NDLI: Activity of T-DM1 in HER-2 positive central nervous system breast cancer metastases.

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Endovascular repair of direct carotid-cavernous fistula in Ehlers-Danlos type IV.

Inferior phrenic artery pseudoaneurysm complicating drug-induced acute pancreatitis.

Spinal epidural extramedullary haematopoiesis in ß-thalassaemia intermedia.

Large bowel obstruction due to gallstones: an endoscopic problem?

Eosinophilic cholangiopathy: the diagnostic dilemma of a recurrent biliary stricture. Should surgery be offered for all?

Accidental hijab pin ingestion in Muslim women: an emerging endoscopic emergency?

Brachialis muscle tendon insertion avulsion fracture in a 6-year-old child.

Coexistence of inflammatory pseudotumour and pseudomembranous cystitis: a histopathological surprise.

Cerebral arterial angioplasty in a patient with Loeys-Dietz syndrome.

Last resort: case of clot translocation in intra-arterial stroke therapy.

Chyluria: is retrograde pyelogram mandatory prior to endoscopic sclerotherapy?

Intravesical knotting of guide wire during insertion of Foley catheter.

Profound bilateral visual loss after hysterectomy indicated for severe postpartum haemorrhage.

Selective coil embolisation in spontaneous perirenal haemorrhage.

Antitubercular drug-induced violent suicide of a hospitalised patient.

Childhood acne in a boy with XYY syndrome.

Smith-Magneis syndrome: behavioural phenotype mimics ADHD.

Enterocutaneous fistula 3 years after resection of an advanced gallbladder carcinoma.

Restoration of brain function in an elderly man.

Subcutaneous endometriosis: a rare cause of deep dyspareunia.

Transient quadriceps paresis following cocaine use.

Scrotal haematoma following vasectomy: an unusual surgical emergency.

Total anomalous systemic venous drainage to coronary sinus.

Extrapyramidal syndrome.

A single burr hole approach for direct transverse sinus cannulation for the treatment of a dural arteriovenous fistula.

Dent's disease complicated by an acute Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Sister Mary Joseph's nodule as the first and only sign of recurrence in a case of stage Ia carcinoma ovary.

Rapid resolution of Westermarck sign following successful thrombolytic therapy with tenecteplase in acute pulmonary embolism.

Of mice and men.

Recurrent nephrolithiasis associated with atazanavir use.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia treated with alemtuzumab.

Intrathoracic gossypiboma.

Fatal hypertriglyceridaemia, acute pancreatitis and diabetic ketoacidosis possibly induced by quetiapine.

Swollen right leg: is it deep vein thrombosis?

Portal hypertension-associated gastric polyps.

Seat belt syndrome with unstable Chance fracture dislocation of the second lumbar vertebra without neurological deficits.

Moyamoya disease, revascularisation surgery and anaesthetic considerations.

Congenital triangular alopecia.

'Spear' through the right ventricle: pericardial tamponade caused by delayed pacemaker lead-related perforation of a normal thickness free wall which was managed percutaneously using the same lead.

Diffusion-weighted MRI in detection of renal metastases.

Papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the hard palate.

Skin nodules in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Prolonged hypotension following elective stenting of an internal carotid artery stenosis.

Symptomatic ileofemoral deep vein thrombosis due to May-Thurner syndrome.

Simultaneous occurrence of internal capsule infarct and cerebellar haemorrhage in a patient with hemiplegia.

Sepsis-associated renal salt wasting: how much is too much?

Acute prevertebral abscess secondary to infected pancreatic pseudocyst.

A mountain among molehills: removing an impinging large femoral neck osteochondroma in a man with hereditary multiple exostoses.

Pregnancy as a risk factor for undertreatment after bariatric surgery.

Inhalation of a plastic wall plug: implications of foreign body characteristics in paediatric patients.

Lansoprazole-induced hypomagnesaemia.

Return of visual function after bilateral visual loss following flow diversion embolization of a giant ophthalmic aneurysm due to both reduction in mass effect and reduction in aneurysm pulsation.

Infective endocarditis initially presenting with a dermatomyositis-like syndrome.

Severe hypocalcaemia as a cause of seemingly idiopathic bilateral lower limb oedema.

Cirrhosis improvement to alcoholic liver fibrosis after passive abstinence.

Two decades later: a delayed red ink tattoo reaction.

Bowel endometriosis.

Duodenal carcinoid with carcinoid syndrome.

Spontaneous rupture of superficial temporal artery aneurysm presenting as hemifacial swelling.

Epithelioid cotyledonoid leiomyoma of uterus.

Bronchial atresia: a rare presentation as air fluid level on chest roentgenogram.

Splenic tuberculosis: a rare entity.

Spontaneous fistulisation of infected walled-off necrosis (WON) into the duodenum in a patient following acute necrotising pancreatitis.

Tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenopathy in an adult.

Acute acalculous cholecystitis associated with severe EBV hepatitis in an immunocompetent child.

Sarcina infection.

Shared decision-making at end-of-life is aided by graphical trending of illness severity.

An unusual association of autosomal polycystic kidney disease and multiple myeloma.

Pancytopenia secondary to cytomegalovirus reactivation.

Persistent neurogenic bladder dysfunction due to infantile botulism.

Cerebellar ataxia and epilepsy with anti-GAD antibodies: treatment with IVIG and plasmapheresis.

Schizophrenia-like disorder associated with etanercept treatment.

A navel stone mimicking a urachal sinus.

Kyrle's disease.

Hypertension in a teenager: a family affair.

Acute blue finger: a diagnostic challenge.

Giant concha bullosa.

Postsurgical pneumoencephaly in a patient with Klippel-Feil syndrome.

Enterobiasis-related inflammatory caecal polyp masquerading as a malignancy.

Late presentation of a large Morgagni hernia in an adult.

Should Ramadan be prescribed after Christmas? Obesity in the healthcare profession and the health benefits of fasting.

Pack of ice: grey scale sign of testicular torsion.

Hypothermia and the acute abdomen.

Neonatal duodenoduodenostomy and missed duodenal stenosis with windsock deformity: a rare intraoperative error of technique and judgement by an unwary surgeon.

Unilateral lower extremity swelling as a rare presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Successful management of Panton-Valentine leukocidine-positive necrotising pneumonia and A/H1N12009 influenzavirus coinfection in adult.

Decreased consciousness: bilateral thalamic infarction and its relation to the artery of Percheron.

Ladakhi koilonychia.

Forehead swelling and frontal headache: Pott's puffy tumour.

Acting on macrocephaly in the neonatal period: an illustrative case of congenital teratoma.

Massive consolidation: a rare manifestation of paediatric Scrub typhus.

Acute gross painless transudative ascites in a patient with lupus.

Non-traumatic compartment syndrome secondary to deep vein thrombosis and anticoagulation.

Polycystic liver disease.

Haemorrhagic cholecystitis: an unusual cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Focal eventration of diaphragm with fat content.

A mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm caused by Listeria monocytogenes in a patient with HIV infection.

Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea: a rare clinical entity.

Atypical presentation of typical carcinoid.

Retinal tissue in mature cystic teratoma of ovary presenting with full-term pregnancy.

Rare anatomical variation in transverse sinuses (duplication on right, hypoplasia of left) falsely mimicking transverse sinus thrombosis probably due to resultant slow flow.

Rupture of the infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) following an endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) due to an isolated type II endoleak.

Anatomical aberrations in root canals of maxillary first and second molar teeth: an endodontic challenge.

Type I aortopulmonary window presenting with very early onset Eisenmenger's syndrome.

Non-traumatic, bilateral subcapital femoral fractures postpartum.

Unilateral iatrogenic ptosis.

Left renal vein thrombosis: a rare cause of acute scrotal pain.

Surgical therapy of a large pancreatic solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm during pregnancy.

Resolution of neurological deficits secondary to spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in a patient with hepatitis C-associated cryoglobulinaemia: a role for plasmapheresis.

Lung abscess in a young patient.

Congenital asymptomatic absence of unilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle.

Inferolateral ST-segment elevation associated with a gastric variceal bleed and the use of a Minnesota tube.

Extensive disseminated cysticercosis.

Gastric epithelioid-cell granuloma in a paediatric patient with Crohn's disease.

Acute inferior myocardial infarction in a young male patient associated with Behcet's disease and sildenafil.

Metastatic lung cancer, an interesting stroke mimic.

Dentigerous cyst: a common lesion in an uncommon site.

Monsters do exist: an unusual case of chest pain.

Isolated cilioretinal artery occlusion in a patient with hypertensive crisis.

A diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma in a neonate diagnosed by MRI.

Global developmental delay with sodium valproate-induced gingival hyperplasia.

Bilateral axillary arterial obstruction.

Plummer-Vinson syndrome with pectus carinatum mitral valve prolapsus and exotropia in an 18-year-old boy.

Hybrid surgery for dural arteriovenous fistula in the neurosurgical hybrid operating suite.

Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (Nora's lesion) of phalanx in a child.

Undiagnosed intussusception in an adult 'small and large bowel'.

Delayed compartment syndrome of leg and foot due to rupture of popliteal artery pseudoaneurysm following posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Caecal volvulus following abdominoplasty: a tale of caution.

Frontoethmoidal mucocele presenting as proptosis.

Siderosis bulbi as a consequence of a missed intraocular foreign body.

An uncommon cause of radial access failure.

Trilogy of foregut atresia without genetic abnormality: exception to the Martinez-Frias syndrome.

Group G streptococcal sepsis, septic arthritis and myositis in a patient with severe oral ulcerations.

A rare case of stricture urethra presenting as pyocele and urethrotunica vaginalis fistula.

Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection presenting as subacute small bowel obstruction following immunosuppressive chemotherapy for multiple myeloma.

Bilateral saccular inguinal hernias in an elderly woman presenting with advanced ovarian cancer.

High-altitude pulmonary oedema in native highlanders.

Cyst with a mural nodule: unusual imaging characteristics of a cystic meningioma.

Two cases of primary hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy

Caecal faecolith, a cause of acute appendicitis.

Retrograde trans-anterior communicating artery rescue of unopened Pipeline Embolization Device with balloon dilation: complication management.

Management of internal resorption of central incisor using hybrid technique.

MELAS, an important consideration in the adult population presenting with unusual and recurrent stroke-like episodes.

The 'hidden' SAPHO syndrome.

GAPO syndrome with pansutural craniosynostosis leading to intracranial hypertension.

High abrupt cord termination: a hallmark of caudal regression syndrome.

An uncommon complication of acute stroke thrombolysis.

Cervical epidural abscess following an Escherichia coli urinary tract infection.

Difficult to wean: think of the diaphragm.

Pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour after Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Acute genital ulcers.

An extraordinary survival at the age of 67 years in an unoperated case tetralogy of Fallot presenting as systemic hypertension despite RV dysfunction.

Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and gastrostomy for a giant hiatal hernia in an infant with situs inversus totalis.

Rapid diagnosis of Campylobacter jejuni by stool Gram stain examination.

Albright's hereditary dystrophy: brain stones.

Virtual histology assessment of coronary atheroma influences treatment strategy in the young acute coronary syndrome patient.

Breast malignancy masquerading under the cloak of acute urticaria.

Lichen scrofulosorum.

Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax complicating miliary tuberculosis in a young woman.

Orbital metastasis as the inaugural presentation of occult rectal cancer.

Florid cystic endosalpingiosis, masquerading as malignancy in a young patient: a brief review.

A liver with a highly abnormal appearance.

Prolonged spontaneous normocalcaemia in pseudohypoparathyroidism from resorption of soft tissue calcium deposits: a cautionary tale.

Denosumab should be the treatment of choice for bisphosphonate refractory hypercalcaemia of malignancy.

Borderline tuberculoid leprosy with type 1/reversal reaction.

Myxoedema coma: an almost forgotten, yet still existing cause of multiorgan failure.

Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the cerebellopontine angle in an adult: a review of literature.

Acute phase endovascular intervention on a pseudoaneurysm formed due to rupture of an anterior communicating artery aneurysm.

Histopathological insight of complex odontoma associated with a dentigerous cyst.

Clown nose: a case of disfiguring nodular squamous cell carcinoma of the face.

Solid pseudopapillary tumour (Frantz's tumour) of the pancreas in childhood.

Serositis and desquamation of fingers and toes.

