidal sinus in adolescence: crystallised phenol application, 'report of a case'.

Andersson lesion in ankylosing spondylitis.

Blunt traumatic internal carotid artery dissection with delayed stroke in a young skydiver.

Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma: a rare entity.

Deep lobe parotid pleomorphic adenoma presenting as obstructive sleep apnoea.

Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess and endophthalmitis

Pelvic haemophilic pseudotumour in a patient with haemophilia.

Retrodental synovial cyst: MRI findings.

64-MDCT can depict the thrombi expanded from the left lower pulmonary vein to the left atrium in the patient with angina pectoris.

The isolated fourth ventricle.

Something fishy: an unusual Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection in an immunocompromised individual.

Interpretation of CT imaging: a growing problem in times of obesity?

Hereditary opalescent dentin.

Papillon Lefevre syndrome.

Septic shock caused by Elizabethkingia meningoseptica: a case report and review of literature.

The management of Brugada syndrome unmasked by fever in a patient with cellulitis.

Three-dimensional spectral domain optical coherence tomography in X linked foveal retinoschisis.

Missed diagnosis of a gallstone ileus: an incomplete laparoscopy due to a putative ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection.

Charcot foot associated with chronic alcohol abuse.

Disseminated tuberculosis presenting with secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and Poncet's disease in an immunocompetent individual.

Titanium plate artefact mimicking popliteal artery dissection on digital subtraction CT angiography.

A rare cause of neck swelling in a child.

Isolated laryngeal amyloidosis in a patient with a hoarse voice.

Molar distalisation by pendulum appliance.

Acute hepatitis in a young woman with systemic lupus erythematosus: a diagnostic challenge.

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis by Brucella in a cirrhotic patient.

Prematurity, macrosomia, hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia and a dominant ABCC8 gene mutation.

Unilateral cacosmia: a presentation of maxillary fungal infestation.

Symptomatic bilateral testicular metastasis from carcinoma of the prostate.

Peripheral neuropathy induced by red yeast rice in a patient with a known small bowel gastrointestinal tumour.

Portomesenteric venous gas and pneumatosis intestinalis due to intestinal ischaemia.

Reversible myocarditis after spider bite.

Lipoma arborescens of the knee joint.

Rapid thrombosis of middle cerebral artery aneurysm after subarachnoid haemmorhage.

Diagnostic delay in malignant pleural mesothelioma due to physicians fixation on history with non-exposure to asbestos.

Unusual presentation of a common problem.

Primary presentation with acute flaccid quadriparesis in Sjogren's syndrome sans sicca.

The mechanism of endocardial lead-induced tricuspid regurgitation.

An unusual psychiatric presentation of polycythaemia 'Difficulties lie in our habits of thought rather than in the nature of things' Andre Tardieu.

A new biological approach to guided bone and tissue regeneration.

Delayed diagnosed posterior interosseous nerve palsy due to intramuscular myxoma.

Congenital echovirus 21 infection causing fulminant hepatitis in a neonate.

Reactive dentures: a novel approach to decrease residual ridge resorption.

Visceral leishmaniasis with HIV co-infection and cervical lymphadenopathy.

Two variants of fat embolism syndrome evolving in a young patient with multiple fractures.

Mesalazine-induced lung fibrosis.

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in twins.

Pathological fractures as an initial presentation of Wilson's disease.

Fever of unknown origin and pancytopenia caused by culture-proven delayed onset disseminated bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) infection after intravesical instillation.

The absence of vitreous inflammation: one more challenge in diagnosing toxoplasma papillitis.

Pleomorphic adenoma of the hard palate.

Traumatic bone cyst or solitary bone cyst.

Distributive shock due to systemic capillary leak syndrome treated with high-dose immunosuppression.

Rock, paper, endoscopy: a baffling case of rhinolith.

Anything rare is possible here: Brucellosis in London in 2012.

Bilateral multifocal posterior pole lesions in Reiter syndrome.

Wet type of tuberculous peritonitis.

A large bone fragment posterior to talus following medial subtalar dislocation.

Lung hernia following minithoracotomy for epicardial lead placement.

Isolated partial rupture of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle (tennis leg).

Recurrent erythema nodosum: a red flag sign of hidden systemic vasculitis.

A delayed diagnosis of cardiac tamponade.

Oral cysticercosis: a clinical dilemma.

Use of embolic protective devices in treating acute arterial occlusions: an interventional radiology and vascular surgery collaborative learning experience.

Anaesthetic management of hip arthroplasty in an individual with trisomy 21 and Eisenmenger's syndrome.

Rectus sheath haematoma: a serious complication of a commonly administered drug.

Pulmonary IgG4+ Rosai-Dorfman disease.

Splenic abscess due to acute brucellosis.

Capillary haemangioma of the ethmoid sinus.

Coexistence of bilateral first and second branchial arch anomalies.

Disappearing renal calculus.

An atypical form of cervicofacial actinomycosis treated with short but intensive antibiotic regimen.

Is it toxoplasma encephalitis, HIV encephalopathy or brain tuberculoma?

Sternal tuberculosis in an immunocompetent adult.

Jael syndrome: removal of a knife blade impacted in the maxillofacial region under local anaesthesia.

Challenging diagnosis of a jejunal adenocarcinoma with ovarian metastasis: report of an unusual case.

A novel technique for perineal hernia repair.

Cyclist: slightly foxed.

Inflammatory breast cancer.

Swallowed magnets and batteries: a dangerous but not unexpected attraction.

Isolated thalamic tuberculoma presenting as ataxic hemiparesis.

Paraspinal abscess secondary to tuberculous spondylitis diagnosed by Xpert MTB/RIF assay in rural Tanzania.

Transethmoidal meningocele: an unusual complication of intracranial neoplasm.

Phthiriasis palpebrarum.

Bilateral phlegmasia cerulea dolens in an occluded inferior vena cava filter.

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension presenting as a chronic daily headache.

Leucocytoclastic vasculitis.

Nocardia brasiliensis vertebral osteomyelitis and epidural abscess.

Ciprofloxacin-associated posterior reversible encephalopathy.

Spontaneous rupture of the non-gravid uterus.

Gitelman syndrome.

Duplicated pyelocaliceal system with partial duplication of ureter.

Transient extensive hepatic portal venous gas following hypotension in a dialysis patient.

Erdheim-Chester disease with isolated craniocerebral involvement.

Secondary aorto-enteric fistula presenting over a 2-month period with recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding.

Duodenal perforation in an infant with rotavirus gastroenteritis.

Fetal supraventricular tachycardia, treating the baby by targeting the mother.

Haematogenous infection of a total knee arthroplasty with Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Multiple skin chloromas: a rare presentation of chronic myelogenous leukaemia in chronic stable phase.

A tale of two cords.

Temporary recovery after resuscitation: delayed postanoxic encephalopathy.

Postsurgical giant incisional hernia.

Bilateral coronary artery fistula as a cause of angina pectoris.

Aesthetic management of non-syndromic secondarily retained permanent mandibular canine.

Nasolabial cyst mimicking inflammatory cyst.

The McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome: a rare cause of chronic diarrhoea.

Acral erosive mycosis fungoides: successful treatment with localised radiotherapy.

Medial subtalar dislocation with navicular and posterior talar process fracture: the first report in the literature.

Management of a full-thickness burn to the foot following sciatic nerve palsy secondary to primary total hip replacement.

Limbic encephalitis as the presenting symptom of oesophageal adenocarcinoma: another cancer to search?

Gross cerebellar paraneoplastic neurological disorder in a patient with an occult breast cancer.

An ulcerated nodule on the nose.

Unusual case of a lung abscess.

Hypoglycaemia due to interaction of glimepiride with isoniazid in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Muscle MRI in Bethlem myopathy.

Massive compensatory hyperinflation.

Preoperative diagnosis by three-dimensional angiography of a leiomyosarcoma arising from the left ovarian vein.

A rare occurrence and management of familial schwannomatosis.

Clear cell HCC mimicking to hepatic adenoma.

Slow-flow-type venous malformation of tongue.

Multifocal osteonecrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: case report and review of the literature.

Peritoneal catheter for massive cardiac ascites.

Pitfalls in the use of laparoscopic staplers to perform subtotal cholecystectomy.

Tuberculosis colliquativa cutis of the cheek: an extremely uncommon manifestation of primary extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

An unexpected cause of pleural effusion in paediatric emergency medicine.

Ring lesions in the brain: a harmless commensal?

Mild form of inverse Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome?

A false-positive ST segment elevation during exercise stress test.

Heritable retinoblastoma and accelerated aortic valve disease.

Acute crystal deposition arthritis of the pubic symphysis.

Primary schwannoma of maxillary sinus masquerading as malignant tumour.

Lymphangioma circumscriptum of the vulva.

Symptomatic talar beak in talocalcaneal coalition.

A suspicious lump of unexpected origin.

Cardiovascular disease: thinking beyond atherosclerosis.

A giant medial parameniscal cyst of the knee joint.

High-dose daptomycin monotherapy cures Staphylococcus epidermidis 'endotipsitis' after failure of conventional therapy.

Spontaneous multivessel coronary artery dissection with anomalous coronary artery.

Bulge in the tonsillar fossa. Is it a quinsy?

A novel technique for repairing a large diaphragmatic defect with no costal attachments.

Itraconazole as 'bridge therapy' to anti-IgE in a patient with severe asthma with fungal sensitisation.

Purulent infection in the third finger with associated osteomyelitis.

940 nm diode laser therapy in management of recurrent apthous ulcer.

Diaphragmatic eventration presenting with sudden dyspnoea.

Molluscum contagiosum: report of one case with overview.

Geographic tongue and tenofovir.

Acute cord compression secondary to spinal relapse of testicular seminomas.

Giant anterior chest wall basal cell carcinoma: a reconstructive challenge and review of the literature.

Concomitant typhlitis and Clostridium difficile colitis developed after first R-CHOP chemotherapy in a non-Hodgkin lymphoma patient.

Emergence of co-trimoxazole resistant Nocardia brasiliensis causing fatal pneumonia.

Pararenal sclerosing PEComa.

Efficacy of topical brimonidine-timolol for haemangioma of infancy and perils of off-label prescribing.

Pigmented villonodular synovitis: dedicated PET imaging findings.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF): a mediator in endometrial receptivity for a patient with polycystic ovary (PCO) undergoing in vitro maturation (IVM).

Infected mesenteric cyst.

Surgical removal of mandibular tori and its use as an autogenous graft.

Trichilemmal carcinoma: an unusual presentation of a rare cutaneous lesion.

Streptococcus bovis-related cholecystitis.

Pleural infection: a case where clinical improvement was misleading.

Periprosthetic metastasis: a rare cause for prosthetic loosening.

Successful use of transcatheter embolisation in an emergent life-threatening situation of bleeding from uterine arteriovenous malformation.

Pseudochylothorax and diaphragmatic weakness secondary to a misplaced central venous catheter.

Complete denture with pharyngeal bulb prosthesis.

Stable expressions of nine genes within human oocytes and live birth by in vitro fertilisation.

Combined endodontic therapy and periapical surgery with MTA and bone graft in treating palatogingival groove.

A rare late complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Steroid-responsive depression.

Ruptured frontal dermoid cyst: an unusual cause of seizure in a postpartum female.

Modified intracanal post for severely mutilated primary anterior teeth.

Sprengel's deformity: association with musculoskeletal dysfunctions and tethered cord syndrome.

A pituitary tumour presenting with rhinolalia and galactorrhoea.

Bacteroides fragilis endocarditis in a patient with Crohn's disease.

Heyde's syndrome: exploring the link between aortic stenosis and an acquired bleeding disorder.

Anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma presenting as an isolated osseous involvement: a case report and review of the literature.

Prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma with continuous orbital-maxillary defect.

Tumour-like lumbar disc herniation.

Infarction of the cervical spinal cord in a 20-year-old healthy man resulting in complete quadriplegia.

Subhepatic appendicitis: a diagnostic dilemma.

Melioidosis in a returning traveller.

Ciprofloxacin-associated choreoathetosis in a haemodialysis patient.

Extreme hyperleucocytosis of the premature.

Paediatric abdominal wall hernia following handlebar injury: should we diagnose more and operate less?

Molecular diagnostics and the public health management of legionellosis.

Challenges in orthopaedic management of Parkes-Weber syndrome.

Bluish discolouration of stomach in dextropropoxyphene poisoning: an unusual finding at autopsy and discussion of differential diagnosis.

Caecal lymphangioma: a rare cause of gastrointestinal blood loss.

Acute cervicitis and vulvovaginitis may be associated with Cytomegalovirus.

Mixed collecting duct and renal cell carcinoma presenting with spinal cord compression.

An advanced stage of ankle arthropathy in a haemophilic patient.

Treatment imprudence leading to missed tooth fragment.

20-year-old injury: an unusual cause of stroke.

Late sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Pitfalls in the umbilical pit: giant hernia of the umbilical cord.

Brain metastasis from oesophageal adenocarcinoma.

Disseminated cerebral and spinal tuberculomas: rare cause of triparesis.

Multimodality imaging of Stafne bone defect.

Syncope associated with water pipe smoking.

Giant petrosal aneurysm of the internal carotid artery causing stroke in a young man.

Mobile complex atherosclerotic aortic plaque.

Value of an automatic external defibrillator printout as a diagnostic tool after successful AED use on a child.

Postpartum patient with congenital patent ductus arteriosus mimicking acute pulmonary embolism

Inferior vena cava thrombosis: a rare complication of fibrocalcific pancreatic diabetes.

Intussusception secondary to a solitary peritoneal lung metastasis.

Primary T-cell lymphoma of liver.

Rare case of cerebral MALToma presenting with stroke-like symptoms and seizures.

Re-endovascular recanalization for acute middle cerebral artery reocclusion after surgical embolectomy.

Acute pancreatitis owing to very high triglyceride levels treated with insulin and heparin infusion.

Leaflet repair and valve sparing (inclusion technique) aortic root repair: reference to the latest principles.

Paediatric fracture dislocation of the forearm: an unusual presentation.

A hiding in the lining: painful pericardial cyst.

Prostate carcinoma presenting with bulky mediastinal and cervical lymphadenopathy.

Multidrug resistant citrobacter: an unusual cause of liver abscess.

Extensive peritoneal carcinomatosis secondary to renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid and rhabdoid differentiation.

Vomiting gallstones as a presenting feature of small bowel obstruction secondary to inflammatory stricture.

Internal carotid artery stenosis presenting as ipsilateral posterior cerebral artery ischaemic stroke: a lesson to be learnt.

Successful treatment of flail chest with chondrosternal disruption and traumatic parasternal lung hernia with titanium rib bridges.

A rare case of alcoholic pellagra encephalopathy with startle myoclonus and marked response to niacin therapy: time for a new dictum?

Central pontine myelinolysis.

Primary cardiac sarcoma after breast cancer.

A case of colovesical fistula caused by the eroded rectal stent.

Management of chemical burn in oral cavity.

Squamous cell carcinoma of pancreas: an unusual site of relapse from early-stage lung cancer: 12-month postsurgery.

Severe necrotic oesophageal and gastric ulceration associated with dabigatran.

Brucella endocarditis: an occupational hazard!

Rectal volvulus following laparoscopic left hemicolectomy

Epstein-Barr virus-associated cerebellar ataxia.

An unusual presentation of an infected vallecular cyst presenting as supraglottitis.

Cervical tourniquet in case of uncontrollable haemorrhage during caesarean section owing to a placenta accreta.

A case of pulmonary carcinoid tumour in a pregnant woman successfully treated with bronchoscopic (electrocautery) therapy.

A not so benign atrial flutter: spontaneous 1:1 conduction of atrial flutter.

Thyroid papillary carcinoma arising in ectopic thyroid tissue within a branchial cleft cyst.

Progressive outer retinal necrosis: a missed diagnosis and a blind, young woman.

Antimesenteric jejunal diverticulosis after a remote history of necrotising enterocolitis: a case report.

Fragment reattachment of fractured anterior teeth in a young patient with a 1.5-year follow-up.

Paradichlorobenzene (toxin)-induced leucoencephalopathy.

Hemispheric venous dysgenesis in a woman presenting with seizures, weakness and parkinsonism.

Silent chronic osteomyelitis lasting for 30 years before outburst of symptoms.

A liver abscess presenting as bowel obstruction and perforation.

Topical proparacaine abuse resulting in evisceration.

Plasmodium knowlesi infection: a diagnostic challenge.

Arteriovenous malformation of the inferior mesenteric artery in a patient with ischaemic colitis.

Treatment of a colonic Dieulafoy lesion with endoscopic hemoclipping.

Metastatic small-cell lung cancer presenting as fulminant hepatic failure.

Pulmonary sarcoid-like granulomatous disease in an 11-month-old girl.

Low bilirubin kernicterus with sepsis and hypoalbuminaemia.

A case of misconstrue proptosis.

Lead shot incarceration in appendix: an unusual cause of appendicular foreign body.

Unravelling the Gordian knot: diagnostic dilemma in an HIV-positive patient with neurological involvement.

An 11-year-old boy with pharyngitis and cough: Lemierre syndrome.

Phenytoin-induced gingival enlargement: a dental awakening for patients with epilepsy.

Diaphragmatic hernia: an unusual presentation.

A rarely diagnosed cause of anterior knee pain: Hoffa's disease.

Spontaneous splenic rupture presenting as haemoperitoneum: coinfection of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum.

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: a rare cause of dysphagia and dysphonia.

Persistent duodenal ulcers bleeding in postkidney transplant patient treated by infliximab.

Cervico-oculo-acoustic (Wildervanck) syndrome: clinicoradiological findings.

Pseudo-Meigs' syndrome associated with struma ovarii.

Colovesical fistula presenting with epididymitis.

Retroperitoneal amyloidosis as the presenting manifestation of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia.

Idiopathic sphenoid sinus CSF rhinorrhoea.

