NDLI: Analytical and experimental study of tuning range limitation in mm-wave CMOS LC-VCOs

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Qiyang Wu Elabd, S. McCue, J.J. Khalil, W.
Copyright Year	2013
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH, USA (Qiyang Wu; Elabd, S.; McCue, J.J.; Khalil, W.)
Abstract	In this paper, we present an analytical model for predicting the tuning range of CMOS mm-wave LC voltage-controlled oscillators (LC-VCOs). A detailed analysis of the frequency dependent quality factor (Q) of the LC-tank is performed to characterize the tank loss. The frequency dependent Q is used to size the transconductance $(g_{m})$ of the cross-coupled pair to satisfy the VCO startup condition. The relationship between the cross-coupled pair $g_{m}$ and the operating frequency is also derived. With the above relationships, the frequency dependent tuning range is further calculated and compared with simulation results. To verify the analysis, three CMOS mm-wave VCOs are fabricated in a 130 nm CMOS process. The measured tuning range of the 26 GHz, 34 GHz and 40 GHz VCO is 25%, 21% and 18%, respectively, which is consistent with the presented tuning range model.
Starting Page	2468
Ending Page	2471
File Size	1063662
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781467357609
ISSN	02714302
e-ISBN	9781467357623
DOI	10.1109/ISCAS.2013.6572379
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2013-05-19
Publisher Place	China
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Tuning Capacitance Voltage-controlled oscillators CMOS integrated circuits Varactors Transistors Inductors
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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