The effect of bumetanide treatment on the sensory behaviours of a young girl with Asperger syndrome.

Leucoerythroblastosis and thrombocytopenia as clues to metastatic malignancy.

Stomach infarction in an ex-premature infant.

Salter-Harris II forearm fracture reduction and fixation using a buttress plate.

Fibrin sheath following pleurodesis.

Type I keratoprosthesis for visual rehabilitation of patients with xeroderma pigmentosum.

Fatal Bipolaris spicifera infection in an immunosuppressed child.

Rectal schwannoma on endoscopic polypectomy.

Asymptomatic primary rectal neuroendocrine carcinoma presented as a large pelvic mass.

Infected and ruptured retroperitoneal teratoma.

An unusual case of ectodermal dysplasia: combating senile features at an early age.

The elephant man syndrome.

A moth-eaten radius.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis presenting as sacral bone metastasis.

Extremely atypical thrombus coating the left atrium and left atrial appendage.

Ventricular fibrillation due to coronary vasospasm.

Diagnosis and treatment of gout.

Intradural extramedullary and intracranial tuberculomas with concurrent communicating syringomyelia.

Disseminated cryptococcosis involving the head and neck.

Unidentified intralesional and intracellular coccoid microorganism discovered in the young man with a diffuse erosive gastroduodenitis and multiple superficial ulcerations.

Loeys-Dietz syndrome: life threatening aortic dissection diagnosed on routine family screening.

A Trojan horse saddle stuck in the lung.

A video demonstration of pacemaker-induced pectoral muscle stimulation.

Osteochondroma of condyle: case discussion and review of treatment modalities.

Weismann-Netter-Stuhl syndrome: report of two cases and treatment.

Early vein graft failure leading to acute myocardial infarction, dehiscence and haemopericardium treated by percutaneous coil embolisation and balloon tamponade.

Chylous ascites as a consequence of idiopathic pancreatitis.

Diffuse malignant epithelioid mesothelioma in a background of benign multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma: a case report and review of the literature.

Abnormal brain MRI diffusion-weighted imaging in a case of Opalski syndrome.

Tuberculosis of the glans penis healing with meatal stenosis.

Not just a fracture.

Retrosternal thyroid mass resulting in axillosubclavian vein thrombosis.

Two rare manifestations of Q fever: splenic and hepatic abscesses and cerebral venous thrombosis, with literature review ma non troppo.

Acquired hemophilia A as a cause of acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Vocal cord paralysis associated with Ramsay Hunt syndrome: looking back 50 years.

CD8 transverse myelitis in a patient with HIV-1 infection.

Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis with negative allergy testing.

Pendular nystagmus associated with venlafaxine overdose: a forme fruste of the serotonin syndrome?

Bilateral inguinal hernia in a female child.

Iatrogenic dependence of anabolic-androgenic steroid in an Indian non-athletic woman.

A rare case of massive cutaneous metastases in breast carcinoma.

Polyarteritis nodosa presenting as profuse gastrointestinal bleeding.

Minimally invasive surgery to manage a complicated case of a caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy.

Tip variant focal segmental glomerulosclerosis associated with interferon-ß treatment of multiple sclerosis.

Widespread bullous fixed drug eruption.

A rare case of prosthetic endocarditis and dehiscence in a mechanical valved conduit.

Role of imaging in successful management of malignant ovarian vein thrombosis in RCC.

Two siblings with unbalanced t(10;21) translocations and non-neuropathic neuropathic bladder.

Twin athlete brothers with open physes operated for ACL reconstruction on the same day, but with different elapsed times after injury: a 5-year follow-up.

Fever of unknown origin in a patient with red ears: relapsing polychondritis.

Reactive arthritis induced by intravesical BCG therapy for bladder cancer.

Disseminated tuberculosis following liver transplant presenting with an axillary abscess.

Excellent postoperative analgesia with the addition of hyaluronidase to lignocaine for subcostal TAP block used in conjunction with systemic analgesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Bevacizumab in vitreous haemorrhage secondary to radiation retinopathy.

A rare sequela of chronic pseudo-obstruction.

Malignancy-associated gastroparesis: an important and overlooked cause of chronic nausea and vomiting.

All that glitters is not always gold.

Corpus cavernosum abscess after Winter procedure performance.

Unilateral retinitis pigmentosa: 30 years follow-up.

Tuberculosis of the pubic symphysis.

Unusual prosthetic femoral head fracture in total hip arthroplasty: ceramic on polyethylene articulation.

Gastric volvulus following diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a rare complication.

Infectious pacemaker exteriorisation.

Recurrent pain-abdomen, breathlessness and abdominal injury in the remote past.

An unusual cause for neck swelling: apical lung hernia.

Crossed unfused renal ectopia.

Breast at back passage-neonatal central perineal accessory breast at the site of an imperforate anus.

The journey of mesothelioma: from postmortem to FNA.

Painless aortic dissection, presenting as dyspnoea.

Catch me if you can: migrating oesophageal foreign body.

Think global, act local: chronic dysuria and sterile pyuria in an Eritrean-American woman.

A surprising diagnosis: metastatic prostate cancer causing cervical lymphadenopathy.

Whitmore's disease: an uncommon urological presentation.

Marked functional improvement after combined chemoradiotherapy for cervical spine glioblastoma causing quadriparesis in an adolescent.

Adenosine-induced coronary vasospasm following drug-eluting stent implantation.

Topical timolol for treatment of epistaxis in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia associated with bradycardia: a look at CYP2D6 metabolising variants.

A bone metastasis of non-small cell lung carcinoma with prominent clear cell features.

Refractory status epilepticus complicated by drug-induced involuntary movements.

Bilateral cryptorchidism with bilateral synchronous abdominal testicular germ cell tumour.

Fatal blunt cardiac injury: are there any subtle indicators?

Wolman disease in an infant.

Acute isolated right ventricular myocardial infarction masquerading as acute anterior myocardial infarction.

Postoperative myxoedema coma.

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Alport syndrome: a rare cause of uraemia.

Pulmonary hypertension in a pregnant patient with thyrotoxicosis due to Graves' disease: considerations with respect to treatment.

Severe systemic Bacillus anthracis infection in an intravenous drug user.

Burkholderia cepacia endophthalmitis, in a penicillin allergic patient, following a ranibizumab injection.

Antenatally detected solid tumour of kidney.

A case of benign subcutaneous emphysema.

Jarcho-Levin syndrome: a rare syndrome presented with asymptomatic cardiac murmur.

Diffuse peritoneal deciduosis mimicking metastatic lesions.

When perennial rhinitis worsens: rhinolith mimicking severe allergic rhinitis.

Traditional first aid in a case of snake bite: more harm than good.

Pseudomembranous collagenous colitis: an unusual cause of chronic diarrhoea.

Ophthalmomyiasis externa from Hakkari, the south east border of Turkey.

Spinal dural AV fistula: an unusual cause of chest pain.

An unexpected cause of vaginal bleeding: the role of pelvic radiography.

Isolated abdominal aortic dissection.

Ileocaecal intussusception due to submucosal lipoma in a pregnant woman.

Acute secondary adrenal insufficiency as the presenting manifestation of small-cell lung carcinoma.

Coronary stent mimicking as foreign body in the left bronchus in an elderly woman with acute onset of cough: a confusing artefact.

Kernohan's notch and misdiagnosis of disorders of consciousness.

Lateral rectus palsy following coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention.

Metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma of unknown primary source.

Lipoma arborescens: an unusual case of knee swelling.

Combined use of Solitaire FR and Penumbra devices for endovascular treatment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in a child.

Massive haemoptysis following dabigatran administration in a patient with bronchiectasis.

Bilateral hip arthritis in a case of renal osteodystrophy.

A rare aetiology for increased drain output following a robotic-assisted prostatectomy.

A man from South Asia presenting with abdominal pain.

Fetal ascites and hydrometrocolpos due to persistent urogenital sinus and cloaca: a rare congenital anomaly and review of literature.

Incidental finding of an orbital foreign body in a child with microcephaly and developmental delay.

Iatrogenic takotsubo cardiomyopathy induced by locally applied epinephrine and cocaine.

Sepsis-induced purpura fulminans caused by Pasteurella multocida.

Abdominal pain and swelling as an initial presentation of spinal tuberculosis.

Mobile ependymoma diagnosed with cine MRI.

Regurgitation of blood flow from the ectatic LAD artery as a cause of angina demonstrated during coronary angiogram.

Digital high-pressure injection injury: the importance of early recognition and treatment.

Fracture and aspiration of a tracheostomy tube.

Radiation-induced SVC syndrome.

Acute large bowel obstruction secondary to stage 4 colonic carcinoma in an elderly man with severe aortic stenosis: a therapeutic challenge.

Posterior shoulder dislocation while lifting weights: a missed diagnosis.

Red fist and muscle weakness with a rare complication.

Widespread skin rash following travel to South-East Asia.

Reticular schwannoma mimicking myxoid sarcoma.

Jejunal perforation: a rare presentation of B-cell lymphoma.

Complete C4 vertebral body destruction: a dramatic finding in a patient with a new diagnosis of myeloma.

Functional paraganglioma.

Retained foreign body after chest stab wound.

Complications of the 'Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Programme' following pedicled vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in perineum reconstruction.

Aneurysmal bone cyst of medial cuneiform and a novel surgical technique for mid-foot reconstruction.

A solitary osteochondroma of the scapula.

Severe vascular calcification and gangrene in a haemodialysis patient.

Neck of femur fracture fixation in a bilateral amputee: an uncommon condition requiring an improvised fracture table positioning technique.

Keeping track of migratory pulmonary lesions.

Poland syndrome involving the left hemithorax with dextrocardia and herniation of the spleen.

Disseminated tuberculosis manifesting as cholestasis in a patient with AIDS: a presentation to remember.

A clue in a colour? EBUS-TBNA in the analysis of isolated mediastinal lymphadenopathy.

Internal herniation through a defect in the transverse mesocolon.

Congenital giant male anterior urethral diverticulum with calculi.

Pneumoperitoneum and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) following chemotherapy in an adolescent with Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Supraventricular tachycardia precipitated by a peripherally inserted central catheter in an infant with gastroschisis.

Hypercalcaemia: atypical presentation of miliary tuberculosis.

Ketoacidosis is not always due to diabetes.

Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia: a frequently misdiagnosed movement disorder.

Rehabilitation of maxillary arch with attachment-retained mesh-reinforced single complete denture.

Mechanical mitral valve thrombosis in rheumatic valve disease.

Thermal trauma to abdominal wall vascularised composite allotransplant.

Anabolic steroids abuse-induced cardiomyopathy and ischaemic stroke in a young male patient.

DIPNECH presenting on a background of malignant melanoma: new lung nodules are not always what they seem.

Polyangiitis overlap syndrome of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's granulomatosis) and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome).

Very late stent thrombosis following the placement of a crossing Y-stent with dual closed-cell stents for the coiling of a wide-necked aneurysm.

Maxillary molar distalization with first class appliance.

Huge trichobezoar causing obstructive jaundice.

Systemic lupus erythematosus mimicking lymphoma: the relevance of the clinical background in interpreting imaging studies.

Limiting progressive hippocampal metabolic abnormalities after smoke inhalation injury.

Solitary necrotic nodule of the liver: a very challenging diagnosis!

All that wheezes is not asthma.

Insulinoma: rare yet important.

Primary tuberculosis of the thyroid gland: an unexpected cause of thyrotoxicosis.

Herpes simplex keratitis-induced endophthalmitis in a patient with AIDS with disseminated tuberculosis.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in a patient with late postpartum eclampsia.

-Methyldopa-induced hepatitis during the postpartum period.

Idiopathic left ventricular apical hypoplasia.

McConnell's sign: an early and specific indicator of acute pulmonary embolism.

Iatrogenic oesophageal transection during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Abdominal wall necrotising fasciitis due to dislodged percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube.

Spotty skin pigmentation and multiple blue naevi as cutaneous markers for spinal melanotic schwannoma.

Ischaemic stroke as initial presentation of systemic malignancy.

Dual pathology of the submandibular gland: plasmacytoma and pleomorphic adenoma.

Triple communicating complicated hepatic hydatid cyst: an unusual presentation and laparoendoscopic management.

Novel therapeutic use of Versajet for intestinal mucormycosis.

Takes two to tango.

Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome due to squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus.

Familial bulbar urethral strictures.

Generalised weakness in a young patient: a cause for concern?

Opana ER abuse and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)-like illness: a rising risk factor in illicit drug users.

A patient with a red eye and pulmonary oedema.

Clostridium hathewayi bacteraemia and surgical site infection after uterine myomectomy.

Resolution of idiopathic granulomatous orbital inflammation with intraorbital triamcinolone.

Pancytopenia in Lyme disease.

CT coronary angiography evaluation of involvement of the left internal mammary artery graft in advanced left upper lobe lung tumour.

Enterocolitis without diarrhoea in an adult patient: a clinical dilemma.

Metachronous biliary carcinoma with intraductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma 13 years after curative resection of hilar bile duct cancer.

Brachial neuritis following a corticosteroid injection.

Visual restoration after suprachoroidal haemorrhage in glaucoma surgery.

Endoscopic haemostasis by polypectomy: a case of sigmoid colon tubular adenoma with arterial haemorrhage.

An unusual cause for epigastric pain in pregnancy. Spontaneous uterine rupture with herniation of the amniotic sac in a 33-week primigravida.

Acute disseminated intravascular coagulation following ICD lead extraction.

Nitrofurantoin immune-mediated drug-induced liver injury: a serious complication of a commonly prescribed medication.

Isolated splenic tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient.

Positron emission tomography aids diagnosis of relapsing polychondritis.

Breast gangrene: a rare source of severe sepsis.

Voriconazole-induced periostitis in a patient with overlap syndromes.

At high altitude in the Netherlands: secondary erythrocytosis due to HB-Malmö.

Severe vitamin B12 deficiency with pancytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly and leukoerythroblastosis in two Syrian refugee infants: a challenge to differentiate from acute leukaemia.

Hint of Lyme, an uncommon cause of syncope.

Solitary tubercular caecal ulcer causing massive lower gastrointestinal bleed: a formidable diagnostic challenge.

Diagnostic dilemma in a case of osteolytic lesions.

Small bowel radiation enteritis diagnosed by capsule endoscopy.

An atypical case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome precipitated by valproate.

Merosin-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy with cerebral white matter changes: a clue to its diagnosis beyond infancy.

Intra-articular osteoid osteoma of the distal humerus: a diagnostic challenge.

A rare cause of pleural effusion: ruptured primary pleural hydatid cyst.

Wilkie's syndrome: a rare cause of intestinal obstruction.

Adenomyomatous hyperplasia of the ampulla of Vater presenting as acute pancreatitis.

Acute intestinal obstruction complicating pregnancy: diagnosis and surgical management.

Spinal cord tuberculosis: a paradoxical response to antituberculous therapy.

Recurrent aseptic meningitis as a rare but important presentation of congenital petrous apex cholesteatoma: the value of appropriate imaging.

When smear and molecular diagnostics fail: identification of tuberculosis in advanced HIV infection using the newly developed urine lipoarabinomannan lateral-flow assay.

Torticollis following tympanoplasty: an index case with lessons in encountering the unexpected.

Shared decision-making in treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma.

A case of pseudocyanosis.

Normoammonemic encephalopathy: solely valproate induced or multiple mechanisms?

Hypnotic hiccups.

A rare cause of asymptomatic solitary pulmonary nodule: adult Schistosoma worm.

Orbital apex syndrome secondary to herpes zoster virus infection.

Hypoglycaemia in a patient who is non-diabetic.

Rickettsial meningitis.

When an ulcer is not 'just an ulcer': pyoderma gangrenosum.

A persistent case of tuberculosis of the pubic symphysis and pubic bone.

Hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia-epilepsy syndrome: clinical course and neuroradiological features in a 20-month-old girl.

Clinical isolated syndrome mimicking focal brainstem glioma in a child.

Imaging features of primary hyperparathyroidism.

Mephedrone inhalation causes pneumomediastinum.

An 80-year-old man with erythema, scales and pustules on the left ear auricle.

Idiopathic bilateral male breast abscess.

Ortner's syndrome.

Supplementary permanent incisor teeth.

The clinical dilemma of treating transient ischaemic attack-like symptoms in patients with coexisting arteriovenous malformation.

Acute kidney injury after massive attack of Africanised bees.

Perforated isolated jejunal diverticulum: a rare aetiology of acute abdomen.

Spontaneous bladder rupture of a urinary bladder with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Mesenteric ischaemia secondary to portomesenteric venous thrombosis, 2 weeks post laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in a cirrhotic patient.

Photoblepharokeratoconjunctivitis caused by invisible infrared radiation emitted from a green laser pointer.

Librium for bed 1, a bottle of scotch for bed 2.

Delayed healing of a navicular stress fracture, following limited weight-bearing activity.

Sestamibi scintigraphy for parathyroid localisation: a reminder of the dangers of false positives.

Recurrent metastatic breast cancer presenting with paraneoplastic scleroderma.

Cerebellar and oculomotor dysfunction induced by rapid infusion of pethidine.

Successful medical management of tuberculous broncho-oesophageal fistula.

Mobile left atrial round mass free floating in mitral regurgitation flow mimicking a whale spray.

Muddy clinical waters: a missed pulmonary embolus.

Transsphenoidal encephalocele masquerading as nasal mass in a 2-year-old boy.

Hepatic haemangiomatosis: multinodular liver in an asymptomatic elderly man.

Intraoperative hypercarbia and massive surgical emphysema secondary to transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEMS).

Signet ring cell carcinoma's myelophthisis.

Supratentorial extraventricular anaplastic ependymoma in a child.

Missed ascending colon cancer in an older patient with extensive ulcerative colitis.

Coma from wall suction-induced CSF leak complicating spinal surgery.

A rare association of extragonadal seminoma with synchronous papillary carcinoma of the thyroid.

Missed canal...call from radix entomolaris.

Successful gefitinib treatment administration via gastrostomy tube in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer with dysphagia.

Chest pain caused by pulmonary vein thrombi could be curable by dabigatran.

Semilobar holoprosencephaly with 21q22 deletion: an autopsy report.

Neisseria meningitidis as a cause of facial cellulitis.

Mycoplasma pneumonia-associated mucositis.

Small bowel obstruction and perforation secondary to primary enterolithiasis in a patient with jejunal diverticulosis.

Holy Saturday asthma.

Left maxillary artery pseudoaneurysm: a rare and late postoperative complication after head and neck cancer treatment.

Three-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography for the diagnosis of prosthetic valve endocarditis.

Corrective osteotomy in femoral non-union in drug-induced hypophosphataemic osteomalacia.

Hereditary anterior megalophthalmos with posterior vitreoretinopathy: a surgical challenge.

Tuberculous retropharyngeal abscess revisited.

Drop attacks: an unexpected diagnosis.

Antemortem diagnosis with multiple random skin biopsies and transbronchial lung biopsy in a patient with intravascular large B-cell lymphoma, the so-called Asian variant lymphoma.

Importance of a thorough drug history in presurgical patients.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome.

Primary septic arthritis of talonavicular joint.

Primary ileoileal intussusception without a lead point simulating appendicular mass in a 4-year-old girl.

An unusual presentation of a dural arteriovenous fistula of the sphenoparietal sinus.

Omental infarct in a hernia: an unusual cause of paediatric acute scrotum.

Primary hyperparathyroidism from a probable ectopic parathyroid adenoma with severe skeletal disease and vitamin D deficiency.

Minor anomalous left atrial branch originating from right coronary artery.

Fish bone perforation of the terminal ileum presenting as acute appendicitis.

Bilateral protrusio acetabuli of the hip.

Treatment of trivalvular rheumatic heart disease: why it matters where we live.

Hashimoto's hypothyroidism presenting with SUFE (slipped upper femoral epiphysis).

Lymphangioma of the breast.

Primary extranodal variant of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

A clinical report demonstrating the significance of distinguishing a nasopalatine duct cyst from a radicular cyst.

Subcutaneous emphysema.

Intraparenchymal haemorrhage and uncal herniation resulting from dobutamine stress echocardiography.

Phlyctenular conjunctivitis: a rare association with spinal intramedullary tuberculoma.

Think Hickam's dictum not Occam's razor in paediatric HIV.

Labial and palatal talon cusp on the maxillary supernumerary tooth in a deciduous dentition.

Primary gut aspergillosis in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia: the importance of early suspicion and definitive treatment.

A contrast-enhancing lumbar ligamentum flavum haematoma.

Metallosis in a total knee arthroplasty.

Adrenocortical carcinoma presenting as bilateral pitting leg oedema.

Aortic valve myxoma at the extreme age: a review of literature.

Isolated ST elevation in lead aVR during TMT at high workload as a marker of ostioproximal LAD occlusion.

The first case of Henoch-Schonlein purpura associated with rosuvastatin: colonic involvement coexisting with small intestine.

Surviving acute cyanide poisoning: a longitudinal neuropsychological investigation with interval MRI.

Successful weaning from mechanical ventilation in a patient with surfactant protein C deficiency presenting with severe neonatal respiratory distress.

Graves' disease presenting as unilateral anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy.

Brevibacterium casei isolated as a cause of relapsing peritonitis.

Acute respiratory failure in a 35-year-old woman following preterm vaginal delivery.

A case of asymptomatic renal pseudoaneurysm post partial nephrectomy treated successfully.

Primary colonic signet ring cell carcinoma in a young patient.

Miliary tuberculosis with atypical presentation in an immunocompetent young African man.

Endodontic retreatment of a mandibular first molar with five root canal systems: an important clinical lesson.

A 22-year-old man with chronic red eye and dysuria.

Successful flexible bronchoscopic management of a large-sized aspirated partial denture.

A case of impacted central incisor due to dentigerous cyst associated with impacted compound odontome.

Giant coronary aneurysm presenting as a cardiac mass on transthoracic echocardiogram.

Nutritional implications of selective eating in a child with autism spectrum disorder.

Dilated cardiomyopathy and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis.

A case of scrotal venous malformation mimicking a failed varicocelectomy.

Life-threatening angioedema of the tongue: the detection of the RNA of B henselae in the saliva of a male patient and his dog as well as of the DNA of three Bartonella species in the blood of the patient.

A rare cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: primary pericardial mesothelioma masquerading as pericardial constriction.

Eating disorders should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with acute kidney injury and electrolyte derangement.

Asymptomatic posterior mediastinal teratoma diagnosed incidentally.

The return of a disappearing entity: Dressler's syndrome after transvenous pacemaker implantation.

Iliac artery pseudoaneurysm presenting as a paravertebral collection: a potentially fatal mimic.

Acute shortening and angulation for limb salvage in a paediatric patient with a high-energy blast injury.

Wernicke's encephalopathy in a patient with gastric carcinoma: a diagnosis not to miss.

Lactic acidosis in diabetic ketoacidosis.

Quadrigeminal cistern lipoma mimicking intracranial air.

Ocular and skin manifestations in systemic pseudohypoaldosteronism.

Joubert syndrome.

Spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage in a young adult.

Perforated jejunal diverticulum: a rare presentation of acute abdomen.

Paediatric benign cystic monodermal testicular teratoma.

Spontaneous ectopic tubal pregnancy after laparoscopic tubal sterilisation by segmental isthmic partial salpingectomy.

Radioactive seed localisation to guide removal of impalpable lymph nodes (radioguided occult lesion localisation using iodine-125 seeds, 'ROLLIS').

Infected total elbow arthroplasty treated by cemented arthrodesis.

Stercoral perforation in a child: a rare complication of NSAID use.

Large retroperitoneal low-grade extraskeletal osteosarcoma.

Bilateral vocal cord palsy post thyroidectomy: lessons learnt.

Gastric variceal bleeding due to pancreatitis-induced splenic vein thrombosis.

Boston type 1 based keratoprosthesis (Auro Kpro) and its modification (LVP Kpro) in chronic Stevens Johnson syndrome.

Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) with asymmetric findings.

MDCT demonstration of jejunal angiodysplasia: an uncommon cause of lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

Central vein stenosis masquerading as venous thrombosis.

Serum vitamin D levels may not reflect tissue-level vitamin D in sarcoidosis.

Giant hand lipoma invaginating the thenar muscles.

Ethmoidal dural arteriovenous fistula with unusual drainage route treated by transarterial embolization.