Massive gastric dilation complicating diabetic gastroparesis.

Radiological signs of a true lunate dislocation.

Corpus cavernosum abscess from a blind-ending urethra after urinary diversion surgery.

An unusual combination of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma and arteriovenous malformation of the ureter in a young adult.

Tumour lysis syndrome in a patient with intravascular spread from a recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer.

False-positive 'cord sign'.

Inferior vena cava thrombosis.

Multiple idiopathic apical root resorption.

Right-sided colonic tuberculosis: a rare cause of ilio-psoas abscess.

Management of mandibular deviation after mandibulectomy by simplified approach.

Necrotising pancreatitis presenting as a painful mass in the groin and sepsis.

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia: a paediatric case.

Vesicocutaneous fistula following adjuvant radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

Splenic abcess owing to brucellosis.

Traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula combined with pseudoaneurysm requires immediate treatment.

1-Antitrypsin deficiency in a patient diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Rapidly progressive osteoarthritis presenting as acute limb shortening.

Cryptococcal sternal osteomyelitis in a healthy woman: a review of Cryptococcus neoformans.

Pneumothorax necessitans in a patient with trapped lung and rheumatoid arthritis.

Successful treatment of acute hereditary angioedema attacks with self-administered icatibant in patients with venous access problems.

Nevirapine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome following HIV postexposure prophylaxis.

A rare cause of epigastric pain in a middle-aged man.

A simplified technique for bend backs in lingual orthodontics.

Giant plexiform neurofibroma causing asymptomatic cervical spinal cord compression in a child with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Resolution of trigeminal neuralgia by coil embolization of a persistent primitive trigeminal artery aneurysm.

Bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation.

Acute coronary syndrome in congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries.

Poorly controlled type 2 diabetes complicated by an episode of severe hypertriglyceridaemia-induced pancreatitis.

Alkaptonuria and Pompe disease in one patient: metabolic and molecular analysis.

Reflections on mental capacity assessments in general hospitals.

Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome disguised as mental illness.

Just a sore throat? Uncommon causes of significant respiratory disease.

Subarachnoid haemorrhage with orgasmic cephalgia.

Fused primary supernumerary tooth associated with maxillary primary and permanent lateral incisors.

Acute splenic infarction in a hiker with previously unrecognised sickle cell trait.

A rare parapharyngeal space branchial cleft cyst.

Silastic arthroplasty of the first metatarsophalangeal joint as salvage for failed revisional fusion with interpositional structural bone graft.

Inhaled hypertonic saline+hyaluronic acid in cystic fibrosis with asthma-like symptoms: a new therapeutic chance.

Emphysematous cystitis: a tympanic bladder.

Successful anticoagulation with fresh frozen plasma for cardiopulmonary bypass in a patient with heparin resistance: a cautionary tale.

Primary intracranial melanoma in a child with a giant congenital melanocytic naevus and normal MRI.

Acquired urethral meatal stenosis: a rare sequel of an aggressive form of Behçet's disease.

'Eye is a window to the pulse': bilateral ocular ischaemic syndrome as a presenting manifestation of Takayasu arteritis.

Calcified embolism: a rare cause of cerebral infarction.

Curative surgical management of isolated adrenal recurrence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma.

Ulcerative colitis: a case of steroid refractory disease.

Treatment of lower extremity oedema by subcutaneous drainage in a home hospice patient.

Anaesthesia management for acute appendicitis in cases with Sjogren's syndrome accompanying autoimmune hepatitis.

A cholestatic diagnostic dilemma.

Schwannoma of the brachial plexus: a rare cause of monoparesis.

Aberration in the palatal root of the maxillary first molar.

Levonorgestrel intrauterine system as a treatment option for severe menorrhagia in adolescent with type III von Willebrand disease.

Improving outcomes for pancreatic cancer: radical surgery with patient-tailored, surgery-specific advanced haemodynamic monitoring.

Localised normocalcaemic tetany secondary to dehydration in an individual with Gitelman syndrome.

Spinal epidural abscess treated with antibiotics alone.

Wellens' syndrome in a 24-year-old woman.

Concertina effect: a subtle but specific marker.

Primary intraocular central nervous system lymphoma masquerading as diffuse retinal vasculitis.

Prostate adenocarcinoma with a rectal metastasis.

Recurrent case of ibuprofen-induced aseptic meningitis in mixed connective tissue disease.

Hydranencephaly: a rare cause of delayed developmental milestones.

Spindle cell carcinoma in maxilla.

Twin pedunculated intraoral submucosal lipoma.

Biliary contents in the chest drain tube: a finding not to ignore.

Intramural gas in stomach along with acute calculus cholecystitis: an unusual association.

Coexistence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and allergic aspergillus sinusitis in a patient without clinical asthma.

Haemophilus influenzae type f meningitis in a previously healthy boy.

The reprogramming therapy for a patient with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma by using human-induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells technology.

Neuropsychiatric side effects of cyclobenzaprine.

Eosinophilic pneumonia associated with concomitant cigarette and marijuana smoking.

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma: a rare odontogenic neoplasm with unusual radiographic and histomorphological presentation.

Delayed presentation of severe ocular injury from a button battery.

Masseter muscle cysticercosis: a common disease with uncommon presentation.

Sepsis caused by Mycobacterium terrae complex in a patient with sickle cell disease.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2B: delayed presentation, rapid diagnosis.

Another reason for abdominal pain: mesenteric panniculitis.

Use of heparin in aortic dissection: beware the misdiagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism.

Temporomandibular joint involvement in ankylosing spondylitis.

Palatal tremor in relation to brainstem tumour involvement.

A rheumatoid nodule in an unusual location: mediastinal lymph node.

A rare case of open bicondylar Hoffa fracture with extensor mechanism disruption.

An intracerebral mass: tuberculosis or sarcoidosis?

Mucormycosis: an atrocious mate of patients with diabetes.

IgG4-related multiorgan disease: report of the first autopsy case.

The use of rituximab and bendamustine in treating chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Mononeuritis multiplex and painful ulcers as the initial manifestation of hepatitis B infection.

Postoperative pulmonary calcification in a child with truncus arteriosus.

T-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia (T-PLL): a rare disease with a grave prognosis.

Irreducible lateral dislocation of patella.

Severe rheumatoid arthritis hand deformity.

Double embolic protection during carotid artery stenting with persistent hypoglossal artery.

Quadrivalvular heart disease of mixed congenital and rheumatic aetiology with concomitant ostium secundum atrial septal defect and Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve.

Biopsy-proven drug-induced tubulointerstitial nephritis in a patient with acute kidney injury and alcoholic severe acute pancreatitis.

Pituitary granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Hyperphosphatemic tumoral calcinosis.

Renovascular hypertension in an 8-year-old girl.

Primary group A streptococcal septic shock syndrome simulating perforated appendicitis in a previously healthy girl.

Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy presenting with unilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in a Malay teenager.

Mediastinal involvement in ovarian cancer.

Nocardia cyriacigeorgica intracavitary lung colonization: first report of an actinomycetic rather than fungal ball in bronchiectasis.

Unusual solid mass in the popliteal fossa.

Symptomatic lobar intracerebral haemorrhage preceded by transient focal neurological episodes.

Malignant neuroendocrine tumour of the gallbladder with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen: case report and literature review.

Giant aneurysm in a left coronary artery fistula: diagnostic cardiovascular imaging and treatment considerations.

Nitrofurantoin: cause of DRESS syndrome.

Acute and chronic spectral domain optical coherence tomography features of branch retinal artery occlusion.

Nodular secondary syphilis in a woman.

Unwanted baggage.

Concurrent caecal and transverse colonic tuberculosis masquerating synchronous colonic carcinoma.

Large spontaneous pneumothorax with relatively minor symptoms.

Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB (MPS IIIB) masquerading as a behavioural disorder.

Critical upper airway obstruction in sporadic angioedema responding to C1-esterase inhibitor.

An efficient method for correction of anterior crossbite without using bite plates.

Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma of maxillary alveolus metastasising to the abdomen: the role of immunomarkers in diagnosis.

Oral lichenoid reaction due to nickel alloy contact hypersensitivity.

Simultaneous Moyamoya disease and cervical spinal cord low-grade astrocytoma in a child with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Type B aortic dissection after standard endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Concomitant herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus endotheliitis in immunocompetent patient.

Lactococcus lactis cremoris infection: not rare anymore?

Cholangiocarcinoma and brain lesions: an extremely rare finding.

Panic-related hyperventilation resulting in hypophosphataemia and a high lactate.

Triceps tendon avulsion and associated injuries of the elbow.

Dementia complicated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy associated with unconsciousness induced by Wernicke's encephalopathy.

Dangers of neglect: partially embedded ring upon a finger.

Indacaterol-induced severe constipation and abdominal pain: is there a role for colonic ß3-adrenoceptors?

Epidermoid cyst of the spleen.

Acute encephalomyelitis with multiple herpes viral reactivations during abatacept therapy.

Recurrent seizures, progressive cognitive decline, Parkinsonism and a calcified brain: is it Fahr's disease?

Laparoscopically assisted repair of vaginal evisceration after hysterectomy.

Noma neonatorum.

Lacrimal gland pleomorphic adenoma: an inconceivable diagnosis in a child.

The dental management of troublesome twos: renal tubular acidosis and rampant caries.

Bilateral lateral periodontal cyst.

Successful autologous simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET) in previously failed paediatric limbal transplantation for ocular surface burns.

Peripheral cementifying fibroma: a clinical diagnostic dilemma.

McConnell sign and S1Q3T3 pattern in pulmonary embolism: revisited.

Reversibility of myocardial hypertrophy 8 years after adrenal adenoma excision and drugs and alcohol addiction withdrawal.

Chronic non-suppurative osteomyelitis with proliferative periostitis or Garre's osteomyelitis.

A rare cause of pulsus paradoxus: acute tension hydrothorax.

HACEK-induced endocarditis.

Reninoma: a rare cause of curable hypertension.

Intussusception in a 7-week-old baby.

Conservative management of a ruptured mycotic aneurysm.

Multilobed cystic dilation of the ventriculus terminalis (CDVT).

Presacral tumours: a rare case of a dermoid cyst in a paediatric patient.

An unusual cause of Grey Turner's sign.

Retrograde jejunogastric intussusception with jejunojejunal intussusception (double telescoping).

Aceclofenac-induced acute tubulointerstitial nephritis in a patient with diabetes.

Adrenal gland non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a patient with pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

Simultaneous bilateral spontaneous hydropneumothorax: a rare presentation of bilateral malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland: a rare entity.

Superior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula embolisation complicated by bowel ischaemia.

Aortic valve tethering: embryonic remnant of a common origin?

Active haemorrhage of a renal allograft detected on portable ultrasound.

Unilateral renal artery stenosis with renal atrophy in a patient with metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma treated with sorafenib.

Extrapulmonary disseminated tuberculosis with tuberculous adrenalitis: a stitch in time saves nine.

Parathyroidectomy in the presence of central venous stenosis.

Pitfalls and bugs of nuclear and CT cardiac scans in an extremely obese patient: reasons for using conventional coronary angiography as first-line test.

Role of fine needle aspiration cytology in diagnosing filarial arm cysts.

Retropharyngeal cellulitis in adolescence.

Advanced adenocarcinoma in a colonic interposition segment.

Life-threatening rhabdomyolysis after prolonged hypoperfusion of the lower legs.

Antiglycine receptor-related stiff limb syndrome in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Adrenal myelolipoma's connection with adenoma in the same adrenal gland.

Peripheral ossifying fibroma.

High-dose thiamine improves the symptoms of fibromyalgia.

Deteriorating renal function in the asymptomatic patient: the importance of clinical examination!

Ameloblastomatous calcifying odontogenic cyst: a rare histological variant.

Postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis and renal vein thrombosis in a woman with protein S and C deficiency.

Two cases of femoral hydatidosis secondary to canine tapeworm treated by albendazole and prosthetic reconstruction.

Oesophageal atresia associated with congenital oesophageal stenosis.

Coronary stent stenosis in acute myocardial infarction.

Massive TB psoas abscess.

Akathisia: a life-threatening side effect of a common medication.

Persistent genital arousal disorder: a clinical challenge.

An interesting cause of collapse in a patient with chronic pancreatitis.

Appearances are deceptive...

Conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open surgical procedure due to complete fibrosis of the gallbladder.

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus in a healthy child.

Pilonidal sinus cyst of the penis: a rare manifestation of a common disease.

Haemobilia due to iatrogenic portobiliary fistula after cholecystectomy.

Ankylosing pelvitrochanteric heterotopic ossification in a patient with spinal cord injury.

Central pontine myelinolysis associated with Wilson disease in a 7-year-old child.

A deadly combination of AIDS, TB and cardiac tumour.

A laparoscopic transgastric approach to the treatment of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction postgastric bypass.

Caecal duplication cyst mimicking intussusception.

An unusual case of gastric outlet obstruction caused by tuberculosis: challenges in diagnosis and treatment.

Visual hallucinations in photographs in Parkinson's disease.

Misguidance of peroral rigid laryngoscopy in assessment of difficult airway: two comparable cases in microlaryngeal surgery.

Non-syndromic double lip.

'A one-sided affair': unilateral pulmonary oedema and the role of cardiac MRI in diagnosing premature coronary artery disease in a patient with Prader-Willi syndrome.

Multiorgan failure related to human monocytic ehrlichiosis.

Extramedullary haematopoiesis in axillary lymph nodes following neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer.

Cogan's syndrome: achievement of complete resolution of auditory deficit with steroids.

Non-syndromic multiple supernumerary teeth in permanent dentition: a rare phenomenon.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome masked by cerebral malaria.

Hypocomplementaemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome: a mimicker of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Multiple cutaneous nodules as the presenting sign of small cell lung cancer.

In-vivo expansion of autologous limbal stem cell using simple limbal epithelial transplantation for treatment of limbal stem cell deficiency.

Aorto-oesophageal fistula following TEVAR: an unusual cause of mediastinal air.

Neonatal sacrococcygeal teratoma with acute renal failure.

Bilateral multifocal Warthin tumours.

A painful thumb.

Post-traumatic haemorrhagic synovitis of knee mimicking pigmented villonodular synovitis.

High-dose thiamine improves the symptoms of Friedreich's ataxia.

Persistent hyperlactacidaemia: about a clinical case.

Porphyria: varied ocular manifestations and management.

Colpocephaly in adults.

Chemoembolisation combined with percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of primary angiosarcoma of the liver.

Paraganglioma of the thyroid gland: cytologists' enigma.

Fatal cerebral air embolism following endoscopic evaluation of rectal stump.

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt disconnection associated with spontaneous knot formation in the peritoneal catheter.

The quickest way to A&E may be via the Segway.

Headache in a young male: the clot thickens.

Multidetector CT findings of calvarial eosinophilic granuloma.

Local toxicity of antracycline extravasation.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a cause of paraneoplastic cholestasis.

A greenstick fracture of the patella: a unique fracture in CP crouch gait.

Iris coloboma in one eye and pigment dispersion syndrome in the fellow eye.

Multifocal primary bone lymphoma: durable complete remission after R-CHOP chemotherapy.

Intracranial haemorrhage 4 days after receiving thrombolytic therapy in a young woman with myocardial infarction.

Paradoxical embolism via a patent foramen ovale.

Accura balloon rupture during percutaneous trans-septal mitral commissurotomy: a rare and potentially fatal complication.

Reattachment of maxillary permanent teeth fragments: a conservative approach.

Basilar artery thrombosis due to head banging: hazard of a religious ritual.

Atypical Takotsubo syndrome.

Management of unusual case of Crocker and Hartzell's disease in a young patient with a 1 year follow-up.

Endoscopic resection of the inflamed bicipitoradial bursa extended around the radial neck.

A space occupying lesion masquerading as pancreatic carcinoma.

Subcutaneous emphysema of periorbital region after stainless steel crown preparation in a young child.

Surgical management of multiple supernumerary teeth and an impacted maxillary permanent central incisor.

Aesthetic management of dental fluorosis.

Low-dose ruxolitinib for improving leukopaenia and reducing recurrent infections associated with myelofibrosis.

Isolated medial cuneiform fracture: a commonly missed fracture.

Right coronary artery aneurysm: an unusual cause of chest pain.

Bilateral simultaneous testicular torsion presenting as a diagnostic dilemma.

Angiographic detection of cerebral cavernous malformations with C-arm cone beam CT imaging in three patients.

Cellular schwannoma masquerading as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour: a diagnostic dilemma.

Tandem symptomatic internal carotid artery and persistent hypoglossal artery stenosis treated by endovascular stenting and flow reversal.

Isolated diffuse type B-cell lymphoma of the palate: an unusual entity.

Skin vascular malformations and recurrent melena which refers to a nevus syndrome.

Multiple solitary plasmacytoma with multifocal bone involvement. First clinical case report in a uraemic patient.

Hypoparathyroidism presenting as cognitive dysfunction.

Orofaciolingual dyskinesia due to diphenylhydantoin sodium.

Compound odontome: a tooth eruption disturbance.

Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for massive pulmonary thromboembolism.

Radiological findings of florid cemento-osseous dysplasia and benign mucosal cyst in an elderly woman with no symptoms.

'Legal high' associated Wallenberg syndrome.

Nasopharyngeal perforation by a new electromagnetically visualised enteral feeding tube.

Total pancreatectomy for recurrent intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma in remnant pancreas of pancreaticoduodenectomy for intraductal papillary mucinous adenocarcinoma.

Co-infusion of adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cell-differentiated insulin-making cells and haematopoietic cells with renal transplantation: a novel therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus with end-stage renal disease.

Successful low-dose spinal anaesthesia for lower segment caesarean section in a patient with Takayasu arteritis.

Juvenile cellular pleomorphic adenoma.