Not your typical torticollis: a case of atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation.

Small cell lung carcinoma presenting as a caecal polyp on surveillance colonoscopy.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto's disease with abdominal pain due to intra-abdominal lymphadenitis.

Paraneoplastic overlap syndrome in non-small squamous cell lung carcinoma.

Fabrication of a hollow bulb prosthesis for the rehabilitation of an acquired total maxillectomy defect.

Liver involvement in tuberous sclerosis.

Swimming with the fishes.

Spontaneous hymeneal endometriosis: a rare cause of dyspareunia.

Renal abscesses in childhood: report of two uncommon cases.

Successful pregnancy in a woman with paraplegia.

An AIDS-defining neoplasm in a 30-year-old man on highly active antiretroviral therapy: a forgotten diagnosis?

Helicobacter pylori-negative Russell body gastritis: does the diagnosis call for screening for plasmacytic malignancies, especially multiple myeloma?

The importance of genetic mutation screening to determine retransplantation following failed kidney allograft from recurrent atypical haemolytic ureamic syndrome.

Treating neuromyelitis optica with the interleukin-6 receptor antagonist tocilizumab.

Filling the void: a case of sepsis following the injection of a penile bulking agent.

Necrotising fasciitis after bortezomib and dexamethasone-containing regimen in an elderly patient of Waldenström macroglobulinaemia.

A surprising content of congenital hernia: complete splenogonadal fusion band.

A radical treatment for surfer's eye.

A massive retroperitoneal neuroblastoma with stenosis of the inferior vena cava in a 5-month-old boy.

Neonatal non-laparoscopic non-robotic pneumovesical distension presenting as acute abdomen.

High-altitude cerebral oedema mimicking stroke.

Pituitary apoplexy syndrome as the manifestation of intracranial tuberculoma.

Bilateral perinatal arterial stroke in a neonate.

Hormone dependency in metastatic low-grade leiomyosarcoma following uterine smooth muscle tumour of uncertain malignant potential.

Carotid stent infection: a rare but potentially fatal complication of carotid artery stenting.

Elephantiasis nostras verrucosa.

Pitfall in lung ultrasound: 'pseudo B-line' seen in both hydropneumothorax and in a cup of coffee.

Midgut malrotation presenting with left-sided acute appendicitis and CT inversion sign.

Abdominal cocoon.

Management of digital vasculopathy in systemic sclerosis: benefits of multiple courses of endothelin-1 receptor antagonists.

Double trouble: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy coexistent with malignant anomalous right coronary artery.

Arthroprosthetic cobaltism and pseudotumour also occur in patients with small diameter femoral ball head metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasties.

Central pontine myelinolysis: electrolytes and beyond.

Collagenous sprue: a coeliac disease look-alike with different treatment strategy.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: typical imaging findings.

Twin ostial openings in the left posterior aortic sinus: a pictorial overview of coronary revascularisation and aortic valve replacement in a patient with absent left main artery.

'Monolateral' superior vena cava syndrome: right internal jugular vein occlusion.

Sclerosing stromal tumour of the ovary presenting as precocious puberty: a rare neoplasm.

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: report of two brothers with the same illness and review of literature.

Chest pain in a young patient: an unusual complication of Epstein-Barr virus.

Valvular aortic stenosis causing angiodysplasia and acquired von Willebrand's disease: Heyde's syndrome.

Chest pain with raised troponin, ECG changes but normal coronary arteries.

Classical complication of infective endocarditis: ruptured, large mycotic cerebral aneurysm.

Severe facial swelling in a pregnant woman after using hair dye.

Pseudohyponatraemia due to L-asparaginase-associated dyslipidaemia in T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma.

Severe systemic candidiasis following immunomodulation therapy in in vitro fertilisation-embryo transfer (IVF-ET).

Scapular winging in a patient with Arnold-Chiari malformation type 1 and syringomyelia.

Empyema thoracis from an inhaled peanut.

Methylmalonic acidaemia in pregnancy.

Typhoid fever with caecal ulcer bleed: managed conservatively.

Chediak-Higashi syndrome in accelerated phase masquerading as severe acute malnutrition.

Transstyloid, transscaphoid, transcapitate fracture: a variant of scaphocapitate fractures.

Does minimally invasive also stand for minimal patient risk? Lessons from an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Peroneal nerve involvement as initial manifestation of primary systemic vasculitis.

Incidental 'ethmoid sinolith'--an unusual cause of frontal recess obstruction.

Couvelaire uterus.

Antegrade rheolytic thrombectomy and thrombolysis for superior sagittal sinus thrombosis using burr hole access.

It isn't always caviar.

Unusual sites for primary hydatid cysts: self experience with five cases.

Pancreatitis in scrub typhus: a rare complication.

Prolapsed ureterocele, with calculi within, causing urinary retention in adult female.

ANCA-associated vasculitis and pauci-immune glomerulonephritis in HIV disease.

Bilateral supernumerary kidneys: how much is too much?

Misdiagnosis of common variable immune deficiency.

Gastric diverticulum a rare endoscopic finding.

Bilateral primary testicular lymphoma.

An 11-year-old boy with Plasmodium falciparum malaria and dengue co-infection.

An interesting science experiment: hazards of magnets.

An unusual cause of small bowel obstruction in children: lentil soup bezoar.

School refusal in adolescent young man: could this be an idiopathic amotivational syndrome?

Inferno: colour Doppler ultrasound sign of orchitis.

Primary pulmonary cryptococcosis.

Bochdalek hernia causing type II respiratory failure in an elderly patient.

Coronary artery aneurysms involving all the three coronaries: a rare entity.

Acute cardiac tamponade in light-chain amyloidosis.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the most distal rectum: a dilemma in origin and management.

Chronic herpes simplex virus type 2 encephalitis associated with posterior uveitis.

Non-familial cherubism: clinical and radiological findings.

Keeping NAION visual loss: discriminating urgent versus emergent visual loss in an elderly female.

Recurrent bilateral periorbital and circumoral bruising due to vomiting.

Nodular pretibial myxoedema after treatment of Graves disease with radioactive iodine ablation therapy.

Placental site nodule (PSN): an uncommon diagnosis with a common presentation.

Dynamic tube movement after reimplantation of Ahmed glaucoma valve in a child with glaucoma in aphakia.

Buccal mucosa tumour around the parotid papilla.

Benign fibrous histiocytoma of the maxillary posterior tooth region.

Septic arthritis secondary to rat bite fever: a challenging diagnostic course.

External iliac artery dissection causing early renal transplant dysfunction.

Complex shoulder injuries in sports.

Eosinophilic granuloma of the mandible: a diagnostic dilemma.

Pneumothorax as a presentation of perforated duodenal ulcer.

Innominate artery injury: a catastrophic complication of tracheostomy, operative procedure revisited.

A rare cause of susceptibility to neutropenic sepsis in a patient with metastatic pancreas cancer.

Diffuse bowel uptake of 18F-FDG on PET/CT examination of a patient with diabetes treated with metformin.

Conservative management of subglottic stenosis in pregnancy resulting in vaginal birth.

Cutaneous horn arising from an area of discoid lupus erythematosus on the scalp.

Primary chronic osteomyelitis in the mandible: a conservative approach.

Iliac artery pseudoaneurysm: a rare complication following allograft nephrectomy.

Fractured zygomatic arch: a traumatic cause for trismus.

Human feline oesophagus.

Retroperitoneal Castleman's disease: benign in the midst of malignancy.

Massive milky pleural effusion.

A rare cause of severe hepatomegaly with an improving outcome.

Not just a red eye.

Implant failure caused by non-union of bisphosphonate-associated subtrochanteric femur fracture.

Acute graft occlusion of abdominal aorta after anaphylaxis.

Auditory hallucinations induced by trazodone.

Interstitial lung disease in antisynthetase syndrome without clinical myositis.

Male Zuska's disease.

Juvenile dermatomyositis in a Nigerian girl.

Aneurysmal bone cyst of the ethmoid bone.

A cautionary tale on the use of antiplatelet treatment following TURP.

Lung adenocarcinoma masquerading as refractory Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) in a patient treated with antiviral therapy for hepatitis C.

A non-ischaemic cause of elevated troponin.

'Trapped temporal horn' of lateral ventricle in tuberculous meningitis.

Bone marrow necrosis in an adult patient with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia at the time of presentation.

Mesenteric panniculitis.

CT imaging is invaluable in diagnosing emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN): a rare urological emergency.

Isolated extraocular muscle abscess presenting 40 years after squint surgery.

A dysmorphic newborn with petechiae and a 'Big Heart'.

Giant posterior abdominal wall arteriovenous malformation mimicking renal mass: rare images.

Organic foreign body causing lung collapse and bronchopleural fistula with empyema.

Puusepp's sign: a Babinski's sign equivalent.

Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty in case of Hurler-Scheie syndrome.

ST elevation without myocardial infarction.

Interferon ß-1a therapy for multiple sclerosis during pregnancy: an unresolved issue.

Sudden multiple fractures in a patient with sarcoidosis in multiple organs.

A malignant differential diagnosis for Peyronie's disease.

An adhesion-related small bowel obstruction occurring within 36 h of a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.

Invasive rhinosinusitis by Exserohilum rostratum in an immunocompetent child.

Multiple ring-enhancing lesions: diagnostic dilemma between neurocysticercosis and tuberculoma.

Stridor: an unusual presentation of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.

An infant with chronic severe neutropenia.

HELLP syndrome preceded by intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: one serious itch.

An unusual garlic burn occurring on an unexpected area.

The horses are the first thought but one must not forget the zebras even if they are rare: Stiff person syndrome associated with malignant mesothelioma.

Splenic flexure volvulus in which posture advice was effective.

Primary pulmonary Hodgkin's lymphoma and a review of the literature since 2006.

Sternal rub causing presternal abrasion in a patient with capsuloganglionic haemorrhage.

Fatal haemolytic crisis with microvascular pulmonary obstruction mimicking a pulmonary embolism in a young African man with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

Insulin supersensitivity and normoinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia in uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus: clinical usefulness of 3 h assessment in the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test.

Recurrent lipoblastoma of upper extremity in a 9-year-old boy.

Constipation: take it seriously.

Persisting weakness after withdrawal of a statin.

Rapidly progressive coronary artery disease as the first manifestation of antiphospholipid syndrome.

Coeliac disease in an adult presenting as intussusception without a lead point.

Pulmonary intravascular talcosis mimicking miliary tuberculosis in an intravenous drug addict.

Giant granuloma gravidarium of the oral cavity.

An extremely rare variant of mixed total anomalous pulmonary venous connection.

Gliomatosis cerebri mimicking viral encephalitis in a 4-year-old child.

A young woman with abdominal distension.

Hypercalcaemia and acute kidney injury following administration of vitamin D in granulomatous disease.

Giant coronary aneurysm presenting as acute coronary syndrome in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Aspergillus and mucormycosis presenting with normal chest X-ray in an immunocompromised host.

Massive loculated pleural effusion in a patient with pancreatic pseudocyst due to alcohol-related chronic pancreatitis.

A mandibular supernumerary Supplementary incisor.

Thyrotoxic hypokalaemic periodic paralysis: a rare presentation of Graves' disease in a Hispanic patient.

Scrotal migration of ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

An ingested foreign body: two sides of the same coin?

Late effects of antineoplastic therapy on the developing dentofacial complex.

Forceps-induced birth injury to the cornea.

Myopericytoma of the parotid region treated by extracapsular dissection.

Acardiac anceps: a rare congenital anomaly.

Immune-inflammatory markers in massively disseminated cysticercosis.

Isolated non-hereditary angioneurotic oedema of uvula (Quincke's disease) in an adolescent

Positron emission tomography findings in a patient with multiple myeloma of polymyalgia rheumatica-like symptoms caused by paraneoplastic syndrome.

Adenocarcinoma of the lung presenting with atypical cystic brain lesions.

Volume rendered three-dimensional CT angiography for the diagnosis of arteriovenous fistula and pseudoaneurysm of the popliteal artery following knee arthroscopy.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection in men presenting with acute coronary syndrome, successfully managed by intravascular ultrasound-guided percutaneous coronary intervention.

Harlequin ichthyosis: a case report of prolonged survival.

Platypnoea-orthodeoxia syndrome: novel cause for a known condition

Atypical Henoch-Schonlein purpura? Consider polyarteritis nodosa!

Fungal keratitis presenting as radial keratoneuritis.

A differential for right iliac fossa pain and the importance of consenting properly.

Use of an oscillatory PEP device to enhance bronchial hygiene in a patient of post-H1NI pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome with pneumothorax.

Midgut malrotation with congenital peritoneal band: a rare cause of small bowel obstruction in adulthood.

A rare cause of axillary lymphadenopathy: Kikuchi's disease.

Aspergilloma in a patient with a history of TB.

Schwannoma in the anterior orbita.

Paediatric spinal trauma. When in doubt, scan again.

De Garengeot hernia: a forgotten rare entity?

Postangioedema attack skin blisters: an unusual presentation of hereditary angioedema.

Single stage substernal thyroidectomy and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: is it worth using cardiopulmonary bypass unless absolutely necessary?

Adenomyosis in pregnancy mimicking morbidly adherent placenta.

Non-surgical treatment of skeletal class III malocclusion.

CANOMAD responding to weekly treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg).

Where is the right ventricle?

An 'appendiceal colic' caused by the Enterobius vermicularis.

Alveolar soft part sarcoma.

CNS intravascular lymphoma: an underappreciated cause of rapidly progressive dementia.

Holt-Oram: when the key to a broken heart is in the hand.

Sodium valproate-related hyperammonaemic encephalopathy.

Lipoid proteinosis: pathognomonic clinical and radiological features.

Concurrent flexor carpi radialis tendon rupture and closed distal radius fracture.

Acetabular fracture following penetration of buttock by railing spike: an unusual mechanism of injury needing careful immediate care.

An endless line on the chest radiograph.

Scurvy in an alcoholic patient treated with intravenous vitamins.

Delayed onset of rotatory self-motion perception, dysdiadochokinesia and disturbed eye pursuit caused by low-dose pregabalin.

Parasitic infection of the male breast.

Syringomyelia associated with inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.

A rare obstetric emergency: acute uterine torsion in a 32-week pregnancy.

Can cycles of chills and fever resolve bipolar disorder mania?

An unusual case of gout.

Pulmonary sarcoidosis shortly after spinal tuberculosis infection: a diagnostic challenge.

Histoplasmosis mimicking primary lung neoplasm.

A bad shortcut: partial anomalous pulmonary venous return.

Coexistence of giant cell fibroblastoma and encephalocele.

Nocturnal lagophthalmos: never seen before in hypernatraemic dehydration.

Extensive intracranial involvement with multiple dissections in a case of giant cell arteritis.

Invisibility of moving objects: a core symptom of motion blindness.

Recurrent fevers in children: TRAPS for young players.

Self-inflicted herpetic whitlow.

An erupted compound odontoma.

Primary low-grade diffuse small lymphocytic lymphoma of the central nervous system.

Amiodarone-induced myxoedema coma.

QT prolongation in a child with thyroid storm.

Metastatic bone lesion due to methotrexate and etanercept 24 years after breast cancer treatment.

Osseous haemophilic pseudotumour and concurrent primary hyperparathyroidism: a diagnostic conundrum.

Acute double flexor tendon ruptures following injection of collagenase clostridium histolyticum (Xiapex) for Dupuytren's contracture.

Pituitary metastasis from breast cancer presenting as diabetes insipidus.

Acute myocardial infarction following honeybee sting.

Haematological complete remission by ponatinib and bortezomib in a patient with relapsed, Phâ º pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Amelanotic malignant melanoma of the cervical oesophagus.

Adolescent right axillary accessory breast with galactorrhoea.

Hydatid cyst: unusual presentation as 'breast lump'.

Pitfalls of single lung transplantation (SLT) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Congenital disorders of glycosylation with neonatal presentation.

Delayed rupture of flexor tendons in zone V complicated by neuritis 18 years following Galeazzi fracture-dislocation.

Aspergilloma and massive haemoptysis.

Diagnosis of intestinal ascariasis in modern era.

Surgical repair following trauma to vascular graft causing spinal cord infarction.

Haemoptysis in an intravenous drug user: injection needle impacted in the left main bronchus.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma presenting as choreoathetosis.

Acute acalculous cholecystitis after abdominal wall repair (Rives-Stoppa).

Submucosal uterine fibroid prolapsed into vagina in a symptomatic patient with IUS.

Friend or foe? Figuring out the difference between FPIES, IgE-mediated allergy and food intolerance.

Choroidoretinal granuloma in a young female patient.

Solid pseudopapillary tumour of pancreas.

Solar urticaria in a 1-year-old infant: diagnosis and management.

Paget's disease: a unique case snippet.

'Rice bodies in the knee': classic tuberculosis of the knee.

Simultaneous discovery of bifrontal meningiomas and a glioblastoma multiforme.

Clinicoradiological improvement of intracranial tubercular abscess with medical management alone.

Extensive warfarin-induced skin necrosis successfully treated with negative pressure wound therapy.

Acute bilateral glaucoma and panuveitis as a side effect of topiramate for weight loss treatment.

Misidentification of Mycobacterium fortuitum in an immunocompetent patient presenting with a unilateral neck mass.

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation: a rare cause of dyspnoea on exertion.

Paranasal sinus and retro-orbital metastasis in a case of breast carcinoma: a clinicoradiological review.

Lateral foot pain following open reduction and internal fixation of the fracture of the fifth metatarsal tubercle: treated by arthroscopic arthrolysis and endoscopic tenolysis.

Myasthenia gravis masquerading as dysphagia: unveiled by magnesium infusion.

Reverse redistribution pattern in rest Tl-201 and stress Tc-99m SPECT in patients undergoing coronary interventions.

Cutaneous Crohn's disease of the vulva.

Crescent-in-doughnut sign and telescope sign of intussusception in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus: is the globe involved?

Rhinolith causing unilateral chronic maxillary rhinosinusitis.

Tenosynovitis of the peroneal tendons associated with a hypertrophic peroneal tubercle: radiography and MRI findings.

Scalp fibroma: a rare cutaneous manifestation of tuberous sclerosis.

The great masquerader: Behcet's disease.

An unusual presentation of miliary tuberculosis.

A case of recurrent gallstone ileus: the fate of the residual gallstone remains unknown.

Severe depression masquerading as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Rare presentation of intracranial vascular blowout after tumor resection and radiation therapy.

Breast cancer, DPYD mutations and capecitabine-related ileitis: description of two cases and a review of the literature.

Hyperbilirubinaemia and haemolytic anaemia in acute alcoholic hepatitis: there's oil in them thar veins.

Quadricuspid aortic valve: a rare congenital cardiac anomaly.

Onyx embolization of dural arteriovenous fistulas of the cavernous sinus through the superior pharyngeal branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery.

Considering iatrogenic psychosis after malignant glioma resection.

Traumatic appendicitis misdiagnosed as a case of haemoperitoneum.

Overwhelming Capnocytophaga canimorsus infection in a patient with asplenia.

Twelve-year-old boy with recurrent presentations of shortness of breath: an intraluminal tracheal tumour.

Delayed stenosis following stentriever use in acute stroke intervention.

Endovascular coil retrieval using a TrevoProVue stentriever.

Littre's hernia with an impalpable testis in a boy: a diagnostic dilemma.

Successful multidisciplinary treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma in a patient with complicated new-onset coronary artery disease.

Retropharyngeal abscess complicating 'innocent' foreign body ingestion.

Rare presentation of sebaceous hyperplasia.

Acute appendicitis: a potential complication of video capsule endoscopy.

Fibroepithelial ureteral polyps presenting as ureteropelvic obstruction.

'Blaschkoid' giant wart in immunocompetent patient.

Platypnoea orthodeoxia after hepatic surgery.

'Twenty-four-and-a-half' syndrome and contralateral hemifacial spasm due to pontine carvernoma.

'Dancing eyes, dancing feet syndrome' in small cell lung carcinoma.

Unusual ECG pattern of the acute inferior wall infarction due to RCA occlusion with concomitant LAD and LCX disease.

Essix restoration: a novel approach for transitional teeth replacement.

Congenital malignant melanoma of the scalp in a 25-day-old neonate.

Simultaneous bilateral triquetral fractures, acquired in two separate accidents within 9 h.

Mantle cell lymphoma: a rare cause of a solitary duodenal mass.

Autoimmune hepatitis: trust in transaminases.

Isolated III cranial nerve palsy: a Hodgkin's lymphoma?

Cutaneous horn: get to the bottom of it.

Bronchial atresia with finger-in-glove sign.

Acute facial oedema post live-donor renal transplantation.

Wide complex ventricular tachycardia presenting sign of metastatic pleural mesothelioma.

Acute myocardial infarction due to coronary thrombosis caused by blunt chest trauma.

Lead aVR: beyond 'No man's land'.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy with secondary coronary embolus.

Graves' disease as an uncommon cause of acute pericarditis.

Cystic schwannoma of the recurrent laryngeal nerve: a rare finding posing diagnostic difficulties.

Let sleeping dogs lie: a surprising chest X-ray in the paediatric emergency department.

'A rare cause of angina': multiple coronary cameral fistulae simulating coronary artery disease in a 71-year-old man.

Acute compressive myelopathy due to vertebral haemangioma.

A curious case of spontaneous duodenal haematoma presenting a diagnostic challenge.

Herpes zoster encephalopathy or acyclovir neurotoxicity: a management dilemma.

Common femoral vein canal lipoma causing chronic unilateral lower limb swelling.

CSF pseudocyst: an unusual cause of back pain.

Amyand's hernia with a periappendicular abscess.

An inability to learn to read caused by shaken baby syndrome.

Adult intussusception presenting as rectal prolapse.

Motor neurone disease presenting as polycythaemia.

Flucytosine-induced colitis.

Acquired gynatresia.

Three cases of Spontaneous Vertebral Artery Dissection (SVAD), resulting in two cases of Wallenberg syndrome and one case of Foville syndrome in young, healthy men.

Massive pneumoperitoneum following colonoscopic sigmoid perforation.

Successful treatment of bleeding large duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumour in a patient under dual antiplatelet therapy after recent drug-eluting coronary stent implantation.

Escherichia coli positive infratentorial subdural empyema secondary to mastoiditis and underlying cholesteatoma.

Night blindness due to vitamin A deficiency associated with copper deficiency myelopathy secondary to bowel bypass surgery.

Portal pyaemia following renal transplantation.

Haemoptysis or haematemesis? The not so bleeding obvious.

Not just another case of low back pain.

Medial opening wedge distal femoral osteotomy for post-traumatic secondary knee osteoarthritis.

Chemical injury caused by acute alendronic acid aspiration.

Renal cell carcinoma needle biopsy: sowing the seed for later complications?

Non-operative management of a grade IV pancreatic injury.

An idiopathic congenital chylothorax: surgery or conservative management?

Spectrum of left atrial thrombus in rheumatic heart disease.

Isolated and severe left main coronary stenosis in the young: a rare angiographic entity.

Haemolytic anaemia after nitrofurantoin treatment in a pregnant woman with G6PD deficiency.

Oesophageal papillomatosis, not amenable to endoscopic therapies, treated with oesophagectomy.

Curious case of calciphylaxis leading to acute mitral regurgitation.

Carney complex: fourth time excision of recurrent atrial myxoma via left thoracotomy.

Ring sequestrum of the tibia.

Necrotising fasciitis due to an infected sebaceous cyst.

Acute alveolar sarcoidosis presenting with hypoxaemic respiratory failure.

Spondylitic psoriatic arthritis presenting as acute urinary retention.

Postpartum HELLP syndrome and subcapsular liver haematoma.

Bilateral eruption cysts associated with primary molars in both the jaws.

Prednisone induced two-way myocardial development in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Molar pregnancy after tubal ligation in a patient with neuroendocrine tumour: when a rare condition coincides with an unexpected diagnosis.

Anaplastic astrocytoma presenting with simultaneous cranial nerve, brainstem and spinal leptomeningeal metastases.

Low back pain in a diabetic on chronic haemodialysis: pyogenic spondylodiscitis.

Hepatitis E-associated encephalopathy in a renal transplant recipient.

Malignant renal angiomyolipoma without tuberous sclerosis.

Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee: an unusual cause of knee pain.

Giant left paraduodenal hernia.

A Lilliputian army under the floorboards: persistent delirium with complete though prolonged recovery.