When a colonoscopy becomes a duodenoscopy: a palliative treatment of a malignant sigmoidoduodenal fistula.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome.

NSAID-induced diaphragmatic disease of the colon.

Uncommon presentation of a common condition: an easily missed cause of hip pain.

Post-transfusion purpura: a rare and life-threatening aetiology of thrombocytopenia.

Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome secondary to a deep neck space infection presenting with no throat or neck symptoms.

A 'medical' diagnosis in the trauma clinic.

Corrective osteotomy through fracture site and internal fixation with headless screws for type I (Hahn-Steinthal) capitellar malunion.

Tuberculosis of the calcaneum masquerading as Haglund's deformity: a rare case and brief literature review.

Treacher Collins syndrome: a case report.

Amelogenesis imperfecta with bilateral nephrocalcinosis.

A very sudden onset of tracheomalacia with an unknown cause.

Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris.

Chryseobacterium indologenes peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis.

An easily missed diagnosis: flank pain and nutcracker syndrome.

Rehabilitation of anterior teeth with customised incisal guide table.

Tricky brucellosis.

Rehabilitation following intracerebral haemorrhage secondary to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

An under-diagnosed cause of leg swelling.

An unusual cause of recurrent chest pain in an adult woman: a case of recurrent stress-induced (Takotsubo) cardiomyopathy.

Septo-optic dysplasia: fitting the pieces together.

Ashman phenomenon: a physiological aberration.

Giant Buschke-Lowenstein tumour: clinical appraisal of a rare entity.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach: a rare entity.

Evidence for hypohydrosis as clinical clue to diagnosis of Horner's syndrome.

Rupture of splenic angiosarcoma: a rare cause of spontaneous haemoperitoneum.

An unusual complication in ulcerative colitis during treatment with azathioprine and infliximab: Isospora belli as 'Casus belli'.

Late onset seizures and progressive cognitive decline: is it an arachnoid cyst?

Management of fractured implant case using loop connector fixed partial denture.

Cracking haematuria in adolescent with negative work up.

Striking temporally dynamic ECG changes associated with recurrent chest pain in a case of myopericarditis.

Portal vein thrombosis during pregnancy.

Dedifferentiated acinic cell tumour: the harlequin of salivary gland neoplasms--an unusual variant.

Early treatment causes clinicoradiological reversal of myelopathy due to vitamin B12 deficiency.

A unique case of two primaries: carcinoma breast with carcinoma gallbladder.

Ecthyma gangrenosum in a neonate: not always pseudomonas.

Atypical clinical presentation of a WT1-related syndrome associated with a novel exon 6 gene mutation.

Ophthalmoplegic migraine with trigeminal nerve involvement.

Adenocarcinoma mimicking eruptive xanthomas clinically.

Sever's disease: a common cause of paediatric heel pain.

Accelerated arterial and venous clots in a young pregnant woman: a saga of thrombotic storm.

Acute myocardial infarction following scorpion sting in a case with obstructive coronary artery disease.

Unilateral proptosis: an unusual presentation of prostatic carcinoma.

Primary undifferentiated spindle-cell sarcoma of sella turcica: successful treatment with adjuvant temozolomide.

Os calcaneus secundarius mimicking fracture.

Acute MI in a young hypertensive woman: could it be due to tranexamic acid?

Infectious mediastinal lymphadenopathy after repeated transbronchial needle aspiration.

Childhood bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency: long-term management and outcome.

Portal hypertension related to light chain deposition disease of liver: an enlightening experience.

Refractory changes in hyperosmolar diabetic decompensation: when hyperglycaemia improves vision.

An interesting case of acute, severe postoperative hyponatraemia following carotid endarterectomy.

Late onset Ito's nevus.

Hypovitaminosis D and severe hypocalcaemia: the rebirth of an old disease.

Megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome.

Systemic lupus erythematosus, pregnancy and carcinoma of the tongue.

Small bowel obstruction secondary to a liberated Meckel's enterolith.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma.

Renal calculi in pregnancy? The role of ultralow-dose CT.

Vertebra collapse due to primary amyloidosis causing neurological compromise.

Laryngeal leiomyosarcoma masquerading as laryngeal carcinoma.

Nitrofurantoin related pulmonary disease: a clinical reminder.

Analysis using histograms of muscle CT images in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

A late recurrence of renal cell carcinoma as pancreatic metastases: a rare disease.

Peripapillary and macular retinoschisis in a patient with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma.

Fracture of temporary femoral haemodialysis catheter: our experience.

Idiopathic bilateral adrenal haemorrhage related to acute adrenal insufficiency.

Recognising compartment syndrome in the upper limbs of a patient with central cord syndrome: getting out of pitfalls.

Guillain-Barre syndrome as a paraneoplastic manifestation of disseminated squamous cell carcinoma.

Viral and paraneoplastic encephalitis in a patient with liver transplant with unilateral temporoparietal lobe abnormalities: a diagnostic challenge.

Stable graft function on low-dose steroid monotherapy in spite of donor-specific antibodies in renal transplantation combined with stem cell infusion.

A case of putty kidney without pulmonary tuberculosis.

Tuberous sclerosis presenting with spontaneous pneumothorax secondary to lymphangioleiomyomatosis; previously mistaken for asthma.

Neonatal heel-prick testing leading to dystrophic calcification.

Occlusion of M1 segment after superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass in a giant M1 aneurysm with Onyx-34 injected via a double-lumen balloon under balloon inflation.

Agitation after minor trauma: combativeness as a cardinal catatonic feature.

Cardiogenic shock in a neonate.

Successfully treated bilateral renal artery stenosis in a patient with coronary artery disease.

Use of the AngioJet percutaneous thrombectomy system for the treatment of acute Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Aneurysmal coronary cameral fistula.

Anticoagulation-induced spontaneous intramural small bowel haematomas.

Tubercular retinal vasculitis.

Prenatal diagnosis of caudal dysplasia sequence associated with undiagnosed type I diabetes.

Primary ileocaecal B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL): a rare underlying cause of right iliac fossa pain.

Hepatic subcapsular haematoma in a premature newborn.

Splenic injury after colonoscopy requiring splenectomy.

An unusual aetiology for internuclear ophthalmoplegia.

Craniopharyngioma and epidermoid tumour in same child: a rare association.

Normal functioning single system ectopic ureter draining into a Gartner's cyst: laparoscopic management.

Fixed functional space maintainer: novel aesthetic approach for missing maxillary primary anterior teeth.

Atypical histiocytic granuloma of tongue.

Aesthetic management of a complicated crown fracture: a multidisciplinary approach.

Primary parapharyngeal and skull base synovial sarcoma in a 13-year-old boy with neurofibromatosis radiologically misdiagnosed as a benign lesion.

Percutaneous ablation of functioning adenoma in a patient with a single adrenal gland.

Ocular argyrosis in a jeweller.

Haemophilus parainfluenzae prosthetic valve endocarditis complicated by septic emboli to brain.

Condylus tertius and episodic vertigo: is there an association?

Mediastinal lipoblastoma: unexpected finding of a chest infection.

Thyroid associated orbitopathy.

A rare cause of secondary hypertension: median arcuate ligament compression of the renal artery diagnosed by CT angiography.

Situs inversus totalis, oesophageal atresia and tracheo-oesophageal fistula.

Primary malignant melanoma of uterine cervix with probable origin from benign cervical melanosis.

Management of an infant having natal teeth.

Taurodontism in deciduous molars.

Inflammatory myopathy as the initial presentation of cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis.

Costal osteoid osteoma with chest pain.

Endovascular repair of a double-lumen dissecting aneurysm.

Thyroid neurofibroma in a female patient with neurofibromatosis type I: report of a case.

Absolute constipation caused by sigmoid volvulus in a young man.

Late Streptococcus bovis infection of total knee replacement complicated by infective endocarditis and associated with colonic ulcers.

Cardiopulmonary complications in a patient with bezoar.

A case series of patients on chemotherapy with dyspnoea and pulmonary infiltrates.

High-grade GI lymphoma presenting with diarrhoea.

Management of a simple renal cyst in a complex patient.

Unilateral movement disorder as a presenting sign of paediatric post-varicella angiopathy.

Bleomycin-induced flagellate hyperpigmentation.

Fatal re-expansion pulmonary edema in a young adult following tube thoracostomy for spontaneous pneumothorax.

Peri-implant galactocele following vacuum-assisted core biopsy of the breast: a cautionary tale.

An unusual presentation of MEN2A.

Disturbance of motor development: a manifestation of stroke in early childhood.

Self-inflicted long complex urethro-vesical foreign body: is open surgery always needed?

The prolonged clotting time in two female patients with thromboangiitis obliterans.

Acute abdominal pain and diarrhoea in healthy adult.

Central nervous system relapse in a patient with acute promyelocytic leukaemia: does the risk stratification matter?

L-2 hydroxyglutaric aciduria presenting with anxiety symptoms.

'Crohn'z meanz Heinz': foreign body inflammatory mass mimicking Crohn's disease.

A regenerative approach towards mucosal fenestration closure.

Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma: a devil in disguise.

Caecal volvulus: a consequence of acute cholecystitis.

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease with scant tissue IgG4.

Splinting with diastema closure as an adjunct to periodontal therapy.

Rapid resolution of pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

Diagnosis and management of a ruptured rudimentary horn pregnancy in a low-resource setting.

Stress urinary incontinence as a rare presentation of large prostatic stones in neurogenic bladder: implications and management.

Solid variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma in a 14-year-old girl.

Isolated multiple invasive cardiac hydatid cyst.

An unexpected difficult intubation in a patient with myasthenia gravis undergoing video-assisted transcervical thymectomy.

Syncope caused by coronary artery spasm without chest pain leading to ventricular fibrillation.

Restoration of fractured anterior permanent teeth using reference guide technique.

Spontaneous free floating carotid artery thrombosis.

Organising pneumonia in common variable immunodeficiency.

Lithobezoar, a rare cause of acute oesophageal obstruction: surgery after failure of endoscopic removal.

Unusual breast neoplasm: primary breast lymphoma.

Hepatic myelopathy: an unusual neurological complication of chronic liver disease presenting as quadriparesis.

Personhood within the context of sedation at the end of life in Singapore.

Modified Nance palatal arch appliance for anterior tooth replacement.

Poor outcome associated with probable bilateral extracranial ICA vasospasm.

Successful thrombolytic treatment of prosthetic mitral valve thrombosis.

Pneumomediastinum secondary to mephedrone inhalation.

Tension pneumocephalus after administration of two 0.25 mg cabergoline tablets in MEN1-related macroprolactinoma.

L-2 hydroxyglutaric aciduria presenting with status epilepticus.

Ash-leaf spots or naevus depigmentosus: a diagnostic challenge.

Resolution of an intracardiac mass with chemotherapy.

Two rare forms of hepatocellular carcinoma metastases.

Primary oral tuberculosis in a sexagenarian female.

Primary mesenteric lymphangioma in a young adult with intestinal malrotation and 'counter-clockwise barber pole sign'.

Laparoscopic repair of adult Bochdalek's hernia.

Chronic low back pain: block vertebra.

Cold agglutinin-induced haemolysis in association with antinuclear antibody-negative SLE.

Left-sided appendicitis in children with congenital gastrointestinal malrotation: a diagnostic pitfall in the emergency department.

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome.

Congenital cytomegalovirus infection and finger anomaly.

Retroauricular abscess from first bilateral branchial cleft sinus.

Rapidly enlarging skin lesion on the lip.

Visual loss from scleritis in C-ANCA-positive microscopic polyangiitis.

What lies beneath.

Cryptogenic organising pneumonia presenting with bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy.

Acute encephalopathy in familial hemiplegic migraine with ATP1A2 mutation.

Unusual presentation and location pleural malignant mesothelioma.

Abdominal pain and collapse in the emergency department.

Infection versus ALVAL: acute presentation with abdominal pain.

Altered mental status and complete heart block: an unusual presentation of aspirin toxicity.

Hodgkin's lymphoma preceded by haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Transient global amnesia and hippocampal foci of restricted diffusion.

Skin rash and subconjunctival haemorrhage in an adult with pandemic H1N1 influenza

An incidental case of asymptomatic intracranial foreign body on CT.

Uncontrollable haemorrhage following dabigatran prophylaxis.

Vulvar adenocarcinoma: visual resemblance to a vulvar abscess.

Unicentric Castleman's disease: an uncommon cause of posterior mediastinal mass.

Combination of Steven-Johnson syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome following carbamazepine therapy: a rare occurrence.

Unusual bronchial foreign body without atelectasis.

Unusually located left ventricular outflow myxoma: a brief review of the literature.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of buccal mucosa.

Internal carotid dissection caused by an elongated styloid process (Eagle syndrome).

Small cell gall bladder carcinoma complicated by syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) treated with mozavaptan.

What kind of diagnosis in a case of mobbing: post-traumatic stress disorder or adjustment disorder?

Diabetic ketoacidosis: an unusual presentation of acromegaly.

Large functional benign endometroid cystadenofibroma of the ovary leading to endometrial cystic glandular hyperplasia and postmenopausal bleeding.

Brainstem cavernous malformation.

Fatal methotrexate toxicity: could it have been avoided?

Chest pain in a 12-year-old girl with ulcerative colitis after therapy with mesalazine.

Spontaneous pneumothorax following caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia.

Accessory tragus: a dentist's perspective.

Asymptomatic non-union of capitate 14 years postfracture.

Fracture penis: a case more heard about than seen in general surgical practice.

Combination of AIDP and pyramidal signs associated with antecedent hepatitis A infection: a rare (co)occurrence.

Rachitic chest in a young adult male: Fanconi's syndrome--idiopathic type.

Comet-tail artefacts and abdominal pain: radiological mistake or an underestimated event?

Massive localised lymphoedema: a rare vascular malformation.

Cardiac papillary fibroelastoma presenting as acute stroke.

Acute expansion of an asymptomatic posterior communicating artery aneurysm resulting in oculomotor nerve palsy.

Intubating laryngeal mask airway combined to fibreoptic intubation in subglottic stenosis.

Cylindroma of the breast in a 72-year-old woman with fibrocystic disease first misdiagnosed as a malignant lesion in imaging studies.

Simultaneous radicular cyst and mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the maxilla: a diagnostic nightmare.

Rapidly lethal dermatomyositis associated with cutaneous lymphangitis carcinomatosa.

Iliac crest bone graft donor site hernia: not so uncommon.

Blind endovascular catheterization and direct access of an occluded superior ophthalmic vein for treatment of carotid cavernous fistula.

Antineutrophil cytoplasm antibody-positive pulmonary-renal syndrome in a patient with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis.

Ruptured jejunal artery aneurysm.

Recurrent non-aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage in Takayasu arteritis: is the cause immunological or mechanical?

C1 fracture in a patient with a congenital cleft in the posterior arch: report on a failed conservative treatment.

Acute myelitis associated with HCV infection.

Mycobacterium bovis tenosynovitis.

Necrotising fasciitis of the thigh.

Bilateral consecutive optic neuropathy in a patient with thrombophilia.

The Norovirus epidemic...or just a stone? Revising the diagnosis with an abdominal radiograph.

The reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome in association with venlafaxine and methenamine.

Severe hyponatremia and MRI point to diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis in the Southwest USA.

Horner's syndrome following a subtotal thyroidectomy for a benign nodular goitre.

Massive lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage in a teenager caused by Campylobacter enteritis.

Progressive neurological deficit in an HIV patient.

Super dominant left anterior descending artery with origin of both posterior descending artery and posterior left ventricular artery from septal branch.

Maxillary adenomatoid odontogenic tumour.

Oral metastases from carcinoma of cervix.

An unusual foreign body in the nose of an adult.

Is non-operative management feasible for splenic injury due to colonoscopy?

Never too early for the opportunists!

Intravitreal ranibizumab in the management of stage 2B Coats disease in a young adult Malay man.

Acute mesenteric ischaemia with infective endocarditis: is there a role for anticoagulation?

Aggressive secondary surgery for local recurrence of pancreatic cancer.

Bimaxillary presentation of central ossifying fibroma: a unique aggressive entity.

Harmonious functional and aesthetic correction of severe localised pregnancy-induced gingival enlargement associated with capillary haemangioma.

Delayed presentation of diencephalic syndrome associated with leptomeningeal dissemination in a child.

Simplified design and precautionary measures in fabrication of a feeding obturator for a newborn with cleft lip and palate.

Anterior hip dislocation in conjunction with a stroke: a diagnosis not to miss.

Crown fracture of the mandibular second primary molars in a 4-year-old child.

Can lenalidomide play a role in the management of scleritis?

Acquired hepatocerebral degeneration.

Refractory PMR with aortitis: life-saving treatment with anti-IL6 monoclonal antibody (tocilizumab) and surgical reconstruction of the ascending aorta.

Laryngospasm during extubation. Can nasogastric tube be the culprit?

Atrioventricular accessory pathway with anterograde decremental conduction property.

Severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia: one and one makes three?

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis with parieto-temporal infarct in a young woman.

Neck abscess associated with a piriform fossa sinus tract in an adult.

Freiberg's infraction.

Laparoscopic fascial suture repair of parastomal hernia.

Prophylactic decompression of extensor pollicis longus to prevent rupture.

A complementary component to atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome.

Unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis with vertebral anomaly.

Symptomatic hypocalcaemia secondary to PTH resistance associated with hypomagnesaemia after elective embolisation of uterine fibroid.

Contribution of brain MRI in a patient diagnosed with 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria.

A 21-year-old woman with mediastinal mass and cardiac arrest.

Sarcoidosis of the pancreas mimicking adenocarcinoma.

Congenital cyst in a rare localisation.

Successful simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET) in lime injury-induced limbal stem cell deficiency with ocular surface granuloma.

Radiotherapy for a benign cause of cauda equina compression in a known case of breast carcinoma.

Melanoma of unknown primary origin presenting as a rapidly enlarging adrenal mass.

A prolonged altered mental status: is it absence status epilepticus?

Diagnosing peritoneal tuberculosis.

Isolated III cranial nerve palsy: a surprising presentation of an acute on chronic subdural haematoma.

Ogilvie's syndrome following caesarean section.

Golfer's swing leads to a spontaneous subcapsular liver haematoma.

Dabigatran, electrical cardioversion and measuring the aPTT. A safety measure or an unnecessary assessment?

Herpes simplex virus encephalitis involving the right thalamus.

An unusual breast mass: primary synovial sarcoma.

Unilateral parotid mass as an unusual presentation of lupus erythematosus profundus.

A localised soft tissue and bone enlargement in an infant mandible.

Maxillofacial prosthesis in a palliative care for terminally ill patient with squamous cell carcinoma.

IgG4-related disease with atypical laryngeal presentation and Behçet/granulomatous polyangiitis mimicking features.

Crohn's disease unmasked following etanercept treatment for ankylosing spondylitis.

How to exhaust your bone marrow.

Clinical presentation of left angular gyrus ischaemic lesion: finger agnosia, acalculia, agraphia, left-right disorientation and episodic autoscopia.

Tumefactive demyelination: an unusual cause of a spontaneously resolving homonymous hemianopia.

Low-grade meningioma showing nearly equal density with spinal fluid on radiographic images.

Primary extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumour of breast.

Persistent headache in a postpartum patient: the investigation and management.

Ring chromosome with deletion 7q in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Central pontine myelinolysis with meticulous correction of hyponatraemia in chronic alcoholics.

Rare sites of delayed metastasis in renal cell carcinoma.

Concomitant acromioclavicular and miliary tuberculosis.

Antiglycine receptor antibody and encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) related to small cell lung cancer.

Beware of gossypibomas.

Multiple long-standing massive oral mandibular granuloma gravidarum (pregnancy tumour).

Mediastinal myelolipoma with leukocytosis.

Beyond the stained back-drop.

'Bird-beak sign' of left atrial thrombus: a guide to management.

Successful management of native-valve Brucella endocarditis with medical therapy alone.

Hyperparathyroidism caused by a functional parathyroid cyst.

Successful treatment of pain in melorheostosis with zoledronate, with improvement on bone scintigraphy.

Spontaneous intraperitoneal haemorrhage from short gastric artery avulsion secondary to forceful retching.

Streptococcus pneumoniae mycotic aneurysm with contiguous vertebral discitis treated by endovascular aortic repair and antibiotics.

Bilateral axillary masses mimicking as accessory breast with multiple fibroadenoma and bilateral gigantomastia in HIV-positive patient.

Rehabilitation of lost vertical dimension with cast post core and cast partial denture.

Bilateral dens evaginatus (talon cusp) in permanent maxillary lateral incisors: a rare developmental dental anomaly with great clinical significance.

Altered mental status and fever.

Advanced testicular cancer in a society of racial and socio-economic health disparity.

Lead intoxication and knee osteoarthritis after a gunshot: long-term follow-up case report.

Laparoscopically assisted repair of an acute traumatic diaphragmatic hernia.

Lightning can strike twice: an unlucky patient of neurological interest.

Glomus jugulare: high index of clinical suspicion is important for optimal management.

A rare case of transmigration of mandibular canine associated with an odontoma.

Cervical nodular fasciitis in a 17-month-old child.

Use of C2 spinous process screw for posterior cervical fixation as substitute for laminar screw in a patient with thin laminae.

Diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by surfactant deficiency: dramatic improvement by azithromycin.

Adductor longus ruptures in elite sportsmen--pitfalls of surgical repair: a report of two cases.

Sinus pauses and high-grade atrioventricular block in Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy with pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism.

Perianal hair as an unusual presentation of non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Massive pulmonary embolus and a precariously positioned thrombus: teetering on a knife edge!

Adolescent haematopyocolpos simulating appendicular abscess.

Asymptomatic submitral aneurysm: an uncommon complication of a common disease.

Rhabdomyosarcoma of spermatic cord in a 65-year-old man presenting as a groin swelling.

Acute phenytoin intoxication in a 4-year-old mimicking viral meningoencephalitis.

Nebulised DNase post-therapeutic bronchoalveolar lavage in near fatal asthma exacerbation in an adult patient refractory to conventional treatment.

Chasing the ACE of hearts.

Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome during pregnancy.

Lymphangioma: surrounding the ovarian vein and ovary.

Intracerebral haemorrhage, anticoagulation and mechanical heart valves: what should I do next?

Diagnostic value of anti-gp210 antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis: a case-based review.

Severe parainfluenza pneumonia in a case of transient hypogammalobulinemia of infancy.

Lenticulostriate artery aneurysm presenting as primary intraventricular haemorrhage.

An unusual posterior fossa tumour in a young child.

Von Meyenburg complexes mimicking metastatic disease at laparotomy for focal nodular hyperplasia.

Proximal base stress fracture of the second metatarsal in a Highland dancer.

Chorea gravidarum: a rarity in West still haunts pregnant women in the East.

Inadvertent left ventricular pacing through a patent foramen ovale: identification, management and implications for postpacemaker implantation checks.

Post-traumatic delayed onset pectoralis myospasm secondary to -Î³ dysfunction.

Recurrent venous thrombosis in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type III: an atypical manifestation.

Streptococcus agalactiae endogenous endophthalmitis.

Diffuse perforated necrotising amoebic colitis with histoplasmosis in an immunocompetent individual presenting as an acute abdomen.

Growth of corneal epithelial cells over in situ therapeutic contact lens after simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET).

Aneurysmal bone cyst of thoracic spine: case report and brief review of literature.

Dentin dysplasia type I.

Management of refractory irritable bowel syndrome and comorbid mental ill-health: challenges, reflections and patient's perspective of life on the body-mind divide.

A clinically hidden but severely destructive entity.

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis mimicking septic shock after the initiation of chemotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the neck.

Bleomycin-induced flagellate dermatitis.

Tubercular thyroid abscess.

An asymptomatic orthodontic bracket in the mandibular alveolar bone region.

Brugada syndrome with elevated cardiac biomarkers.

Spermatic cord liposarcoma: organ-sparing surgery.

Femoral arteriovenous fistula associated with calf pain 2 months after removal of a haemodialysis catheter.

Eschar: an important clue to diagnosis.

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour.

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: a rare cause of right heart failure.

Catatonia and parkinsonism as a sequelae of typhoid fever: a rare experience.

Diagnosis demystified: CT as diagnostic tool in endodontics.

Bilateral knee extensor disruption in severe crouch gait.

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome: a rare case report.

Florid osseous dysplasia.

Urethral tumour: rare images of unaware entity.

Metal impaction: an unusual cause of dysphagia.

Jejuno-jejunal intussusception: an unusual complication of feeding jejunostomy.

Portal pyaemia secondary to open haemorrhoidectomy: need for prophylactic broad spectrum antibiotics.

Dancing vegetations: Kocuria rosea endocarditis.

Mixed pyogenic and tuberculous liver abscess: clinical suspicion is what matters.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension and transverse sinus stenoses.

Hypoglycaemia begets hypoglycaemia.

A lumpy appendix.

Surgical intervention for adnexal masses during pregnancy.

Mycotic aneurysm: a rare and dreaded complication of infective endocarditis.

Aggressive fibromatosis (desmoid tumour) of the head and neck: a benign neoplasm with high recurrence.

Acrodermatitis enteropathica-like skin lesions in a neonate.

Recurrent ventricular fibrillation under sufficient medical treatment in patient with coronary artery spasm.

Necrotising fasciitis of odontogenic origin.

Cutaneous metastases secondary to colorectal carcinoma may not be as ominous as previously thought: a case report and review of the literature.

Use of IABP in contrast media-induced anaphylactic shock: the ultimate lifesaver.

Entrapment of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the calf.

A 'crowned' epiglottis.

'Popeye the Sailor': facial emphysema after a surface-supplied air dive.

Pyopneumopericardium and empyema thoracis from perforated oesophageal cancer.

Sinus pericranii in a young adult with chronic headache.

'Smoking left atrium': an alarm to be vigilant and aggressive.

An unusual oro-naso-sinus communication resulting from heroin and cocaine snorting.

Sun, iron, alcohol and intrinsic liver disease: a recipe for failure.

Synchronous colorectal neoplasms in ulcerative pancolitis of 6 years duration: pathological and molecular heterogeneity.

An innovative technique to restore velopharyngeal incompetency for a patient with cleft lip and palate.

Non-pancreatic retroperitoneal pseudocyst: a benign disease with non-specific symptoms.

Truth under a masquerade!

Familial Mediterranean fever without fever as a cause of monoarthritis.

Successful retrieval of a fractured and embolised Judkin's catheter during a coronary angiogram.

Solitary fibrous tumour of the pleura masquerading as catecholamine-secreting paraganglioma.

Neonatal obstructed Treitz's hernia with abdominal cocoon simulating volvulus neonatorum.

First permanent molar root development arrest associated with compound odontoma.

Acute lymphocitic leukaemia and AIDS.

Auricular pseudocyst in a woman.

Discordant U waves in the setting of hyperkalaemia.

Xanthomatous oophoritis following uterine artery embolisation: successful conservative surgical management with favourable outcome.

Intratracheal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour mimicking severe acute asthma.

Diagnosing psoriatic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint: a study in radiographic images.

Upper oesophageal foreign body with acute respiratory distress.

Giant frontal intraparenchymal schwannoma: unexpected diagnosis.

Opera glass hands: the phenotype of arthritis mutilans.

Pulmonary artery catheter coiled in the main pulmonary artery trunk.

Scapular bone destruction: do not forget to think of tuberculosis in endemic areas.

Radicular cyst of primary tooth associated with maxillary sinus.

Subacute liver failure secondary to black cohosh leading to liver transplantation.

'Occam's Scissors': opportunistic infections in advanced HIV infection.

The potential for antimicrobials to adversely affect mental state.

The ischaemic ECG: is it all in the head?

Disabling bony ankylosis of hip, knee and axial spine in a neglected patient of ankylosing spondylitis.

Severe thrombocytopenia due to hypersplenism treated with partial splenic embolisation.

An unusual cause of a haemorrhagic stroke: acquired haemophilia A.

An unusual presentation of posterior fossa ependymoma in a child.

Tissue regeneration mesh reinforcement during abdominoplasty for severe myoaponeurotic laxity after pregnancy.

Temporal skin folds in a female infant with an unbalanced translocation with breakpoints Xq22.1 and 6p22.3: a new association?

Facial asymmetry: silent sinus syndrome.

CT and MRI findings of renal infestation by a huge active hydatid cyst.

Mesenteric ischaemia with massive hepatic portal venous gas.

A misdiagnosed burn: necrotising fasciitis in an elderly patient.

CD34-negative solitary fibrous tumour resistant to imatinib.

A traumatic case of fat embolism.

Mauskopf facies.

Fever of unknown origin and the role of Plasmodium vivax in Sao Paulo.

Acute dystonia mimicking angioedema of the tongue: a video-illustrated case.

Ileocecal lipohyperplasia presenting as a chronic sideropenic anaemia.

Intracardiac thrombosis in polycythemia vera.

Severe neonatal complication of transverse lie after preterm premature rupture of membranes.

Neonatal lupus with atypical cardiac and cutaneous manifestation.

Sleep-related psychosis.

Acquired vascular malformation in ruptured caesarean section scar: a rare cause of life-threatening vaginal bleeding.

Failure of anti-TNF therapy to reactivate previously septic prosthetic joints.

What should I know before ordering a bone marrow aspiration/biopsy in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency?

Imatinib in neurofibromatosis type 2.

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour in mandible in a 14-year-old boy.

Cold-induced urticaria: challenges in diagnosis and management.

Erasmus syndrome with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Acute primary herpetic gingivostomatitis.

An exceptionally large giant lipoma of the hand.

Ileal atresia secondary to antenatal strangulation of Littre's hernia in an exomphalos minor.

Tenofovir-related Fanconi's syndrome and osteomalacia in a teenager with HIV.

Unilateral swollen optic disc: do not forget neurosyphilis.

Ellis-van Creveld syndrome.

Cerebral venous thrombosis due to cryptogenic organising pneumopathy with antiphospholipid syndrome worsened by heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.

The silver man: a rare cosmetic complication of alternative medicine.

Unicompartment compartment syndrome following laparascopic colonic resection.

Treatment of superficial siderosis with iron chelation therapy.

A pedoprosthetic rehabilitation in patients with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC).

Ameloblastic fibroma: an uncommon entity.

Primary aortic thrombus in young: a rare site, a novel treatment.

Adrenal crisis in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia.

Confusion after starting citalopram in a renal transplant patient.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa intrapetrous internal carotid artery mycotic aneurysm--a complication of mastoiditis: first reported case.

Renal metastasis of an ovarian granulosa cell tumour inducing growth of a cystic nephroma.

Microstomia: entry made easy in no entry (with sectional tray and sectional denture).

Foreign body mimicking a herpes simplex dendritic ulcer in the cornea.

Orbital apex tumour caused by chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: an unlikely suspect.

Treatment of maxillary central incisor with external root resorption using mineral trioxide aggregate: 18 months follow-up.

A non-progressive signet patient with ring cell gastric adenocarcinoma who survived for 6 years without treatment.

Internal resorption.

Primary perivascular epithelioid cell tumour (PEComa) of the liver.

Rarity revisited: cryptococcal peritonitis.

Synchronous breast and colon cancer: factors determining treatment strategy.

Successful treatment of soft tissue radionecrosis injury with hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

'Golden Kernels within the skin': disseminated cutaneous gout.

In-hospital herpes simplex encephalitis after open heart surgery: an emerging pathology or an under-recognised condition?

Late presentation of TAPVC with multiple cerebral abscesses.

Not your usual diarrhoea: severe colonic toxicity of mycophenolate due to intestinal CMV and EBV infection.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following infectious mononucleosis in a toddler.

Atypical hemifacial spasm due to vertebral artery dolichoectasia: rare cause of a rarer clinical entity.

Neonatal prolapsed patent vitellointestinal duct.

Intracranial tuberculoma in motor cortex: a central cause of isolated unilateral foot drop.

Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis in a patient with keloid over ear lobule.

Allogenous tooth fragment reattachment.

Spinal osteomyelitis due to Mycobacterium fortuitum in a former intravenous drug user.

Surgical management of iatrogenic perforation in maxillary central incisor using mineral trioxide aggregate.

Giant vulvar basal cell carcinoma.

Snowboard, wakeboard, dashboard? Isolated fracture of the lateral process of the talus in a high-speed road traffic accident.

Cannonball shadow in the lungs and pulmonary embolism in a young man.

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus progressing to encephalitis: beware pain preceding the rash.

Huntington's disease masquerading as spinocerebellar ataxia.

Aspiration thrombectomy in concert with stent thrombectomy.

Paget-Schrotter syndrome and complications of management.

Fracture tooth fragment reattachment.

Cardiac involvement as the main presenting feature in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Asymptomatic lunotriquetral coalition: an incidental radiographic finding.

Hybrid peripheral ameloblastoma of cheek mucosa.

Skull base osteomyelitis presenting with an isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy.

Anaphylactic shock and cardiac arrest caused by thiamine infusion.

Cementifying fibroma.

Jung's archetype, 'The Wounded Healer', mental illness in the medical profession and the role of the health humanities in psychiatry.

Bilateral renal cell carcinoma in a paediatric patient with tuberous sclerosis complex.

Cutis verticis gyrata as a clinical manifestation of Touraine-Solente-Gole' syndrome (pachydermoperiostosis).

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome associated with haloperidol use in critical care setting: should haloperidol still be considered the drug of choice for the management of delirium in the critical care setting?

Capsular warning syndrome.

Neurological improvement following reinstitution of a low phenylalanine diet after 20 years in established phenylketonuria.

Bilateral radix entomolaris with primary and permanent mandibular first molars.

Pleuroperitoneal leak in a peritoneal dialysis patient.

A foreign body of the larynx misdiagnosed as vocal cord paralysis.

Stone in ureterocele peeping through ureteric orifice.

Left ventricular non-compaction presenting with heart failure and intramural thrombus.

New development of cardiac tamponade on underlying effusive-constrictive pericarditis: an uncommon initial presentation of scleroderma.

Reflex gelastic-dacrystic seizures following hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy.

Ewing sarcoma of the adrenal gland: a rare entity.

Carpal tunnel syndrome due to a plexiform neurofibroma of the median nerve in a neurofibromatosis type 1 patient: clinical approach

Acute psychosis as a presentation of hypopituitarism.

Testicular epidermoid cysts.

Acute visceral obstruction.

Hepatic visceral larva migrans.

Exsanguinated uterus after massive atonic postpartum haemorrhage.

Ring-enhancing lesions in the brain and spinal cord.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome and neurofibromatosis type 1 with multiple neurofibromas of the entire spinal nerve roots

Severe eyelid oedema in Graves' ophthalmopathy.

A popliteal aneurysm with upper thigh extension: a tip of the iceberg finding.

Phantom tumour of the lung.

Multiple glomuvenous malformations presenting in a child: follow-up over a period of 8 years.

Relapsing fevers and lymphadenopathy in a young woman.

Spine and scapular pain: an unusual presentation of colon adenocarcinoma.

Fountain of steroid from an ectopic ACTH-producing tumour.

Aspiration of a speaking valve.

Sepsis mimicking thyroid storm in a patient with methimazole-induced agranulocytosis.

Gelatinous bone marrow transformation secondary to unusual eating habits and drastic weight loss.

Unusual cause of menorrhagia.

Rotavirus-infected children with clinically mild encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS).

High dose thiamine improves fatigue in multiple sclerosis.

A simple and inexpensive retainer for overdenture prosthesis.

Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome in childhood: presentation with an inferior caval vein mass.