Delayed subaponeurotic (subgaleal) fluid collection.

'Why do I always see double?' A misdiagnosed case of ocular myasthenia gravis for 10 years.

Giant radicular cyst of the maxilla.

Neutropenic enterocolitis affecting the transverse colon: an unusual complication of chemotherapy.

A late presentation of isolated lymph node tuberculosis postintravesical BCG therapy for superficial bladder cancer: a novel case.

Unilateral striatal CT and MRI changes secondary to non-ketotic hyperglycaemia.

Pulmonary oedema in the emergency room: what is hidden beyond an apparently common presentation.

An unusual cause of biliary colic.

Missed acute appendicitis presenting as necrotising fasciitis of the thigh.

Resolution without treatment of granulomatous pneumonitis due to intravesical BCG for bladder cancer.

A single injection of intravitreal ranibizumab in the treatment of choroidal neovascularisation secondary to optic nerve head drusen in a child.

Leg pain following Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia.

Stubborn stones: breakages of a mechanical lithotripter by an exceptionally hard gallstone.

Young alcoholic patient with acute vision loss: pancreatitis-related or a marker of underlying autoimmune disease.

Neurophysiological findings in a newborn with chromosome 10 trisomy.

Isolated secondary CNS relapse in a case of stage I diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Extensive pulmonary involvement with raltegravir-induced DRESS syndrome in a postpartum woman with HIV.

Tuberculosis and TNF-inhibitors: history of exposure should outweigh investigations.

Primary gallbladder lymphoma presenting as a polyp.

Plate-like osteoma cutis: nothing but skin and bone?

Rapidly involuting congenital haemangioma in a term neonate.

Infective endocarditis caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus and colon cancer.

Coronary arteriovenous fistula with coexisting atrial septal defect.

Recovery of pituitary function following treatment of an unruptured giant cavernous carotid aneurysm using Surpass flow-diverting stents.

Meconium peritonitis: an interesting entity.

Congenital ductus arteriosus aneurysm: an unusual cause of transient neonatal hypertension.

Transverse colon cancer presenting as acute abdominal wall abscess.

Priapism in a patient with sickle cell trait using marijuana.

Paraesophageal hiatus hernia in an 8-month-old infant with organoaxial volvulus of the stomach.

Conservative management of bilateral choanal atresia? Bilateral choanal atresia diagnosed in a 5-year-old girl.

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour in a 20-year-old woman.

Isolated suppurative submandibular sialadenitis in a preterm neonate.

Paratesticular fibrous pseudotumour.

Lumbar hernia: a diagnostic dilemma.

Orbital trauma and its impact on the heart.

Breast carcinoma in a prepubertal girl.

Delayed torrential haemorrhage after firearm injury.

Reversal of TTTS after fetoscopic laser photocoagulation for communicating vessels.

Concurrent meningococcal and herpes simplex infection in a non-immunocompromised child.

Symptomatic hepatitis secondary to disseminated coccidioidomycosis in an immunocompetent patient.

Encephalopathy in an infant with infantile spasms: possible role of valproate toxicity.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma presenting as a large neck mass and ocular complications: a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma.

Ventricular tachycardia with regular capture beats.

Mucosal and cutaneous lesions in mandibular zoster.

Two iniencephaly cases born the same day in the same hospital of Cali, Colombia. Iniencephaly cluster?

Dasatinib-induced pulmonary hypertension in chronic myelogenous leukaemia.

Extensive subdural spinal enhancement mimicking leptomeningeal disease in a young child with posterior fossa tumour following lumbar puncture and surgery.

Echinococcus multilocularis infection of the liver presenting as abdominal wall fistula.

Anti-M antibodies as a cause of intrauterine fetal death and neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia

Giant spinal exostosis.

Tuberculosis of the patella imitating chronic knee synovitis.

Xanthoma of the urinary bladder: a rare benign condition which may be mistaken for malignancy.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis presenting as optic neuritis in a case of idiopathic thrombocytopaenic purpura.

Gastric autonomic nerve tumour: a rare gastric tumour.

Gas gangrene presenting with back pain.

A rare differential diagnosis of a groin lump: lymphangioma.

Is that lumbar disc symptomatic? Herniated lumbar disc associated with contralateral radiculopathy.

Mild meningococcaemia, pyrexia protocols and a problematic public health response.

An unusual cause of a fall: an unusual presentation of lung carcinoma.

Impetigo contagiosa: an interesting and a very rare finding in a newborn.

Giant coronaries: coronary ectasia as an isolated cause of exertional angina and positive stress test.

Ocular manifestations in porphyria cutanea tarda.

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis mimicking gallbladder cancer.

Subclinical miliary Mycobacterium bovis following BCG immunotherapy for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

The diagnosis and treatment of a symptomatic mesenteric cyst.

Missing the beat: arrhythmia as a presenting feature of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Niemann-Pick disease type C or Gaucher's disease type 3? A clinical conundrum.

Acute kidney injury in a diabetic haemophiliac: one step at a time.

'Doctor, treat your patient, not your monitor!' Tremor-induced ECG artefacts mimicking torsades de pointes.

An unexpected cause of small bowel obstruction in an adult patient: midgut volvulus.

Contusio cordis, not an innocent diagnosis.

A giant 'sausage' thrombus in the left ventricle in a patient with preserved ventricular function.

Isolated RV myocardial infarction presenting with systemic hypertension minimally responsive to nitroglycerin.

An uncommon but important complication of renal biopsy.

A retroperitoneal enteric duplication cyst communicating with the right upper ureter in an infant.

Development of VVF following double J stent placement.

Rare cause of hip pain in a young girl.

Brodie's abscess of the posterior ilium: a rare cause for low back pain in children.

Bilateral ureteric obstruction: an unusual complication of male-to-female gender reassignment surgery.

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided biopsy to diagnose large posterior mediastinal parathyroid adenoma prior to video-assisted thoracoscopic resection.

Large stone in crossed unfused ectopic kidney with totally intrarenal pelvis.

Amyloidosis in bilateral external auditory canals.

Severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding in extraluminal diverticula in the third part of the duodenum.

Symptomatic anterior subtalar arthrosis after ankle arthrodesis.

A rare presentation of splenic tuberculosis with a pseudocyst.

A rare case of bilateral non-weight bearing posterior aspect of lateral femoral condyle osteochondral fracture and its management.

Metatarsal Brodie's abscess in a Tunisian child.

Anosmia and hypogeusia in Churg-Strauss syndrome.

An unusual encounter of an epidermoid cyst.

Systemic bevacizumab for simultaneous treatment of cancer and choroidal neovascularisation.

A rare case of orthostatic complete atrioventricular block.

Colonic stricture with filiform polyposis in Crohn's disease.

Foley catheter through a colovesical fistula: an unusual method of diagnosis.

Dual left anterior descending artery circulation: a rare anomaly of the coronary arteries.

Severe depression as the sole symptom of affective focal status epilepticus.

Perinatal neuroblastoma: a hidden bullet in the chest.

Migration of intrauterine devices with radiological findings: report on two cases.

Nintendo Wii related Achilles tendon rupture: first reported case and literature review of motion sensing video game injuries.

Mesenchymal phosphaturic tumour: early detection of recurrence.

Whirlpool sign.

A 'picturesque' case of transition from subcutaneous to oral treatment in neonatal diabetes.

Positional convulsant syncope in a pacemaker patient following insulation break of the right ventricular lead.

Primary lymphoma of the gallbladder accompanied by cirrhosis: CT and MRI findings.

Hirschsprung's disease associated with Mowat-Wilson syndrome.

Late onset aneurysm development following radiosurgical obliteration of a cerebellopontine angle meningioma.

Reconstruction of the maxilla using a fibula graft and virtual planning techniques.

Vascular hamartoma of the parotid gland.

Chronic empyema thoracis after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Adductor longus muscle metastasis of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Spontaneous external fistula: the rarest presentation of hydatid cyst.

Management of incidental esophageal uptake on FDG PET/CT.

Aorto-oesophageal fistula treated with emergent thoracic endovascular repair.

Cardiac arrest due to baclofen withdrawal syndrome.

An incidental talonavicular coalition in a diabetic patient: a podiatric perspective.

Chylothorax due to enlarged tuberculous lymph nodes.

An extraordinary form of the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome successfully treated with the tumour necrosis factor- blocker adalimumab.

Successful management of pelvic bleeding after caesarean hysterectomy by means of Foley catheter-condom balloon tamponade.

Transanal protrusion of ventriculoperitoneal shunt reflecting asymptomatic perforation of the large bowel.

A case of mesenteric panniculitis requiring an operation.

Mitral valve prolapse and electrolyte abnormality: a dangerous combination for ventricular arrhythmias.

Beevor's sign in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.

Dramatic recovery of chronic non-healing ulcer secondary to recurrent unprovoked DVT by venous stenting.

An incidental finding of a calcified right-atrial mass in a young patient treated with chemotherapy 20 years ago.

Congenital hypothyroidism presenting as pseudo-obstruction in preterm infants.

Livedo reticularis heralding hypercalcaemia of malignancy.

Severe flaccid paraparesis following spinal anaesthesia: a sine materia occurrence.

Milwaukee shoulder (and knee) syndrome.

Three-dimensional spectral domain optical coherence tomography in chronic exposure to welding arc.

Infant case of lysosomal acid lipase deficiency: Wolman's disease.

Antenatal mild hydronephrosis with subsequent polyp of the upper ureter in a child presenting with recurrent Dietl's crisis.

Atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation as a cause of torticollis in a 5-year-old girl.

Appendicular diverticula in an infant: a bolt from the blue.

Pentology of Fallot's presenting with complete heart block.

Traction apophysitis of the fifth metatarsal base in a child: Iselin's disease.

Orthodontic and surgical perspectives in management of a severe skeletal open bite.

Abdominal pain as initial presentation of lung cancer.

External ophthalmoplegia with orbital myositis in an adult patient after chickenpox infection.

A rare urinary bladder tumour.

Trismus and diffuse polymyalgia: an unusual presentation of recurrent metastatic ovarian cancer.

Acute renal failure induced by markedly decreased appetite secondary to a depressive episode after discontinuation of long-term lithium therapy in an elderly patient with bipolar disorder.

A mistaken case of tension pneumothorax.

Congenital perineal lipoma: an unusual presentation.

Optical coherence tomography of the intracranial vasculature and Wingspan stent in a patient.

Thorn-induced pseudotumour of the fibula.

Trilogy of foregut, midgut and hindgut atresias presenting in reverse order.

The reversal sign.

Dermoid cyst of the glans penis in a toddler.

Tetralogy of fallots with quadrivalvular stenosis: a rare coexistence.

Cauliflower-like deformation of pulmonary valve in a case of infective endocarditis by a rare organism: Gemella morbillorum.

Burns from acetylene gas: more than skin deep.

Atypical presentation of thoracic spondylodiscitis caused by Streptococcus mitis.

Adenocarcinoma of the duodenojejunal flexure presenting as a stricturous lesion.

Acute renal failure associated with albendazole therapy in a patient with trichinosis.

Airway obstruction in congenital central hypoventilation syndrome.

Recurrent hypoglycaemia: a delayed presentation of Sheehan syndrome.

Secondary pure erythroid leukaemia in relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: lineage switch or chemotherapy effect?

Newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes complicated by ketoacidosis and peripheral thrombosis leading to transfemoral amputation.

A malignant eccrine spiradenoma of the scalp.

Hand, foot and scrotal blisters in a patient with cancer receiving oral chemotherapy.

Calvarial and cutaneous metastasis as the primary presentation of a renal cell carcinoma.

Endometrial adenocarcinoma in one horn of a didelphic uterus with vaginal duplication.

Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) in a patient with Crohn's disease and exposure to infliximab: a rare clinical presentation and review of the literature.

Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis due to Campylobacter rectus infection.

A complication to be aware of: hyperkalaemia following propranolol therapy for an infant with intestinal haemangiomatozis.

A rare presentation of a huge mature mediastinal teratoma with right lung cavitation.

Myoparasitism mimicking parotid swelling: a rare presentation of cysticercosis.

Cat eye syndrome.

Gemella morbillorum endocarditis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a rare organism causing a large vegetation and abscess in an uncommon setting.

Tranexamic acid-induced ligneous conjunctivitis with renal failure showed reversible hypoplasminogenaemia.