Speech aid prosthesis.

Laughter-induced syncope.

Coronary ectasia: manifesting as acute coronary syndrome.

Magical NiTi expander.

Reversible retinopathy associated with oral deferasirox therapy.

Intravitreal ranibizumab in choroidal neovascularisation due to multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis syndrome.

Actinomyces naeslundii and Eikenella corrodens as rare causes of liver abscesses.

What is in? Pneumoperitoneum after sexual intercourse.

Renal arteriovenous malformation: an unusual cause of recurrent haematuria.

Epulis fissuratum: consequence of ill-fitting prosthesis.

Back pain in a previously healthy teenager.

An unusual foreign body in the eye.

Marin-Amat syndrome: a case of acquired facial synkinesis.

Brainstem tuberculosis.

Cardiac tamponade: an initial presentation of SLE.

The adult Tillaux fracture: one not to miss.

An unusual cause of acute abdominal pain in a young man.

Chilaiditi syndrome: a case of missed diagnosis.

Central giant cell granuloma: a case report.

A surprise behind a case of winter vomiting virus.

Keratinous inclusion cyst of oesophagus: unusual finding.

Disorder of sex development as a diagnostic clue in the first Spanish known newborn with P450 oxidoreductase deficiency.

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: innocuous but distressing.

Acute respiratory failure in a rapidly enlarging benign cervical goitre.

ACE inhibitor-induced intestinal angio-oedema: rare adverse effect of a common drug.

Spontaneous triple coronary artery dissection in a 78-year-old woman resolved angiographically with anticoagulation and medical management.

Brugada electrocardiographic findings in an 80-year-old man.

Haemorrhagic stroke or hyperglycaemia?

A rapid increase in the normal white cell counts without blasts as the initial presentation of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Familial ectodermal dysplasia: a peers' agony.

Mediterranean spotted fever with involvement of the gastrointestinal tract.

Congenitally corrected transposition of the great vessels associated with morphological right ventricular non-compaction presenting with supraventricular tachycardia.

An unusual nasopharyngeal foreign body with unusual presentation as nasal regurgitation and change in voice.

Adrenal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour.

Bilateral macrostomia.

Yet more knots in the radial artery, unravelling purely by counter clockwise rotation.

The retrieval of the diagnostic catheter which broke and embolised twice.

Difficulty with learning of exercise instructions associated with 'working memory' dysfunction and frontal glucose hypometabolism in a patient with very mild subcortical vascular dementia with knee osteoarthritis.

New onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) as the heralding manifestation of herpes simplex encephalitis.

Gestational hypertrophy of the breast.

Radiographic illusion of cardiomegaly resulting from a pulmonary blastoma in a patient imaged for evaluation of chronic bronchitis.

Intramucosal nevus of buccal mucosa in a male child.

Skin rash in a patient with infectious mononucleosis.

Diagnosis of a left lower pulmonary vein thrombus by 64-MDCT.

Aesthetic acceptance equals to nature's compensation plus surgical correction.

Pneumoperitoneum: a rare air leak in an infant with bronchiolitis and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation.

Management of large segmental tibial defects using locking IM nail and absorbable mesh.

Successful catheter directed thrombolysis in postpartum deep venous thrombosis complicated by nicoumalone-induced skin necrosis and failure in retrieval of inferior vena caval filter.

Capillary haemangioma in a 13-year-old boy.

Successful treatment of mobile right atrial thrombus and acute pulmonary embolism with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator.

The importance of monitoring feeding tubes in mucous fistulae.

Ischaemic diverticular disease may mimic acute appendicitis.

Bleeding from oesophageal varices in pregnancy.

Paraoesophageal omental hernia.

A complication of Artificial Urinary Sphincter: migration of pump onto the rectus sheath in a patient with cauda equina syndrome.

Cyscicerci in the longus colli in disseminated cysticercosis: an unusual location for a common endemic disease.

The use of cannabinoids in chronic pain.

Addison's disease and its associations.

Supernumerary teeth in primary dentition.

Unilateral single-rooted primary mandibular first molar.

Unconventional prosthodontics for the aesthetic rehabilitation of discoloured rotated maxillary central incisor.

Giant aneurysm of right sinus of valsalva in a HIV-infected patient with extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Dens invaginatus type II associated with an impacted mesiodens: a 3-year follow-up.

Management of type 1 diabetes mellitus using in vitro autologous adipose tissue trans-differentiated insulin-making cells.

Basidiobolomycosis a mysterious fungal infection mimic small intestinal and colonic tumour with renal insufficiency and ominous outcome.

Sarcoidosis patient: an unexpected reaction to carbonic anhydrase enzyme inhibitor.

Olfactory dysfunction as first presenting symptom of cranial fibrous dysplasia.

Chronic hepatitis C therapy: a rare complication revisited.

Cardiac amyloidosis masquerading as biventricular hypertrophy in a patient with multiple myeloma.

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhosis: varix or no varix?

Nodular pulmonary sarcoidosis presenting as acute chest pain.

Catatonic schizophrenia: therapeutic challenges and potentially a new role for electroconvulsive therapy?

Do not forget the contralateral side: late onset bilateral carotid dissecting aneurysms.

Rapidly progressive foot drop: an uncommon and underappreciated cause of Chiari I malformation and holocord syrinx.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with Good's syndrome.

Perineal scar endometriosis: a comparison of two cases.

An unusual cause of constipation in a 72-year-old man with a rising creatinine.

How to find a thrombus in a small pulmonary vein that is not enhanced by contrast agents because of a lack of arterial blood flow.

Hybrid in situ replacement for Samson group V Staphylococcus aureus aortic graft infection.

Epiploic appendagitis with acute appendicitis.

Intestinal obstruction secondary to adhesions in an infant with cystic fibrosis.

Delayed presentation of ACE inhibitor-induced angio-oedema.

Neonatal-perforated appendix forming antibioma masquerading as duodenal duplication.

A neonate with facial asymmetry.

The combination of pure oesophageal atresia with an associated missed H-type tracheo-oesophageal fistula.

Primary ovarian non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Massive splenomegaly.

Propriospinal myoclonus: is it always psychogenic?

Mosaic trisomy 13 and a sacral appendage.

Patient with rheumatoid arthritis on methotrexate with multiple infecting organisms causing gastritis.

Vitamin Supplementary unmonitored prescription can be dangerous.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome with documented hyponatraemia.

Two cases of rare benign mucosal lesions of the stomach.

Successful treatment of disseminated mucormycosis in a neutropenic patient with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

T-condylar fractures of the distal humerus in children: report on three cases.

A left atrial mass in a patient with atrial fibrillation and previous renal cancer.

CAPS: a rare acute abdomen.

Solitary lumbar osteochondroma presenting with spinal cord compression.

Paediatric recurrent herpetic whitlow.

Presentation of solitary caecal diverticulitum imitating acute appendicitis.

Covered stents may provide extra protection during carotid artery stenting in high risk patients with an excessive thrombus burden.

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome secondary to antituberculosis drugs and associated with human herpes virus-7 (HHV-7).

Primary orbital chronic granulomatous reaction to deep staphylococcal infection due to trauma in immunocompetent.

Nocardia pneumonia in an HIV-infected neonate presenting as acute necrotising pneumonia.

Uterine torsion mimicking supine hypotension syndrome after regional anaesthesia.

Post-traumatic basal ganglia haemorrhage in a child with primary central nervous system lymphoma.

Intracranial aneurysm arising from infundibular dilation.

SACRAL syndrome.

'Mend the bend': a report of two cases of labial dilacerated and palatal dilacerated crown.

Laparoscopic reduction of ileoileal intussusception in Henoch-Schonlein purpura.

Collet-Sicard syndrome as a result of unilateral carotid artery dissection.

Pancreatic transection as a result of a high-pressure water jet injury.

Inferior gastroschisis.

Acute neonatal presentation of a lymphatic malformation.

Prostate cancer with metastases to the kidney: a rare manifestation of a common disease.

Diaphragmatic hernia mimicking hydropneumothorax: common error in emergency department.

Endometrial stromal sarcoma of the uterus presenting as pulmonary metastasis.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) with vocal cord palsy: baffling presentation of a benign tumour

Intestinal adenocarcinoma in an augmented ileocystoplasty.

Femoral artery rupture during total hip arthroplasty.

Sarcoidosis as a cause of unappreciated hypercalcaemia in a patient with end-stage renal disease on peritoneal dialysis.

Terlipressin induced ischaemia of skin.

Primary oral tuberculosis.

Spontaneous splenic rupture in a patient with small-cell lung cancer.

Tuberculosis of bilateral first costotransverse joints.

Entrapment of a micro-guidewire during stenting of basilar stenosis

Unusual choroidal mass.

Acute central retinal vein occlusion following episode of myopericarditis in an adolescent patient.

Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia as a manifestation of SLE and secondary Sjogren's syndrome.

An unusual intracardiac electrogram showing cause for false electrical discharge from an ICD.

A headache presenting in the emergency room, a clinical manifestation of an unfortunate diagnosis (grade III left frontal anaplastic ependymoma with 1p deletion).

Transient hemiparesis due to a ruptured cerebral aneurysm in the prehospital setting.

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding, chronic pancreatitis and a near miss.

Acute confusional migraine: a variant not to be missed.

Giant left ventricular pseudoaneurysm following acute inferior wall myocardial infarction presenting with acute left ventricular failure: a rare complication.

Unusual behaviour of a pineal germinoma mimicking neurosarcoidosis and metastasising along the endoscopic route.

A complex neurological presentation of syphilis.

Primary peritoneal hydatidosis.

Acute brachial diparesis.

Detection and differential diagnosis of suspected malignant transformation of an endometrioma during pregnancy.

Non-surgical management of superior mesenteric artery thrombosis using spinal cord stimulation.

A rare presentation of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis associated with tubercular meningitis.

First evidence of asymptomatic infection related to the Araucaria (Juquitiba-like) hantavirus.

Paraganglioma of urinary bladder.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia and pregnancy.

Malignancy knows no boundaries.

Human parvovirus B19 associated dilated cardiomyopathy.

A 'benign' condition masquerading as arthritis.

Anomalous left main coronary artery origin, silent ischaemia, risk of sudden death: a triad detected by combining coronary CT and dipyridamole SPECT.

Immunodeficiency, centromeric region instability and facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome diagnosed in an adult who is now a long-term survivor.

Late relapse of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy postallogenic transplant in a young patient with CLL.

Intestinal complications of Behçet's disease.

Endovascular management of ruptured common iliac mycotic aneurysm in an HIV-positive patient.

Recurrent confusional episodes associated with hypomagnesaemia due to esomeprazol.

Asymptomatic anomalous left anterior descending artery arising from the right coronary artery with a rare anterior course.

Progression of thrombogenesis in large coronary aneurysms during anticoagulant therapy in a Buerger's disease patient.

Bleeding associated with acquired factor V inhibitor in a patient on warfarin treated successfully with prednisolone.

Testicular mass with intracerebral lesions: malignancy or infection?

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma mimics retroperitoneal fibrosis.

Airway obstruction from accidental ingestion of a live fish.

Lung herniation: an uncommon presentation of Poland's syndrome in a neonate at birth.

Acquired haemophilia A initially diagnosed as angioedema.

Purpura fulminans caused by meningococcemia in an infant.

An uncommon cause of haemoptysis in a 69-year-old women.

Association of possible osteopetrosis with acute myeloid leukaemia in a child.

Appendico-cutaneous fistula 20 years after groin hernia repair with a polypropylene plug.

Intermittent balloon occlusion to favor nidal penetration during embolization of arteriovenous malformations: a technique modification.

Vertebral osteomyelitis caused by Mycobacterium abscessus.

A novel use for myocardial perfusion scans: diagnosis of bile duct injury.

Quetiapine may reduce hospital admission rates in patients with mental health problems and alcohol addiction.

Î³-Benzene hexachloride poisoning leading to acute hepatorenal decompensation.

Naltrexone may block euphoria-like placebo effect.

Agranulocytosis with deferiprone treatment of superficial siderosis.

Ovarian dermoid cyst with teeth.

Full-term broad ligament pregnancy.

Metatarsal metastasis as the presenting feature of occult colorectal carcinoma.

Cholesterol granuloma of the breast mimicking malignancy.

Incidental cardiac papillary fibroelastoma: a management dilemma.

Recruitment bronchoscopy by trans-glottic approach successfully treated lung collapse in an intubated mechanically ventilated patient.

Macrocytosis in Crohn's disease: a devastating blast.

Empty scrotum: undescended testis or ectopic?

Avulsion fracture of the anterior cruciate ligament in a 9-year-old child.

Fatal migration of an endobronchial stent into the pulmonary artery.

Peripheral osteoma of the body of mandible.

Preoperative L1 and L2 paravertebral block is an effective postoperative analgesia for hip arthroscopy in a multimodal analgesic regimen.

The 'gap' in the 'plasma osmolar gap'.

Tattoo pigment in axillary lymph node mimicking calcification of breast cancer.

Immeasurable glycosylated haemoglobin: a marker for severe haemolysis.

Solitary plasmocytoma of the skull.

Should anyone still be taking simvastatin 80 mg?

Cervical pregnancy with massive bleeding after treatment with methotrexate.

Prevertebral paraspinal inflammation presenting with acute abdominal pain.

Atypical presentation of postoperative faecal peritonitis in an elderly patient.

Radiological diagnosis of a small bowel perforation secondary to toothpick ingestion.

Syncope: there is more than haemodynamic failure.

Gluteal compartment syndrome with severe rhabdomyolysis.

Partial priapism.

Bilateral cystoid macular oedema and cotton wool spots associated with Henoch-Schonlein purpura.

Hypothyroidism and acute kidney injury: an unusual association.

Classic neuroimaging, the bird's eye view in Wilson's disease.

Unique case of latent left ventricular obstruction in Takayasu arteritis.

Unusual cause of acquired RBBB.

Bilateral medial medullary syndrome secondary to Takayasu arteritis.

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis presenting as liver failure following Epstein-Barr and prior hepatitis A infections.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension as an initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Inadequate testosterone suppression after medical and subsequent surgical castration in a patient with prostate cancer.

The first case report of McLeod syndrome in a Chinese patient.

Eggshell calcification.

Basal ganglia calcification.

Fungal arthritis of the hip in patient with aplastic anaemia.

Failure to obtain microbiological culture and its consequence in a mesh-related infection.

Skin resurfacing in a circumferential full thickness burn to the penis: lessons learnt.

Spindle cell lipoma.

Oral lichen planus in a young Indian child.

Antepartum fetal bladder rupture leading to urinary ascitis: attempt to rescue by placement of peritoneo-amniotic shunt.

Of little yellow men and a fear of the light.

Cervical teratoma simulating thyroglossal cyst.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a child with Henoch-Schonlein purpura.

Cardio-respiratory failure secondary to ectopic Cushing's syndrome as the index presentation of small-cell lung cancer.

Woman with chest pain and shortness of breath since age 18.

Target delineation for radiosurgery of a small brain arteriovenous malformation using high-resolution contrast-enhanced cone beam CT.

Wandering peripherally inserted central catheter tip: an under-recognised intensivist challenge.

Chronic empyema: importance of preventing complications in the management of pleural effusions.

Giant intrascrotal lipoma.

Subacute bilateral vision loss resulting from dengue maculopathy.

Complicated bile duct stones.

Spontaneous adrenal haemorrhage in early pregnancy.

Transverse colon perforation due to carcinoma rectum: an unusual presentation against Laplace's law.

Management of post-treatment exacerbated temperomandibular disorder.

A complicated case of altered sensorium.

Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage associated with aerosol propellant use.

Probable transmission of Yersinia enterocolitica from a pet dog with diarrhoea to a 1-year-old infant.

Acute perforated appendicitis in femoral hernia sac: CT imaging findings.

Fatal upper gastrointestinal bleed arising from duodenal varices secondary to undiagnosed portal hypertension.

Plantar fascia calcification a sequelae of corticosteroid injection in the treatment of recalcitrant plantar fasciitis.

Spontaneous rupture of splenic artery psuedoaneurysm into stomach: an uncommon presentation.

Azathioprine-induced acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweet's syndrome).

Migration of a fractured ventriculoperitoneal shunt into the scrotum: a rare complication.

Susac's syndrome: an immune mediated endotheliopathy laden with challenges and controversies.

Renal denervation in fibromuscular dysplasia.

Invasive pneumococcal disease complicated by cerebral vasculitis, transient diabetes insipidus and spondylodiscitis.

Delayed postirradiation camptocormia.

Sustained antidepressant response to ketamine.

Endometriosis of extra-pelvic round ligament, a diagnostic dilemma for physicians.

Idiopathic acquired dacryocystocele treated with endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

Diagnostic challenge of a complication of pneumoconiosis.

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis presenting as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and pseudotumour cerebri.

Hypereosinophilic syndrome secondary to strongyloides infection: a case of recurrent asthma exacerbations.

Coinfection of pulmonary mucormycosis and aspergillosis presenting as bilateral vocal cord palsy.

Acute respiratory failure secondary to mesalamine-induced interstitial pneumonitis.

Clarithromycin-induced haemorrhagic colitis.

The pericallosal lipoma mimicking deep cerebral vein thrombus.

Multiple haemangiomas, diaphragmatic eventration and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: an unusual association.

Sphenoidal sinus mucocele presenting with acute visual loss in a scuba diver.

Penile fracture with urethral injury: evaluation by contrast imaging.

Bilateral transverse sinus stenosis causing intracranial hypertension.

Intraprocedural parenchymal blood volume as a marker of reperfusion status in acute ischemic stroke intervention.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia associated with oesophageal atresia and tracheo-oesophageal fistula in a low birth weight infant.

Unusual delayed presentation of head trauma complicating outcome of facial nerve decompression surgery.

A giant spinal arterial aneurysm in a child presenting as quadriparesis.

Lung abscess complicating pneumococcal pneumonia: a causal role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs?

Novel psychoactive substances: a novel clinical challenge.

Fusobacterium necrophorum: a rare cause of hepatic abscess in an immunocompetent individual.

Malrotation with transverse colon volvulus in early pregnancy: a rare cause for acute intestinal obstruction.

Laparoscopic management of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) presenting with chronic non-ischaemic jejuno-jejunal intussusception in an adolescent girl.

Uraemic lung in severe azotaemia.

Acute onset anarthria without hepatic manifestation: a rare presentation of Wilson disease.

Tuberculous meningitis.

EBV-driven diffuse large B-cell lymphoma confined to the liver in a patient with a history of idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia.

Isolated cerebellar tuberculoma mimicking posterior cranial fossa tumour.

Massive per rectal bleeding in a child due to caecal arteriovenous malformation treated successfully by embolisation.

Low complement levels in paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus and the risk of bacteraemia.

Isolated sacral dislocation in a 4-year-old child.

Difficulty in the intravesical morcellation procedure for leiomyoma of the prostate enucleated by HoLEP.

Spinal cord schistosomiasis presenting as a spinal cord syndrome.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis: an accidental discovery of a lingual thyroid in a 7-year-old child.

Torted gallbladder causing massive distension and gross necrosis; a rare surgical emergency.

Acute thyroid swelling and elevated C reactive protein.

Vasculitis of the gallbladder in early rheumatoid arthritis.

Candida dubliniensis encrustation of an obstructing upper renal tract calculus.

Neonatal meningitis associated with osteomyelitis and epidural empyema.

Correction of class II division I malocclusion after extraction using Roth prescription.

Unilateral adrenal infarction in pregnancy.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome revealing renal artery stenosis in a child.

Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive staphylococcus aureus necrotising pneumonia complicating pandemic A(H1N1) influenza infection.

Indirect laminate veneer: a conservative novel approach.

Atypical abdominal pain: post-traumatic transverse colon stricture.

A fatal case of pure metaphyseal chondroblastoma.

Aesthetic finger prosthesis with silicone biomaterial.

Dyspnoea caused by a Chilaiditi syndrome: contribution of the non-invasive ventilation.

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle causing thoracic outlet syndrome.

Spontaneous intestinal haematoma associated with neurofibromatosis type-1.

Unusual cause of cholestatic jaundice in a patient with AIDS.

Recurrent pneumatosis intestinalis in a patient with dermatomyositis.

Management of sublingual ulceration in a 12-month-old child.

Lobar haemorrhagic mass in a young girl with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Glenohumeral joint tuberculosis with multiple cold abscesses: an uncommon cause of shoulder pain.

'Floating' left atrial appendage in an infant with chylopericardium.

Retraction. A rare occurrence of peripheral ossifying fibroma in the first decade of life and its management.

Retraction. Maxillary adenomatoid odontogenic tumour.

Suppression of respiratory papillomatosis with malignant transformation by erlotinib in a kidney transplant recipient.

High-dose thiamine as initial treatment for Parkinson's disease.

Clinical and histological resolution of collagenous sprue following gluten-free diet and discontinuation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Primer hydatid cyst of the deltoid muscle.

Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from pericardial fluid using the new Xpert MTB/RIF assay.

Spontaneous subdural haemorrhage in a child with bilateral middle cranial fossa arachnoid cysts.

Illustrating the relevance of updated diagnostic criteria for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a teaching neurocase.

Cold finger: urban frostbite in the UK.

Retraction. Odontomas--silent tormentors of teeth eruption, shedding and occlusion.

Bilateral ovarian malignant mixed Mullerian tumour: a rare entity.

Listening to the head and not the heart: subarachnoid haemorrhage associated with severe acute left ventricular failure.

Giant pilomatricoma in a patient with tuberous sclerosis, both diagnosed in the adult life.

Finger prosthesis: a boon to handicapped.

Perimetric demonstration of spontaneous visual field recovery following occipital lobe haemorrhage.

Fever, ulcers and joint pain: an incidental finding of oesophageal dysmotility.

An unexpected cause of right heart strain.

Cardiorespiratory arrest secondary to tracheostomy cuff herniation.

Yoga in the form of breathing exercises: a bane for some.

Another rare cause of encephalopathy.

Right giant atrial thrombosis and pulmonary embolism complicating pacemaker leads.

MSSA brain abscess and pyomyositis presenting as brain tumour and DVT.

Cardiac transplant in a family pedigree of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy secondary to a mutation in the AMP gene.

Ortner's syndrome: a rare cause of hoarseness.

Diagnostic challenges in movement disorders: Sensory Ataxia Neuropathy Dysarthria and Ophthalmoplegia (SANDO) syndrome.

Use of transoesophageal echocardiography in endovascular stenting for superior vena cava syndrome.

Autoimmune limbic encephalitis presenting as relapsing psychosis.

Cytomegalovirus-associated gastric ulcer: a diagnostic challenge in a patient of fulminant hepatitis with steroid pulse therapy.

A novel subtype of myeloproliferative disorder? JAK2V617F-associated hypereosinophilia with hepatic venous thrombosis.

Gaucher disease with pathological femoral neck fracture.

Spontaneous abdominal arteriovenous fistula and polysplenia in a child presenting with brain abscess.

A novel management strategy for subungual exostosis.

Late presentation of lung sequestration.

Cocaine-induced leg ulceration.

For the fear of doctors: a late presentation of lung cancer.

Extramedullary relapse of multiple myeloma in the thyroid cartilage.

Eighteen months of anterior chamber inflammation.

Spectrum of rheumatic heart disease in single patient.

Acute chorea-dystonia heralding diabetes mellitus.

Mononeuritis multiplex in a patient with B-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia: a diagnostic challenge.

Apathetic syndrome from carotid dissection: a dangerous condition.

Intact neurological outcome after neurointerventional treatment for intracranial venous thrombosis with straight sinus involvement.

A necrotising ulcer after rescuing a kitten.

Mechanical endovascular procedure for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke caused by total detachment of a papillary fibroelastoma.

Childhood dermatomyositis recurring in adulthood half a century later.

Simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothoraces in a patient with occupational asthma.

Rheumatic mitral stenosis simulating double-orifice mitral valve.

A rare large symptomatic simple hepatic cyst.

Water under the bridge: a rare case of scrotal cystocele.

Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae infective endocarditis in a renal transplant recipient: compromised host or virulent strain?

Postexertional harlequin syndrome with spontaneous improvement.

Cholecystoduodenal fistula in a patient post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Ischaemic stroke secondary to paradoxical emboli through an arteriovenous malformation of the lung in a patient with known breast cancer.

Postpartum spontaneous pneumomediastinum 'Hamman's syndrome'.

Cellular non-specific interstitial pneumonia masquerading as congestive heart failure.

Seeing the unseen: diagnosing acromegaly in a dental setup.

Isolated unilateral absent patella and contralateral small patella.

Small cell carcinoma of the oesophagus: a rare cause of dysphagia.

You are too brash if you ignore the rash.

Ancient schwannoma mimicking a thyroid mass with retrosternal extension.

Lateral talonavicular dislocation after low-energy trauma.

Complex sacral fracture.

Acute pancreatitis and severe hypertriglyceridaemia masking unsuspected underlying diabetic ketoacidosis.

Sarcoid panuveitis associated with etanercept treatment, resolving with adalimumab.

Remember kerion celsi.

Rapid recovery of membrane cofactor protein (MCP; CD46) associated atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome with plasma exchange.

Pituitary apoplexy initially mistaken for bacterial meningitis.

A newborn internal and external malformations.

Rickets in the tropics: not always nutritional.

Uncontrolled hyperglycaemia: a reversible cause of hemichorea-hemiballismus.

Cryptococcal lymphadenitis: an unusual initial presentation of HIV infection.

Small bowel evisceration through the anus in rectal prolapse in an Indian male patient.

An unusual recurrence of dysembroplastic neuroepithelial tumours after a seizure-free period of 8 years.

Infiltrating angiolipoma of the cheek.

Atypical features in a patient with acute promyelocytic leukaemia: a potential diagnostic pitfall.

Intravitreal bevacizumab as an adjunct in the management of a vascular choroidal granuloma.

Osteoma of temporomandibular joint: a rarity.

Actinomycosis mimicking sinonasal malignant disease.

Primary colorectal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a retropositive patient.

Fahr's disease: bilateral symmetrical striopallidodentate calcification in two brothers with two distinct presentations.

Multiple and superimposed Mongolian spots.

Total deglovement of the fourth digit due to ring avulsion injury.

Hypereosinophilic syndrome associated with ulcerative colitis presenting with recurrent Loeffler's endocarditis and left ventricular thrombus treated successfully with immune suppressive therapy and anticoagulation.

Eosinophilic cystitis: treatment with intravesical steroids and oral antihistamines.

Relieving the burden: palliative centesis of an oedematous scrotal wall due to anasarca in end-stage heart failure.

Osler's nodes, Janeway lesions and splinter haemorrhages.

A novel treatment for management of a trapped placenta using intracervical nitroglycerin tablets.

Bilateral auricular classic Kaposi's sarcoma.

Herpes zoster mandibularis.

Complex partial status epilepticus in a patient with Crohn's disease.

Toxic shock syndrome related to Streptococcus equi subsp zooepidemicus.

Coexistence of seizure episodes and symptomatic sinoatrial arrest occurring in two sisters suggests an underlying cardioneuronal channelopathy.

A compound odontoma in the path of an erupting incisor.

The case of the missing wrist: a probable case of idiopathic osteolysis.

A bizarre object to swallow.

Myocarditis along with acute ischaemic cerebellar, pontine and lacunar infarction following viper bite.

Aneurysmal bone cyst of temporal bone.

Bilateral femoral fractures in a 21-year-old man following a simple fall.

Progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO) due to a mutation in the C10orf2 (PEO1) gene mimicking a myasthenic crisis.

The cold-fingered carpenter: an uncommon cause of digital ischaemia.

Giant intracranial calcification associated with new onset focal seizure.

Bilateral optic neuropathy in a patient with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy.

Hutch diverticulum presenting as acute urinary retention in early life.

Biliary stent migration causing perforation of the caecum and chronic abdominal pain.

Living without left atrium.

Successful treatment of extensive cerebral venous sinus thrombosis using a combined approach with Penumbra aspiration system and Solitaire FR retrieval device.

Bilateral tubo-ovarian abscess and sepsis caused by Salmonella in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Stretching the indications: high tibial osteotomy used successfully to treat isolated ankle symptoms.

Coexistence of scleroderma with multiple myeloma: a rare association.

Shiga toxin producing E coli bloodstream infection secondary to Strongyloides penetration through intestinal mucosa.

Shaking head means 'no'.

Long-lasting response to crizotinib in brain metastases due to EML4-ALK-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer.

Cytomegalovirus-induced colonic stricture presenting as acute intestinal obstruction in an immunocompetent adult.

Acquired esophagobronchial fistula without Ono's sign and with unusual cause.

Giant cerebellopontine angle schwannoma in a child.

Simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothoraces: a case of occupational asthma.

A young 20-year-old woman with an atypical tuberculin reaction.

A variation of vasculopathies in a patient with mild pulmonary artery hypertension.

Renal aspergillosis secondary to renal intrumentation in immunocompetent patient.

An important complication of a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: macrophage activation syndrome.

Robotic-arm stereotactic radiosurgery as a definitive treatment for gelastic epilepsy associated with hypothalamic hamartoma.

Hepatic hydrothorax in the absence of ascites.

Visual failure in the elderly and dysphagia.

Closing left gastroschisis with vanishing left testis.

Hemophagocytic syndrome with atypical presentation in an adolescent.

Isolated bilateral oculomotor nerve palsies due to a midbrain cavernous malformation.

Large dermoid cyst of the left hip: radiological approach with histopathology assessment.

Non-syndromic hereditary gingival fibromatosis.

A benign cancer with malicious paraneoplastic syndromes.

A new syndrome: right-sided arcus aorta syndrome.

Primary penile melanoma with an incidental renal oncocytoma

Profound jaundice in a patient with acute hepatitis C.

Hyponatraemia induced hyperCKaemia.

Different diffusion-weighted MRI findings in brainstem neuro-Behçet's disease.

Virchow's node.

Inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm: a persistent painful hip.

Secondary atlanto-odontoid osteoarthritis with osteoradionecrosis of upper cervical spine mimicking metastasis.

Wearable cardioverter defibrillator in stress cardiomyopathy and cardiac arrest.

Corticosteroid treatment buys time in case of a newly diagnosed hypophysitis with visual deterioration.

Mature teratoma of the thymus.

Toxic epitheliopathy from a single application of preservative free oxybuprocaine (0.4%) in a patient with Sjogren's syndrome.

Bilateral striopallidodentate calcinosis secondary to postsurgical hypoparathyroidism.

Black urine after medicinal foot baths.

'Monod' and 'air crescent' sign in aspergilloma.

Atypical blood and bone marrow lymphocytes in ALK-positive anaplastic T-cell lymphoma: important lessons.

Lung cancer underlying paravertebral abscess with intramedullary spinal cord metastases.

Ring-enhancing pontine lesion in a young boy.

Non-cardiac causes of cardiac tamponade.

Benzocaine-induced methaemoglobinaemia: a life-threatening complication after a transoesophageal echocardiogram (TEE).

Capsule endoscopy: a dangerous but diagnostic tool.

Complete radiographic remission with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin after sorafenib failure in hepatocellular carcinoma: is there a role for chemotherapy after targeted agents?

A stepwise approach to 'groin pain': a common symptom, an uncommon cause.

Hepatic heterotopia in congenital diaphragmatic anomaly.

Hypoxic hepatitis and acute liver failure in a patient with newly onset atrial fibrillation and diltiazem infusion.

Giant penile elephantiasis after circumcision: a devastating complication.

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS).

Retained faecolith: an avoidable complication of laparoscopic appendicectomy.

Stump appendicitis: a relatively under-reported reality.

Prenatal diagnosis of i(18q) and dup(18q) cases by quantitative fluorescent PCR.

Laparoscopic resection of a large hepatic cyst compressing the inferior vena cava.

Acute urinary retention in an adolescent girl and important learning points.

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma of mandible.

Dystypia in acute stroke not attributable to aphasia or neglect.

A 52-year-old-male patient with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer and recurrent venous thromboembolism in unusual sites despite anticoagulation.

Endoscopic adhesiolysis for extensive tibialis posterior tendon and Achilles tendon adhesions following compound tendon rupture.

A patient with Loeys-Dietz syndrome treated with chemoradiotherapy for an oropharyngeal carcinoma.

Ring-shaped thrombus in left atrial appendage: a contraindication for valvotomy.

Disseminated solitary fibrous tumour of the lung and pleura.

Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and congenital heart disease: this is not casual.

An unexpected positive hypersensitive reaction to eugenol.

Pramipexole induced psychosis in a patient with restless legs syndrome.

Lung adenocarcinoma: a new bipolar masquerader.

Delayed ischemic stroke following spontaneous thrombosis of an arteriovenous malformation.

Renal infarction due to spontaneous dissection of the renal artery: an unusual cause of non-visceral type abdominal pain.

Red herring vaginal discharge.

Accidental finger ischaemia induced by epinephrine autoinjector.

Giant thoracic mass: an unusual presentation of primary pulmonary Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Radiation-induced intracranial meningioma and multiple cavernomas.

What about temperature? Haloperidol-induced hypotermia.

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity with incongruent clinical course.

Angioneurotic oedema secondary to oral thiamine.

A rare association of cerebral dural arteriovenous fistula with venous aneurysm and contralateral flow-related middle cerebral artery aneurysm.

Lethal liquorice lollies (liquorice abuse causing pseudohyperaldosteronism).

Airway management concerns in patient with gastric banding procedures.

A heart on the right can be more complex than it first appears.

Study in pink...rash!

A giant angiokeratoma of Fordyce: an uncommon cause of acute scrotum.

Profound first-degree atrioventricular block.

Primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the lung: a rare subtype.

Metastasis of diffuse hepatocellular carcinoma to an extremely unusual site.

Lessons learnt from managing an avulsion fracture of the tibial tubercle extending into the tibial physis.

Pycnodysostosis with novel gene mutation and severe obstructive sleep apnoea: management of a complex case.

Challenges in imaging and histopathological assessment of a giant cell tumour with secondary aneurysmal cyst in the patella.

Left-sided Poland's syndrome in a girl with rare associations like spina bifida and diaphragmatic hernia.

Upper cervical cord enterogenous cyst mimicking transient ischaemic attacks.

Silent destruction of aortic and mitral valve by Klebsiella pneumoniae endocarditis.

Essential palatal tremor with hemifacial and vocal cord tremor.

Facial and neck hematoma after carotid artery stenting: an uncommon misadventure in endovascular carotid revascularization.

Cardiac tamponade following traumatic rupture of a mediastinal mature teratoma.

What is this? VT versus SVT.

The catastrophic basilar artery occlusion.

Isolated oculomotor nerve palsy due to common carotid artery occlusion.

Atypical carcinoid presenting as dumb-bell-shaped tumour in the normal kidney.

Unusual presentation of two Chinese phenylketonuria sisters who were misdiagnosed for years.

Pauses...what pauses?

Large anterior urethral calculus presented as scrotal mass with urethrocutaneous fistula.

Refractures of the paediatric forearm with the intramedullary nail in situ.

Small bowel carcinoid: a rare cause of bowel obstruction.

Spinal ependymoma complicated by superficial siderosis.

Therapeutic pulmonary artery stenting for metastatic bronchial carcinoid.

Two interesting cases of tracheobronchial foreign bodies.

Epidermolysis bullosa and congenital pyloric atresia.

Beware of what you eat: small bowel obstruction caused by freekeh bezoars.

Deep venous structures distortion in spontaneous intracranial hypotension as an explanation for altered level of consciousness.