A usual cause of tumoural mass of the index finger.

Developmental hip dysplasia in a 104-year-old patient.

Spinal angiolipoma manifesting with apoplexy.

Reel syndrome: a rare cause of pacemaker malfunction.

Young athletes, beware.

A painful soft tissue mass secondary to impingement of a metal on polyethylene bearing total hip arthroplasty.

Giant gluteal lipoblastoma associated with hepatic haemangioma and bilateral nephromegaly.

Dysfunctional bladder catheter: catheter balloon inflated in a small bladder diverticulum.

The dangers of living in a tent in London.

Splenic artery pseudoaneurysm due to acute pancreatitis in a 6-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia treated with L-aspariginase.

Pregnancy presenting as hyperthyroidism with negative urine pregnancy test.

Amoeboma: resurfacing of a vanishing illness.

Giant recurrent intrathoracic goitre treated by clamshell thoracotomy and reverse sternotomy.

Spontaneous fracture of diaphyseal stem of S-ROM femoral prosthesis.

Mistaken identity: endometrial or rectal cancer?

Two siblings with Paget's disease of bone.

Successful use of stellate ganglion block and a new centrally acting analgesic with dual mode of action in a resistant temporomandibular joint pain.

Hodgkin's lymphoma rectosigmoid in a patient with ulcerative colitis on long-term azathioprine therapy.

Bone resorption in parathyroid carcinoma.

Clozapine induced tubulointerstitial nephritis in a patient with paranoid schizophrenia.

Paediatric giant cervicomediastinal thymolipoma.

Hoarseness of voice as the herald of granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

A simple technique for intubating the mouth during OGD in patients with previous neck radiation.

Hypoglycaemia in a 94-year-old man without diabetes.

Two cases of acute myelitis with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome.

Cerebral fat embolism syndrome following revision of right total hip arthroplasty.

Autoamputation of the fifth digit: ainhum (dactylolysis spontanea).

Endometrioma contained within the broad ligament.

Hot and cold: coexistent Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis in a patient with Schmidt's syndrome.

Against all odds. Conservative management of Boerhaave's syndrome.

The development of pulmonary aspergillosis and pneumothorax in a patient with neutropenic systemic lupus erythematosus and successful treatment of the first case.

Improving patient outcomes in hereditary angioedema: reducing attack frequency using routine prevention with C1 inhibitor concentrate

Post occlusive left atrial appendage thrombosis with extension into the left atrium.

Recurrent cardiac tamponade: an initial presentation of lung adenocarcinoma.

Surgical management of pheochromocytoma in a 13-week pregnant woman.

Persistent left superior vena cava in association with sinus venosus defect type of atrial septal defect and partial pulmonary venous return on 64-MDCT.

Acute Marchiafava-Bignami disease: clinical and serial MRI correlation.

One lump or two? Concomitant Leydig cell tumour and paratesticular leiomyoma in an adult man.

Sympathetic ophthalmitis with predominant posterior segment involvement.

Salt-losing nephropathy in hypothyroidism.

Managing advanced unilateral pseudoexfoliative glaucoma.

Suspected hydatid cyst of liver harbouring an aggressive desmoplastic small round cell tumour.

False-positive tuberculous meningitis due to laboratory contamination: importance of a holistic clinical evaluation.

Beware the person with the glass eye and the large liver.

Face the truth: a 76-year-old man with chronic heart failure of unknown origin.

Huge right atrial thrombus after discontinuation of anticoagulant therapy in atrial fibrillation.

Giant ameloblastoma mortality; a consequence of ignorance, poverty and fear.

An adult with a sinus venosus atrial septal defect and dilated cardiomyopathy.

Posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome as a presenting manifestation of p-ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Subclavian vein thrombosis in an otherwise healthy 9-year-old boy.

Acromioclavicular joint dislocation with associated brachial plexus injury.

The importance of timely detection and management in neonatal appendicitis.

Prolapsed giant sigmoid lipoma: a rare cause of adult ischaemic intussusception.

Bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation: a management dilemma.

Sepsis-related hypertensive response: friend or foe?

Resolving back pain: a case of untreated discitis.

A weeping umbilical hernia: bilateral ovarian mucinous cystadenoma with disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis.

Ulcerative colitis-induced myocarditis.

Intravesical foreign body: clinical features and diagnostic clues.

Paraspinal extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma: a rare clinical entity.

An adult patient with common B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia who presented with pancreatic involvement, description of the second adult case and review of paediatric cases.

Autoimmune pulmonary proteinosis in a Chilean teenager, a rare aetiology of interstitial lung disease.

Psychiatric manifestations of primary Sjögren's syndrome: a case report and literature review.

New aetiology of patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Deep vein thrombosis and tuberculosis: a causative link?

Late presentation of a subiliacus haematoma after an apophyseal injury of the anterior inferior iliac spine.

When a drug does more than it needs: angio-oedema, an important adverse effect.

An elusive cause of hypoxaemia in a paediatric patient.

A rare presentation of an ancient disease: scurvy presenting as orthostatic hypotension.

Back pain, leg swelling and a cardiac arrest: an interesting case of endocarditis.

An unusual mechanism of foreign body aspiration: a vignette from the emergency department.

Nasal CPAP and preterm bradycardia: cause or cure.

A huge oral pyogenic granuloma with extensive alveolar bone loss and 'sun-ray' appearance mimicking a malignant tumour.

Odontogenic myxoma in a 52-year-old woman.

The utility of online haemodiafiltration in methotrexate poisoning.

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a patient presenting with idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome.

Brachial artery pseudoaneurysm.

Silent sinus syndrome as a recognised cause of unilateral painless enophthalmos.

A rare cause of dilated bile duct incidentally detected on imaging.

Panhypopituitarism secondary to a solitary hypothalamic metastasis.

Osteoid osteoma as a cause of anterior ankle pain in a runner.

An unusual presentation of bilateral Hutch diverticula.

Severe mitral regurgitation due to anterior mitral leaflet perforation after surgical treatment of discrete subaortic stenosis.

Paediatric ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection caused by Actinomyces neuii.

Simultaneous shoulder and elbow dislocation.

Giant gallstone in the duodenum.

Kienböck's disease: insidious unilateral wrist pain.

Successful non-operative management of spontaneous type II gallbladder perforation in a patient with Alzheimer's disease.

Talipes equinovarus (clubfoot): neglected for 47 years and subsequent treatment.

Gardner's syndrome, a rare combination in surgical practice.

Acute silicosis with bilateral pneumothorax.

Vertebral artery thrombosis: a rare presentation of primary polycythaemia.

Unusual radial nerve injury by a locking compression plate for humerus fracture.

Cholecystocutaneous fistula: an unusual complication of a para-umbilical hernia repair.

Uncontrolled asthma and recurring pulmonary opacities: just asthma?

What the mind knows but the eyes may still miss: reducing the 'Acromegalic Window'.

Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda with progressive arthropathy associated with subcapsular cataract.

Sudden worsening after subdural haematoma surgery: will there be a corpus callosum injury?

A rare case of racemose neurocysticercosis of the posterior fossa.

Cardiac tamponade in hypothyroidism.

Symmetrical peripheral gangrene due to Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

Single incision laparoscopic surgery for Meckel's diverticulum in an adult.

Gallbladder torsion with acute cholecystitis and gross necrosis.

Safe delivery of two parturient women in severe metabolic acidosis.

Forgotten double J stents with a 'Houdini'-like vanishing act.

Bilateral subhyaloid haemorrhage in a conscious patient: a new spectrum of ocular involvement by Plasmodium falciparum.

Classical windsock deformity of ruptured sinus of Valsalva: an unusual appearance on transthoracic echocardiography.

Uncommon side effect with a commonly used targeted agent: sunitinib-induced nephrotic syndrome in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Calyceal diverticulum: a benign imitator of serious pathology.

Jejunal intussusception: a rare cause of an acute abdomen in adults.

Acrocyanosis in a young adult: a rare presentation of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma.

A case of left main coronary artery embolus further embolising to the left anterior descending artery.

Giant dumbbell-shaped schwannoma but not transforaminal: transdiaphragmatic.

Syringocysadenoma papilliferum of the vulva: a rarity in gynaecology.

Presentation of Mycobacterium abscessus infection following rhytidectomy to a UK plastic surgery unit.

Giant adrenal myelolipoma: when trauma and oncology collide.

Prolonged, but transient, elevation of liver and biliary function tests in a healthy infant affected with breast milk jaundice.

A 5-year-old boy with miliary and osteoarticular tuberculosis.

Focal osteosclerosis of the skull in primary hyperparathyroidism.

Recycling of jejunal effluent to enable enteral nutrition in short bowel syndrome.

Ovarian carcinoid presenting with right heart failure.

Actinomyces infection causing acute right iliac fossa pain.

Lymphomatous orbital infiltration and vision loss in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Phenytoin-induced gingival enlargement.

Diagnosis of coeliac disease after incidental finding of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis.

Successful treatment of ball-shaped very late thrombus after myocardial infarction.

Pontine stroke and bladder dysfunction.

Mistaken identity: normotensive scleroderma renal crisis.

Bilateral sclerosing orbital pseudotumour in an adult.

Streptococcus viridians bacteraemia and colonic adenocarcinoma.

Cytological diagnosis of chondroblastoma: diagnostic challenge for the cytopathologist.

An unusual presentation of endometriosis.

Not your average birth: considering the possibility of denied or concealed pregnancy.

Preterm delivery and neonatal meningitis due to transplacental acquisition of non-typhoidal Salmonella serovar montevideo.

Otoscope fogging: examination finding for perforated tympanic membrane.

A young pregnant woman with spontaneous carotid artery dissection--unknown mechanisms.

A twist in the tale: epiploic appendagitis mimicking acute appendicitis.

Systemic thrombolysis: cure for prosthetic mitral valve thrombosis in the comorbid, non-surgical candidate.

Drug-induced thrombocytopenia secondary to natalizumab treatment.

Ureteric access sheath aided insertion of resonance metal ureteric stent.

Incidental finding of papillary thyroid carcinoma with BRAFV600E mutation in a patient with coexistent primary hyperparathyroidism and Graves' hyperthyroidism.

Recruitment of renal transplant patients into patrolling police roles using orthotic shields.

Sleeping with the fishes: electromagnetic interference causing an inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shock.

A surprising cause of reversible dilated cardiomyopathy.

Pleuropericardial effusion: an unusual presentation of polymyalgia rheumatica.

Acute necrotising pancreatitis: a late and fatal complication of pancreaticoduodenal arterial embolisation.

Urolithiasis in primary obstructive megaureter: a management dilemma.

Treatment of myelitis in Behçet's disease with rituximab.

Unusual presentation of a scrotal tumour.

Migration of a strand of four seeds in low-dose-rate brachytherapy.

Biventricular thrombosis in a structurally normal heart at high altitude.

Survival after an amniotic fluid embolism following the use of sodium bicarbonate.

Extreme coronary artery tortuosity in association with tortuosity of the systemic arteries: a rare and challenging situation for the interventionist.

A non-fatal intoxication with a high-dose sodium nitrate.

LBBB masking the ECG changes of inferior wall infarction: a caution to be vigilant.

Endoscopic (video) demonstration of hookworm infestation of the stomach.

Biochemical markers of neurodegeneration in hereditary diffuse leucoencephalopathy with spheroids

Rapidly progressive aortic aneurysmal dilation in a child with systemic lupus erythematosus: too early too severe.

Large air-fluid level in the perinephric space without obstruction.

Intraneural ganglion cyst on the external popliteal nerve.

Intravenous iron administration together with parenteral nutrition to very preterm Jehovah's Witness twins.

Glove and PICO: a novel technique for treatment of chronic wound due to osteomyelitis of the hand.

Pituitary apoplexy in a patient with suspected metastatic bronchogenic carcinoma.

The importance of 'His' story.

Dural arteriovenous fistula presenting with progressive dementia and parkinsonism.

Complete rupture of the pancreas after a kick into the abdomen during a football match.

Misinterpreting risk and test results delays diagnosis in a patient with pulmonary embolism.

Hunting mimics and chameleons: diagnostic difficulties in atypical acute ischaemic stroke.

Prosthetic rehabilitation of palatal perforation in a patient with 'syphilis: the great imitator'.