Tubercular thyroiditis with multinodular goitre with adenomatous hyperplasia: a rare coexistence.

Ameloblastoma: unusual cause of chest wall mass and effusion.

Evidence for cytomegalovirus-induced haemophagocytic syndrome in a young patient with AIDS.

Reactive perforating collagenosis in two siblings.

Two similar cases of internal hernia after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

A comorbid case of multicentric Castleman's disease and pulmonary hyalinising granuloma successfully treated with tocilizumab and corticosteroid.

Pain and fracture after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction caused by giant cell tumour of the distal femur.

Tuberculous gumma: a forgotten entity in the UK.

An unusual case of peripartum pulmonary oedema.

Just another negative DVT?

Vein of Galen malformation presenting as persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn (PPHN).

Perianal Paget's disease: a diagnostic dilemma.

Peliosis hepatis: a complicating finding in a case of biliary colic.

Bilateral Malphigian bulge or pseudohernia simulating inguinal hernias in a case of spontaneous descent of bilateral undescended testis.

Ataxia: a diagnostic perplexity and management dilemma.

Is this an exacerbation of asthma? A cautionary tale.

Paradoxical air embolism following central venous catheter removal.

Spinal epidural abscess in brucellosis.

Acute liver injury secondary to sertraline.

Rare causes of persistent wheeze that mimic poorly controlled asthma.

Congenital anterior mediastinal teratoma causing severe airway compression in a neonate.

Devastating complication of silver nitrate instillation for the treatment of chyluria.

Diltiazem-induced palmar desquamation and oral erosions.

Laparotomy for perforated small bowel from ingested paperclips.

Helicobacter pylori associated vitamin B12 deficiency, pernicious anaemia and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord.

EBV-associated colonic B-cell lymphoma following treatment with infliximab for IBD: a new problem?

Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) induced by influenza A virus subtype H1N1

Small bowel obstruction after hand-assisted laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy for cancer.

The calcium sign of aortic arch dissection.

Unilateral calf hypertrophy and focal myositis induced by S1 radiculopathy: dramatic response to steroid treatment.

Uterine duplicity without communication between both hemiuteri and cervicovaginal atresia: importance of a thorough diagnosis before treatment.

Natural resolution of a herniated lumbar disc.

Staged interventional and surgical management for complex low birthweight tetralogy of Fallot: another imperfect but legitimate strategy.

Eosinophilic enteritis: a rare cause of diarrhoea.

Hepatocellular carcinoma in a young man with resting and postural tremors.

Non-syndromic brachydactyly, known as Shamoji-yubi or Mamushi-yubi in Japan.

A 39-year-old woman with spots covering her body.

Loeffler's endocarditis with biventricular mural thrombi.

Polycystic kidney disease and chronic renal failure in tuberous sclerosis.

Four-year follow-up of megalencephaly, polymicrogyria, postaxial polydactyly and hydrocephalus (MPPH) syndrome.

Extensive acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in a young girl responding to intravenous methylprednisolone.

Peripancreatic cystic lymphangioma diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound/fine-needle aspiration: a rare mesenchymal tumour.

Disassociation at the head-trunnion interface: an unseen complication of modular hip hemiarthroplasty.

Single coronary artery: anomalous origin of right coronary artery from the left anterior descending artery.

Vesicovaginal fistula due to vaginal herb for primary infertility: could it be devastating?

Quinine-induced severe thrombocytopenia: the importance of taking a detailed drug history.

Strangulated diaphragmatic hernia presenting at 7 weeks of life as intractable shock.

Cardiac arrest: first presentation of anorexia nervosa.

Imaging features in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

A simple case of drowning?

Acute right ventricular myocarditis presenting with chest pain and syncope.

Overactive bladder after female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) type III.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Down's syndrome.

Acalculous Phrygian cap cholecystitis.

A not so simplex case of genital herpes.

ACE-inhibitor induced angio-oedema treated with complement C1-inhibitor concentrate.

Cutaneous fistula due to remaining foreign bodies after penetrating neck injury.

Acute post-traumatic endophthalmitis secondary to Propionibacterium acnes.

'Pucker sign' an indicator of irreducible knee dislocation.

Pulmonary oedema mimicking bronchiectasis.

Association of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with mantle cell lymphoma.

Lucky to meet RS3PE.

Occurrence of Guillain-Barré syndrome as an immune mediated complication after thrombolysis with streptokinase for acute anterior wall myocardial infarction: a caution to be vigilant.

Facial plexiform neurofibroma: is it truly just skin deep?

Orthokeratinised odontogenic cyst mimicking periapical cyst.

Declining vision: saved by a tracheostomy

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a patient with situs inversus totalis: case report with review of literature.

Lingual neurofibroma causing dysaesthesia of the tongue.

Fatal measles pneumonitis during Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Ureteral injury after posterior lumbar discectomy with interbody screw fixation.

Renal arteriovenous fistula revealed by severe hypertension during pregnancy.

Sternoclavicular joint septic arthritis: an interesting lesson in clinical anatomy.

Ultra-wide field imaging of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) using Optomap-200TX.

Bamboo spine and the lungs.

A Gerbode-like defect associated with Ebstein's anomaly in an adult patient.

Infected total knee arthroplasty due to postoperative wound contamination with Pasteurella multocida.

Clostridium perfringens gas gangrene at a wrist intravenous line insertion.

V1-V2-V3-V4 T wave inversion: left or right ventricle?

The first report of survival post Rothia aeria endocarditis.

Primary pulmonary melanoma: the unexpected tumour.

Floating thrombus in the left upper pulmonary vein dissolved by dabigatran.

An unfamiliar presentation of a lateral periodontal cyst.

Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome.

Osteomalacia as inaugural manifestation of Sjögren syndrome.

Risky behaviour: a rare complication of an uncommon disease in a returning traveller.

Brown-McLean syndrome.

Stroke mimicking acute myocardial infarction.

Pyoderma gangrenosum of the abdominal wall.

Subcutaneous emphysema of the abdominal wall.

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma in a patient with Crohn's disease.

Concurrent granulomatous hepatitis, pneumonitis and sepsis as a complication of intravesical BCG immunotherapy.

Disseminated fusariosis with immune reconstitution syndrome and cracking mycotic aortic aneurysm in a 55-year-old patient with acute myeloid leukaemia.

Itchy lesions in pigmented skin.

Management of ST elevation myocardial infarction in pregnancy.

A large abdominal wall abscess as a presentation of gallstone disease in an elderly woman.

Total heterotopic ossification of an acellular dermal matrix used for abdominal wall reconstruction.

Tearing while bowling.

Enamel microabrasion for aesthetic management of dental fluorosis.

Overdrive pacing in a patient with incessant torsades de pointes.

Huge undifferentiated fibroblastic sarcoma of the foot and lower leg: impact of diagnostic delay and discussion of an entity.

Prosthesis on prosthesis: three-fourth metal crowns--a novel approach for metallic occlusion.

A rare cystic lesion of the neck: parathyroid cyst.

Cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma as a possible cause of chronic lower back pain.

Vanishing corneal vessels.

Canine olfactory detection of malignant melanoma.

Febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann disease.

Single extremely large loose body in olecranon fossa in a young patient.

Recanalization of acute carotid stent occlusion using Penumbra 4Max aspiration catheter: technical report and review of rescue strategies for acute carotid stent occlusion.

An unusually high troponin I result in association with Legionella infection.

Role of serial MRI assessment in the management of an abdominal pregnancy.

Shortness of breath, fever and abdominal pain in a 21-year-old student.

Adrenocortical carcinoma with tumour thrombus extension to right atrium: a rare finding in uncommon tumour.

Inhaled ß-agonist therapy and respiratory muscle fatigue as under-recognised causes of lactic acidosis.

Beau's lines in postpartum period and hyperparathyroidism.

Hypoglycaemic haemiparesis.

Primary presentation of chronic calcific pancreatitis with massive unilateral pleural effusion.

Neonatal Currarino's syndrome presenting as intestinal obstruction.

Transient bradycardia induced by thiopentone sodium: a unique challenge in the management of refractory status epilepticus.

Management of haemangioma with sclerosing agent: a case report.

Hypertriglyceridaemic pancreatitis.

Infected transverse colonic cystic duplication simulating pelvic appendicular abscess.

Multifocal necrotising fasciitis and septic shock complicating varicella infection in an adult.

Hyperamylasaemia: pathognomonic to pancreatitis?

Acute carotid stenting for treatment of stuttering transient ischemic attacks after recent carotid endarterectomy.

Von Recklinghausen disease (neurofibromatosis type 1): beyond skin involvement.

Isolated paroxysmal dysarthria caused by a single demyelinating midbrain lesion.

Vancomycin-induced thrombocytopaenia in a patient with severe pancreatitis.

An interesting rash following bowel and abdominal wall transplantation.

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection of the parotid gland in an immunocompetent elderly patient.

Lung-sparing approach for an intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst involving the right upper and middle lobes.

Spinal neurocytoma with extensive syringohydromyelia.

Umbilical paracentesis for acute hernia reduction in cirrhotic patients.

Pulmonary apical fibrosis in a patient treated earlier for breast cancer.

Case of paraspinal collection due to Burkholderia pseudomallei.

Traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula: excellent demonstration on 3D CT angiography.

'A dancing ball in the heart': false tendon of the left ventricle simulating a mass lesion.

Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenital.

Recurrent non-tuberculous mycobacterial keratitis after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty for keratoconus.

Haemolytic anaemia after ingestion of Neem (Azadirachta indica) tea.

The first case of mild encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion due to Japanese encephalitis virus infection.

Vanishing lung syndrome mistaken for bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax.

Disseminated histoplasmosis: missed opportunistic infection in a HIV-infected patient.

Myositis ossificans circumscripta, secondary to high-velocity gunshot and fragment wound that causes sciatica.

Guillain-Barre syndrome-like illness in association with electrical shock injury.

Widespread cranial nerve palsies while on cyclophosphamide therapy: a very rare manifestation of Wegener's granulomatosis (granulomatosis with polyangitis).

When water does not clear the smut from the smoke.

MEN2B syndrome presenting as an acute respiratory emergency.

Massive breast necrosis after extravasation of a full anthracycline cycle.

Sudden collapse in a middle-aged male: giant ACOM aneurysm.

Hader bar and clip attachment retained mandibular complete denture.

Nerve afflictions of maxillofacial region: a report of two cases.

Adrenal ganglioneuroma in a patient with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD): a rare association.

Ischaemia-reperfusion injury in central retinal artery occlusion.

A painful toe: botfly myiasis.

A young woman with a divided left atrium.

Bilateral psoas abscess during pregnancy presenting as an acute abdomen: atypical presentation.

Insulinoma presenting with cardiac arrest and cardiomyopathy.

A rare nidus for pulmonary thromboembolism after vertebroplasty.

Refractory postsurgical pyoderma gangrenosum in a patient with Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome: response to multimodal therapy.

Pyogenic ventriculitis following urosepsis caused by Escherichia coli.

Alcoholic cardiomyopathy.

The CARE guidelines: consensus-based clinical case reporting guideline development

A large aspergilloma.

Complete abolition of reading and writing ability with a third ventricle colloid cyst: implications for surgical intervention and proposed neural substrates of visual recognition and visual imaging ability.

Multivessel spontaneous coronary artery dissection of left and right coronary systems.

Osteolitic and osteoblastic lesions of the skull.

Successful percutaneous angioembolisation of bleeding jejunal varix by acrylate glue and coils.

A twist in the tale.

Snapper fishbone esophageal perforation closed with an over-the-scope-clip.

Vanishing kidney disease.

Standard anticoagulation for mesenteric vein thrombosis, revealing a 'zebra' diagnosis: hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia--the dripping truth!

A Portuguese case of Hirayama disease.

Gastric xanthelasma: an unusual endoscopic finding.

Changes following nipple areolar complex reconstruction and tattooing resembling a recurrent Paget's disease of the breast.

Hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis: an unusual presentation of Sjogren's syndrome.

A cardiac cause for deafness.

Neuroimaging in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Elevated free thyroxine and non-suppressed thyrotropin.

Oral pemphigus as first sign of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour in an 18-year-old male patient.

Aggressive plasmablastic multiple myeloma in a 42-year-old: is inflammatory bowel disease or infliximab treatment to be blamed?

High dose of prokinetics for refractory hiccups after chemotherapy or the return to a simple drug.

Morel-Lavallée lesion in a male cyclist.

Renal artery aneurysm with an ovarian vein thrombosis.

Dissociated sensory loss and muscle wasting in a young male with headaches: syringomyelia with type 1 Arnold-Chiari malformation.

Septic shock during platelet transfusion in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia.

Direct puncture sclerotherapy of a thoracic duct cyst presenting as an enlarging left supraclavicular mass.

Metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the tibia radiologically mimicking osteosarcoma.

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis in a patient with type 1 diabetes presenting as toothache: a case report from Himalayan region of India.

Gorlin syndrome.

Thelazia callipaeda discovered by chance during cataract surgery.

Aluminium phosphide-induced leukopenia.

Evisceration for the management of ocular trauma.

Recurrent atraumatic metatarsal, rib and sacral insufficiency fractures in a woman with the antiphospholipid syndrome.

Acquired male urethral diverticulum: a complication following artificial urethral sphincter implantation.

Massive splenomegaly and lymphopenia: a unique case of obstructive shock.

Visible intestinal peristalsis.

MRI in rabies encephalitis.

Facial cutaneous metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinoma.

C reactive protein may not be reliable as a marker of severe bacterial infection in patients receiving tocilizumab.

Eagle's syndrome presenting as a cervical mass.

Postnatal pyomyoma: a diagnostic dilemma.

Enterobius vermicularis infection of the ovary.

Rupture of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle belly during isometric weight training.

Intermittent swelling in the chest; a case of spontaneous intermittent lung herniation.

Inactive cardiac sarcoidosis with characteristic findings on cardiac MRI.

Percutaneous treatment of symptomatic aneurysmal bone cyst of L5 by percutaneous injection of osteoconductive material (Cerament).

A 50-year-old man with blistering skin lesions on both feet.

Biventricular hypertrophy and heart failure as initial presentation of Cushing's disease.

Successful retrieval of fractured catheter tip during coronary angiogram.

Moans, groans and renal stones: an interesting case of abdominal pain.

Intracaval and intracardiac leiomyomatosis of uterine origin.

Severe hypoalphalipoproteinaemia in a child with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN).

Differentiation of mucinous cystic neoplasm and cystic changes associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection in a patient with bacterial meningitis.

Ruptured aneurysm of an aberrant left hepatic artery.

A woman with a history of colorectal carcinoma presenting with an abdominal mass.

Primary small cell carcinoma of the liver, a rare entity.

Concurrent necrotising otitis externa and adenocarcinoma of the temporal bone: a diagnostic challenge.

Cervical nodal metastasis in head and neck cancer: a clinical conundrum.

Postlumbar puncture arachnoiditis mimicking epidural abscess.

Non-atherosclerotic multiple coronary artery aneurysms.

Imaging diagnosis of upper motor neuron compromising in a patient with Chiari 1 malformation.

Left circumflex arising from the right coronary artery and silent myocardial ischaemic damage: a potentially lethal disarray detected by cardiac CT and SPECT.

Hampton's hump.

Shunt in scrotum: unusual complication in operated cases of hydrocephalus.

Curious case of missing (A) in coeliac disease with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Deconditioning the athletic heart.

Dermoid cyst: an unusual location.

Behcet's disease with major vascular involvement.

Acute bilateral putaminal haemorrhagic necrosis in methanol poisoning.

Isolated caecal tuberculosis mimicking a neoplastic tumour in an immunocompetent woman.

Treatment of anxiety from musical obsessions with a cognitive behaviour therapy tool.

An unusual cause of sustained ventricular tachycardia in a 27-year-old man.

Peculiar MRI findings of intracranial hypotension in patients with abducens nerve palsy.

Metronidazole-induced fixed drug eruption.

Mediastinal emphysema: a rare respiratory complication of relapsing polychondritis.

A young patient with recurrent respiratory tract infection and anasarca.

Multisystemic tuberculosis presenting with scrofula, intestinal and pulmonary involvement.

Steinert's disease.

Spontaneous fractures in a 30-year-old woman following a simple fall.

A complex odontoma of the anterior maxilla associated with an erupting canine.

Rectosigmoid gallstone coleus: a rare emergency presentation.

Transient intussusception: rare cause of abdominal pain in cystic fibrosis.

Successful revision of polyethylene only, after delayed presentation of a dislocated bearing in an Oxford unicompartmental knee replacement.

Under pressure: a contribution to the pathogenesis of acquired ileal atresia.

A patient with pneumopericardium secondary to extranodal T-cell lymphoma.

Improving oral function and cosmesis in a case of Freeman-Sheldon syndrome.

Durable recovery of the macular architecture and functionality of a diagnosed age-related macular degeneration 1 year after a single intravitreal injection of dobesilate.

Lipoma of the sinus tarsi.

Giant leiomyoma of the oesophagus with eosinophilic infiltration.

Postcaesarean open-heart surgery for Streptococcus sanguinis infective endocarditis.

Ranibizumab in choroidal neovascularisation associated with ocular sarcoidosis.

Crossed cerebellar diaschisis: a radiological finding in status epilepticus not to miss.

Refractory pruritus in primary biliary cirrhosis.

Seizure as an initial presentation of human immunodeficiency virus: acute toxoplasmosis mimicking glioblastoma multiforme.

Small cell lung cancer presenting with a left iliac fossa mass.

Successful treatment of acquired pure red cell aplasia with oral corticosteroids in a patient with B-cell CLL.

Idiopathic sialectasis of the Stensen's duct treated with marsupialisation.

Isolated cerebellar damage caused by carbon monoxide intoxication.

Fibroepithelial polyp of the ureter.

Therapeutic angiography and embolisation for bleeding aberrant duodenal artery arising from replaced hepatic artery.

An uncommon case of hydropneumothorax and haemoptysis.

Renal failure: unusual clinical presentation of an isolated intrarenal hydatid cyst.

Spinal cavernous haemangioma causing spastic paraparesis.

Uncommon perineal tumours: caution with aggressive surgical management.

Abdominal varicocele: a new entity.

Emergency department ultrasound diagnosis of spontaneous iliopsoas haemorrhage in a patient on warfarin.

Lipomatosis of the terminal ileum and ileocaecal valve: multidetector CT findings.

Leave no stone unturned in case of groans.

A correctable cause of lung collapse in an adolescent with severe scoliosis causing compression of the bronchial tree.

Sonography of complex splenorenal injury following blunt abdominal trauma: haemorrhage into the perinephric space obscuring FAST visualisation of the kidney.

Craniovertebral junction tuberculosis.

Hemichorea-hemiballism as the presenting manifestation of diabetes mellitus.

Spontaneous subscapular haematoma in a patient using warfarin therapy.

MRI of the spinal tuberculoma, paravertebral tubercular abscess and pulmonary tuberculosis.

A rare aetiology of respiratory failure in a 10-year-old boy: inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour.

Exclusion of oesophageal atresia by passage of a nasogastric tube: an exception to the rule.

Initial diagnosis of HIV/AIDS in a 56-year-old man with non-healing forearm lesion.

Long-term fundus changes in acquired partial lipodystrophy.

Early diagnosis and treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a patient with cystic fibrosis.

Dislocated ankle fracture complicated by near total distal ischaemia.

Severe digital necrosis in a 4-year-old boy: primary Raynaud's or jellyfish sting.

Lower extremity deep vein thrombosis after heavy exertion.

Neck abscess and vocal cord paresis: delayed complications of a self-extruded long fishbone stuck in throat.

Crohn's disease presenting as enterovesical fistula.

Acquired stuttering due to recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma.

Haemophilus influenzae infection of a prosthetic knee joint in a patient with CLL: a vaccine preventable disease.

Into the wild world of eosinophilic granuloma.

Multiple tendon xanthomas in patient with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: sonographic and MRI findings.

Endobronchial avium mycobacteria infection in an immunocompetent child.

Fertility and pregnancy outcome in a woman with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Rare posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a patient with HIV.

Paraganglioma as a rare cause of left ventricular thrombus in the setting of preserved ejection fraction: discussing the literature.

Selective arterial embolisation of bilateral angiomyolipomata in a symptomatic pregnant female.

Facial biometrics: a novel technique for evaluation of morphological changes in orofacial Crohn's disease.

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS): it can take away your breath, alertness, wee and poo.

Left atrial-oesophageal fistula: a very rare, potentially fatal complication of radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation.

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in an older child: a rare presentation with successful standard surgical management.

Carcinoid tumour presenting as recurrent pneumonia.

Giant left and right atrium: spectrum of rheumatic heart disease.

Recurrent symptomatic hypoglycaemia with pancytopenia as a delayed presentation of Sheehan's syndrome with complete recovery after hormone replacement.

Discovery of familial cerebral cavernous malformation in a Saudi population.

Successful use of haemodialysis to treat phenobarbital overdose.

Extramammary Paget's disease of the vulva.

Extrapontine myelinolysis: rare manifestation of a well-known disorder.

Transient ischaemic attack: an exceptional presenting syndrome of a superior sagittal sinus thrombosis.

Abdominopelvic actinomycosis mimicking disseminated peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Spontaneous subclavian artery dissection: a pain in the neck diagnosis.

Deep angiomyxoma of retroperitoneum presenting as a perineal lump in a young woman.

Rapidly progressive cerebellar ataxia in West Wales.

Giant pituitary adenoma: can it grow bigger than this?

Kaposi sarcoma in an patient with atopic dermatitis treated with ciclosporin.

Occult bladder injury after laparoscopic appendicectomy.

Novel modification of tracheostomy tube to allow speech and manage tracheal stenosis.

Bilateral femoral periostitis revealing polyarteritis nodosa.

Multiple embolic stroke due to aortic arch floating thrombus in latent tertiary syphilis.

Haemodynamic collapse in a patient with acute inferior myocardial infarction and concomitant traumatic acute spinal cord injury.

Fahr's disease.

Repeated seizures in an elderly patient with alcohol dependence and mild cognitive impairment.

Conservative management of an abdominal gunshot injury with a peritoneal breach: wisdom or absurdity?

Adrenal nodule visualised on adrenal vein catheterisation.

New onset S wave in pulmonary embolism: revisited (something old and something new).

A colorectal carcinoma imitating a primary ovarian carcinoma in a postpartum woman.

Skin rash from dengue fever.

Acute cytomegalovirus hepatitis in an immunocompetent host.

A large left atrial myxoma causing multiple cerebral infarcts.

Tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula manifesting as contralateral trigeminal neuralgia: resolution after transarterial Onyx embolization.

An uncommon Essex-Lopresti fracture dislocation with radial displacement in distal direction: diagnosis and surgical treatment of a rare case.

Non-invasive, low-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma in the urachus.

Discordant monozygotic total colonic Hirschsprung's disease presenting with neonatal isolated ileal perforation.

Chilblain lupus erythematosus.

Diagnostic difficulties delaying treatment in a patient with fibrous dysplasia of the right femur.

Ventriculopleural shunt CSF pseudocyst presenting as an anterior mediastinal mass.

Imaging in Fahr's disease: how CT and MRI differ?

Juvenile aggressive cemento-ossifying fibroma of the sphenoid sinus with proptosis: a surgical dilemma.

Recognising serious umbilical cord anomalies.

Chemotherapy-resistant breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma.

An unusually extensive internal jugular vein thrombosis.

An unusual distended abdomen.

Laparoscopic upper pole splenectomy of the simple splenic cyst.

Meningeal calcification in basal cell nevus syndrome.

Splenectomy complicated by sustained extreme thrombocytosis and extensive portosplenomesenteric vein thrombosis in pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase deficiency.

Hygroma in a 23-year-old man.

Ocular quinine toxicity in a sleepwalker.

Early aetiological agent identification of osteomyelitis with the Light Cycler SeptiFast test from peripheral blood.

The development of Fournier's gangrene following rubber band ligation of haemorrhoids.

Lemierre syndrome: more than just a sore throat.

Bisphosphonate-induced atypical subtrochanteric femoral fracture.

Baboon syndrome: an unusual complication arising from antibiotic treatment of tonsillitis and review of the literature.

Pneumocystis jerovecii pneumonia in a patient with untreated chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a novel case and postulations concerning the mechanism.

An unusual cause of pneumonia: seen but not heard.

Cerebral arteriopathy associated with Arg179His ACTA2 mutation.

Pancreatic cancer presenting as a Sister Mary Joseph's nodule.

Boerhaave's syndrome presenting as an upper gastrointestinal bleed.

Stage 3 pyomyositis of the gluteus minimus; Staphylococcus aureus sepsis, autoanticoagulation, proximal femoral osteomyelitis and the role of surgical intervention.

Recurrent cardiac tamponade in a young woman.

Late relapse myoclonus in a case of Lance-Adams syndrome.

Compression neuropathy of the common peroneal nerve by the fabella.

Acute kidney injury as first presentation of lymphoma: the role of renal biopsy.

Fracture of tibial tuberosity in an adult.

Pneumothorax occurring after nasogastric tube removal.

Mixed dust pneumoconiosis occurring in an unusual setting.

Ophthalmoplegic migraine with isolated third cranial nerve palsy in a known case of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.

Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma urinary bladder coexisting with tuberculosis in pelvic lymph nodes.

An image case of necrotising fasciitis: a severe postoperative complication.

Pneumatosis intestinalis associated with enteral tube feeding.

A sneeze: an unusual trigger for aortic dissection.

Werner's syndrome: incidental finding during pregnancy.

Streptokinase therapy in the treatment of neonatal obstructive renal candidiasis.

Hepatic tuberculoma mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma in an immunocompetent host.

Phalangeal lytic lesion: do not forget osseous sarcoidosis.

A reversible cause of 'end-stage renal disease': discrepant findings in serial duplex ultrasonograms in a suspected occlusion of a renal arterial bypass graft.

Normal chest X-ray should not mislead.

Large hepatic adenoma in a 21-year-old male.

Bilateral sleeve fractures of the patella in a 12-year-old boy with hereditary spastic paraparesis and crouch gait.

Coexistent dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and anticonvulsant-induced cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia: diagnostic challenge.

Chronic Propionibacterium acnes prosthesis joint infection manifesting as a large abscess with gas, without prosthesis loosening.

Quetiapine-induced manic episode: a paradox for contemplation.

An older man with a rare cause of heart failure.

Orbital apex syndrome secondary to granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Oral health management of a patient with 47,XYY syndrome.

Penile metastases treated with partial glansectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy 5 years after an initial diagnosis of rectal cancer.

Brachial plexitis preceding encephalomyelitis in a patient with West Nile virus infection.

Leiomyosarcoma of the maxilla in a 24-year-old man who initially presented with odontalgia, and suffered from tumour mismanagement.

Clinical course of acute chemical lung injury caused by 3-chloropentafluoropene.

Tacrolimus-induced encephalopathy and polyneuropathy in a renal transplant recipient.

An unusual association between acute ischaemic stroke and cerebral venous thrombosis with thyrotoxic state.

Multiple Lambl's excrescences with subvalvular extension, a rare cause of cryptogenic stroke: treated by port-access cardiac surgery.

Schneiderian papilloma of the temporal bone.

Intractable glaucoma necessitating dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex) removal and glaucoma surgery in a child with uveitis.

Successful medical management of a Nocardia farcinica multiloculated pontine abscess.

Acute coronary syndrome in a patient with Eisenmenger's syndrome.

Adult tethered cord syndrome resembling plantar fasciitis and peripheral neuropathy.

Cerebral-autoregulatory dysfunction syndrome.

Dural sinus filling defect: intrasigmoid encephalocele.

Successful pregnancy in a woman with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita.

The life-saving little tip: intraosseous gas.

PCP: thinking beyond HIV.

Spontaneous pneumothorax as manifestation of Marfan syndrome.

Multifocal osteoid osteoma of tibia.

Cerebellar hypoplasia in a case with neurofibromatosis type 1.

The mystery of a carpenter's headache.

Porous diaphragm syndrome: haemothorax secondary to haemoperitoneum following laparoscopic hysterectomy.

Post-traumatic tics and tetrabenazine treatment: a blinded video assessment.

Porcelain aorta with critical left main disease and severe aortic stenosis in a patient with heterozygous familial hyperlipidaemia presenting with cardiogenic shock.

Flow diverter assisted coil embolization of a very small ruptured ophthalmic artery aneurysm.

Intrathoracic schwannoma with Horner syndrome.

Psychosis improved dysphonia.

Traumatic orbital CSF leak.

Reversible cardiomyopathy after radiofrequency ablation of 30-year persistent atrial tachycardia.

All contraindications to thrombolysis for life-threatening pulmonary embolus should be considered relative.

Unusual head metastasis of kidney cancer.

Pseudomelanosis duodeni in a postrenal transplant patient.

Nematode infection mimicking paratesticular malignancy.

Choroidal melanoma presenting with anterior segment involvement and phthisis bulbi.

Early second trimester uterine scar rupture.

Stridor in an 11-year-old child.

Small bowel injury after suprapubic catheter insertion presenting 3 years after initial insertion.

Myositis ossificans: the mimicker.

Poststroke psychosis in an 8-year-old child with moyamoya disease.

Rare occurrence of a transient isolated unilateral partial third nerve palsy after angioplasty.

Necrotising fasciitis.

Late diagnosis of Lesch-Nyhan disease variant.

Empyema necessitans: very late complication of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Primary synovial chondromatosis of the ankle joint presenting as monoarthritis.

Claudication without risk factors: a case of popliteal entrapment syndrome.

Acquired left coronary artery fistulae to pulmonary artery and superior vena cava.

Erosive polyarticular tophaceous gout: an unusually deforming and destructive presentation.

Angina bullosa haemorrhagica.

Combined deficiency of proteins C and S: ischaemic stroke in young individuals.

Cat scratch disease and lymph node tuberculosis in a colon patient with cancer.

Pipeline endovascular reconstruction of traumatic dissecting aneurysms of the intracranial internal carotid artery.

Posterior fossa dural arteriovenous fistula presenting clinically as a carotid-cavernous fistula treated by a direct access cavernous sinus approach.

Tubercular duodenal, jejunal and ileocecal stricture in a patient.

Isolated major aortopulmonary collateral artery in an infant presenting with recurrent lower respiratory tract infection.

Non-puerperal uterine inversion caused by malignant mixed mullerian sarcoma.

Dasatinib-induced haemorrhagic colitis in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) in blast crisis.

Zenker's diverticulum complicating achalasia: a 'cup-and-spill' oesophagus.

Oral submucous fibrosis: a premalignant condition in a 14-year-old Indian girl.

Sarcoidosis: clinical mimicry of pulmonary embolism.

Symptomatic ureteric triplex in a child.

Unilateral visual loss after spine surgery in the prone position for extradural haematoma in a healthy young man.

Twenty-one bust: a case of chemical transformation of an ingested foreign body.

Unilateral brain oedema related to focal status epilepticus.

Both-sided native valve endocarditis in an intravenous drug misuser.

A rare mimic of contained cardiac rupture: a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma at a crucial time.

Nodular kidney involvement in a patient with idiopathic Sweet's syndrome.

Delayed diagnosis of familial adenomatous polyposis in an adolescent patient with a coexisting eating disorder.

Lancing of a boil leading to severe invasive methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus infection in an adolescent.

Acute focal myositis causing significant radiological and histological abnormality settles spontaneously with expectant management.

Painful subungual glomus tumour of the left thumb.

An anchoring technique by looping with the tip of a super-stiff wire: may be a solution in patients with anomaly of the aortic arch and tortuous carotid artery disease?

Marfan syndrome.

Innocent left ventricular outflow tract membrane masquerading as vegetation.

Using the Valeo dilatable stent in coarctation stenting for small children: expanding the inclusion criteria for coarctation stenting?

Treacher Collins syndrome with microcornea and retinal detachment.

Cirsoid aneurysm of scalp: demonstration on CT angiography (CTA).

Humeral shaft hypertrophic non-union mimicking malignant lesion.

Probable hepatic tuberculosis masquerading as Klatskin tumour in an immunocompetent patient.

The development of peripheral T-cell lymphoma after successful treatment for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a patient with suspected adult onset immunodeficiency: more questions than answers?

Pemphigus vulgaris: a multidisciplinary approach to management.

A gastrointestinal stromal tumour with pulmonary metastases mimicking unilateral gynaecomastia.

Fibrolipomas masquerading as abdominal hernias.

Pure motor monoparesis: solitary cysticercus granuloma.

Pancreatic herniation: a rare cause of acute pancreatitis?

Epstein-Barr virus-associated cholestatic hepatitis.

Waffle Y technique: pCONus for tandem bifurcation aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery.

Renal cell carcinoma metastasis to the cerebellopontine cistern: intraoperative Onyx embolization via direct needle puncture.

Optic pathway infarct after Onyx HD 500 aneurysm embolization: visual pathway ischemia from superior hypophyseal artery occlusion.

Contact dermatitis due to methyl methacrylate: uncommon and unwanted entity for dentists.

Doxycycline and suicidality.

White-blue pyelocalyceal cyst with hydrotic glomerulonephritis.

Isolated duodenal varices as the initial presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Calcifications afloat: bad omens in maxillary sinus augmentation.

Iris retractors: the saviours in cataract surgery for cataract in lens coloboma.

Spontaneous bilateral compartment syndrome in a HIV-positive patient.

Anomalous hypertrophied muscle band in LV mimicking LV mass.

Intramuscular lipoma of the abductor digiti minimi mimicking intramuscular haemangioma.

Persistent back pain in the absence of clear red flags.

Post liver transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder mimics recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Angiosarcoma of penis.

Anisometropic amblyopia in a case of type 2 Waardenburg syndrome.

A teenager with lumbar striae distensae (when a bruise is not a bruise).

Delayed presentation of prolonged hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia in a preterm small-for-gestational age neonate.

Common atrium with single ventricle: a rare combination of two uncommon complex congenital heart diseases.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for a patient with a double gallbladder.

Splenectomy during pregnancy: treatment of refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura.

Thoracic aortic dissection presenting as acute coronary syndrome.

Ring artefact in multidetector CT.

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Central pontine myelinolysis with meticulous correction of hyponatraemia in chronic alcoholics.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Malhotra, Konark Ortega, Luis
Description	Author Affiliation: Malhotra K ( Department of Neurology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. konark.malhotra@yahoo.com)
Abstract	Central pontine myelinolysis is a demyelinating disorder that arises due to osmolar disturbances in the cerebral microenvironment characterised by loss of the myelin sheath of neurons. The diffusion-weighting imaging sequence of MRI is the most sensitive diagnostic imaging modality for myelinolysis. The rapid correction of hyponatraemia by >20-25 mmol/L/48 h has been known for a long time as a prime cause of osmotic demyelination. Various other comorbidities in hyponatraemic patients are well known that can lead to osmotic demyelination such as alcoholism, hypoxaemia, severe liver disease, malignancy, burns, liver transplantation and malnutrition. Chronic alcohol abusers with additional liver disease and malnutrition have altered osmotic equilibrium at baseline that predisposes them to osmotic demyelination. We suggest a more cautious and meticulous approach should be followed in these patients to avoid the dreaded complication.
e-ISSN	1757790X
Journal	BMJ Case Reports
Volume Number	2013
Language	English
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Alcoholism Complications Hyponatremia Therapy Myelinolysis, Central Pontine Chronic Disease Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pathology Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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