A rare manifestation of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopaenia.

Limbic encephalitis.

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome: a clinicoradiological amalgam.

Averting a crisis by 'add'ing up the clues.

Unilateral Warthin's tumour in a patient of Afro-Caribbean descent.

Thrombocytopaenia with absent radius (not radii).

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonitis complicating ruxolitinib therapy.

A delayed diagnosis of Mounier-Kuhn syndrome.

Treatment of choroidal neovascularisation secondary to membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type II with intravitreal ranibizumab.

Vascular ring diagnosis following respiratory arrest.

'A stroke of luck': a case report of a right-sided cerebellar cerebrovascular accident in a young man.

Acute ischaemic colitis associated with oral phenylephrine decongestant use.

Lesser trochanter fracture: the presenting feature of a more sinister pathology.

Doomed tongue twisters.

Acute spontaneous atraumatic bilateral anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint with Hill-Sachs lesions: first reported case and review of literature.

Refractory nausea and vomiting in the setting of well-controlled idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Surgery and radiation therapy for brain metastases from classic biphasic pulmonary blastoma.

Acute onset of bilateral visual loss during sildenafil therapy in a young infant with congenital heart disease.

An incidental finding of a nodal recurrence of cutaneous malignant melanoma after a 45-year disease-free period.

Shunting to relieve the pressures of graduate school literally.

Breathless after bypass.

Acute focal bacterial nephritis.

Severe lactic acidosis and multiorgan failure due to thiamine deficiency during total parenteral nutrition.

The first report of a Chinese family with McLeod syndrome.

Eating seeds from the 'be still' tree, yet having lucky nut poisoning: a case of acute yellow oleander poisoning.

Miracle baby: managing extremely preterm birth in rural Uganda.

Primary uterine osteosarcoma presenting synchronously with bilateral breast carcinomas.

Chiari type 1 malformation in a pseudotumour cerebri patient: is it an acquired or congenital Chiari malformation?

Cognitive behavioural therapy for depression in multiple endocrine neoplasia type IIB: a 1-year follow-up.

Spontaneous haemorrhage in a healthy newborn.

Adult-onset Still's disease presenting as myopericarditis.

Acute psychosis with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional-defiant disorder comorbidities.

Cluster-like headache responsive to phlebotomy.

Metastatic human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2/neu) amplified breast cancer with acute fulminant hepatitis responding to trastuzumab, pertuzumab and carboplatin.

An important case of misdiagnosis: keloid scar or high-grade soft-tissue sarcoma?

Self-mutilation of teeth due to peer pressure: an aspect of child psychology.

Abdominal wall disruption with evisceration after blunt trauma.

Acute hepatitis E complicated by acute pancreatitis and multiorgan dysfunction.

Autism: a rare presentation of Bardet-Biedl syndrome.

Cutis marmorata marbling in an individual with decompression illness following repetitive SCUBA diving.

Acute peripheral polyneuropathy with multiorgan failure: a diagnostic dilemma.

Evaluation of mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) by diffusion-weighted and diffusion tensor imaging.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease and acute appendicitis.

Haemolytic anaemia--PNH type II cells presenting a diagnostic dilemma.

Fishbone perforation of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with acute abdominal pain: diagnosis using plain film radiography.

Unreported neurological complications of Gemella bergeriae infective endocarditis.

Opioid-induced hyperalgesia: when pain killers make pain worse.

Verrucous haemangioma: a diagnosis to consider.

Management of pregnancy in woman with suspected malignant deep infiltrating endometriosis fistulised to the uterine cervix.

Multidermatomal herpes zoster.

Isolated renal zygomycosis in an immunocompetent patient.

Urachal cancer with direct caecal invasion: differential diagnosis from primary colon cancer.

Older men with unexplained hepatitis.

Myristicin and phenytoin toxicity in an infant.

Drug-associated aquagenic wrinkling of the palms in an atopic male patient.

A midline for oxaliplatin infusion: the myth of safety devices.

Mediastinitis by Actinomyces meyeri after oesophageal stent placement.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome resulting from repeat bortezomib usage.

Horner's syndrome secondary to intervertebral disc herniation at the level of T1-2.

Presence of voltage-gated potassium channel complex antibody in a case of genetic prion disease.

Direct access to the middle meningeal artery for embolization of complex dural arteriovenous fistula: a hybrid treatment approach.

Unexplained extensive calcification of the venae cavae extending into the right atrium causing partial obstruction of the tricuspid valve.

Resection of pancreatic head neoplasm in a patient with previous coronary bypass grafting using right gastroepiploic artery.

Obstructive sleep apnoea and arthrogryposis.

Progressive intracranial hypertension and cerebral hypoperfusion in a fatal case of cerebral aspergilloma.

'Primary extrarenal Wilms' tumour': rare presentation of a common paediatric tumour.

Atrioventricular block related to liposomal amphotericin B.

An unusual presentation of a traumatic posterior hip dislocation.

Chronological hypoplasia: aesthetic management.

A differential to consider in a case of non-healing skin lesion.

Squamous cell carcinoma of external auditory canal lacking epidermal growth factor receptor protein overexpression, in an elderly Omani with oculocutaneous albinism treated with palliative radiotherapy.

A case of unilateral phthiriasis palpebrarum infestation involving the left eye.

Hot tonsillectomy for paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea.

Pelvic arteriovenous malformation treated by transarterial glue embolisation combining proximal balloon occlusion and devascularisation of multiple feeding arteries.

Acute hepatitis C infection in a renal transplant recipient: primacy of the liver or kidney?

Implant rehabilitation in bruxism patient.

Hepatic PEComa: a potential pitfall in the evaluation of hepatic neoplasms.

Metastasising pleomorphic salivary gland adenoma presenting as synchronous pulmonary and hepatic metastases.

An unusual unilateral benign congenital anomaly of the pupil.

Management of a mixed overdose of calcium channel blockers, ß-blockers and statins.

Cerebellar atrophy in neuroacanthocytosis.

Atypical neuroimaging in Wilson's disease.

Post liver transplant presentation of needle-track metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma following percutaneous liver biopsy.

Supplementary tooth in primary dentition.

Aggressive dentigerous cyst with ectopic central incisor.

Pyogenic hepatic abscess presenting years after a choledochojejunostomy: a rare clinical occurrence.

Thrombosed aneurysm as the initial manifestation of Takayasu arteritis.

Cyclopia syndrome.

Splenic abscess due to acute pyelonephritis.

Acute coronary syndrome

The naughty knot in catheterisation laboratory.

Gregg syndrome aka embryopathia rubeolaris: CT illustration.

Undigested food on awakening with persistent halitosis.

Bone metastases and hypercalcaemia from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

Acute renal failure and type B lactic acidosis as first manifestation of extranodal T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma.

Thoracic vertebral osteomyelitis: an unusual complication of Crohn's disease.

Persistence of hepatitis B surface antigen in blood in a chronic haemodialysis patient following vaccination booster.

Treating enuresis in a patient with ADHD: application of a novel behavioural modification therapy.

Tophaceous calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease of the knee mimicking an aggressive soft tissue tumour.

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic repair of a vesicovaginal fistula: a time-consuming novelty or an effective tool?

Belly button piercings: a saving grace? A patent urachus presenting in a 17-year-old girl.

Unusual panuveitis in a child: toxocariasis associated with ocular myiasis.

Successful treatment of Salmonella aortitis with endovascular aortic repair and antibiotic therapy.

Where's the ulcer? Spontaneous bleeding from Zenker's diverticulum.

Three stripes sign: muscle involvement with internal fibrosis in a patient with sarcoidosis.

Atypical cutaneous leishmaniasis in the immunosuppressed.

Concurrent diffuse alveolar haemorrhage and venous thromboembolism in p-ANCA associated vasculitis treated with rituximab.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Solitary cystic cerebellar metastasis in a patient with invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Exceptional localisation of an ectopic parathyroid adenoma at the level of the hyoid bone.

A rare benign odontogenic neoplasm: peripheral odontogenic fibroma.

Delayed onset panuveitis following intravitreal aflibercept injection.

Bilateral optic neuropathy associated with cryptococcal meningitis in an immunocompetent patient.

Coronary spasm as the cause of myocardial ischaemia in a patient with anomalous origin of the left anterior descending artery from the proximal right coronary artery.

Metastatic spinal abscesses from diabetic foot osteomyelitis.

Intracerebral bleed, right haemiparesis and seizures: an atypical presentation of vivax malaria.

Oesophageal inflammatory paediatric chylothorax.

Acute esotropia, convergence-retraction nystagmus and contraversive ocular tilt reaction from a paramedian thalamomesencephalic infarct.

Penetrating foreign body in the nasal floor through nasolacrimal duct.

Primary tuberculosis of the palate.

Basal cell adenocarcinoma of the parotid gland detected in a patient with breast cancer.

Gastroduodenal artery aneurysm.

Spontaneous bladder perforation unrelated to trauma or surgery.

Delayed presentation of an undiscovered nasopharyngeal foreign body.

Aromatase inhibition in relapsing low malignant potential serous tumours of the ovary.

Aphasia due to isolated infarction of the corpus callosum.

Transrectal impalement of an incense stick in a child presenting as foreign body in the urinary bladder.

Pneumococcal vaccine failure: can it be a primary immunodeficiency?

Warfarin-induced purple toe syndrome successfully treated with apixaban.

Acute oromucosal and palmar desquamation: a severe cutaneous adverse reaction to amphotericin and metronidazole.

An unusual presentation of peripheral ossifying fibroma in an elderly man.

Phytobezoar leading to gastric outlet obstruction in a patient with diabetes.

Peripheral embolisation after an abdominal massage.

Solid blue dot tumour: minor salivary gland acinic cell carcinoma.

Presurgical nasal moulding in a neonate with cleft lip.

Neonatal Marfan syndrome: a successful early multidisciplinary approach

Neurodegenerative disorder masquerading as psychosis in a forensic psychiatry setting.

The child with spontaneous recurrent bleeding in the eye.

Transient acute adrenal insufficiency associated with adenovirus serotype 40 infection.

Peritoneal inclusion cysts in pregnancy, a diagnostic challenge.

Green urine in a postoperative patient.

Pseudointernuclear ophthalmoplegia as a presenting feature of ocular myasthenia gravis.

A surgical presentation for haemophilia A.

Clinical management of advanced schistosomiasis: a case of portal vein thrombosis-induced splenomegaly requiring surgery.

Focal and abnormally persistent paralysis associated with congenital paramyotonia

Radical surgical resection for giant primary mediastinal endodermal sinus tumour with pulmonary metastasis after chemotherapy: can be curative.

A carpenter's hypothenar hammer syndrome.

Bedside cardiac testing in acute cor pulmonale.

Haemorrhage, hyponatraemia and more than just a hack.

Widespread surgical emphysema following trivial injury to the hand.

Pellagra in a patient with primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Rhodococcus equi pneumonia and sepsis in an allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient.

Are we missing anaerobic infective endocarditis in some acute coronary syndromes?

Phantom tumour of the lung in a patient with renal failure misdiagnosed as chest infection.

A rare complication of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis: parathyroid hormone-related peptide-induced hypercalcaemia.

Transient small bowel intussusception in adults: an overlooked feature of coeliac disease.

Chronic dacryocystitis secondary to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Staphylococcus aureus mixed infection.

Epigastric pain it's not always alcohol! An unusual presentation of caecal intussusception.

Sore throat in a young man: guess what .

Simple cough as a cause of subcutaneous emphysema.

EDTA-induced pseudothrombocytopenia in association with bladder cancer.

The curious case of free-floating pelvic cysts.

Hypotension in the high-dependency unit: a conundrum.

A thalassaemia intermedia case with concomitant left atrial thrombus.

Uncommon antenatal presentation of tuberous sclerosis.

Cerebral hypoperfusion secondary to radiation arteritis presenting with recurrent syncope.

Acute three-vessel cervical arterial occlusion due to spontaneous quadruple cervical artery dissection.

Breast augmentation with an unknown substance.

An unusual case of bowel perforation.

Thiersch wiring as a temporary procedure in a haemodynamically unstable patient with an incarcerated rectal procidentia.

Pulmonary infarction in acute pulmonary embolism: reversed halo sign.

Portal venous gas after a caudal block.

Flexor pollicis longus tenosynovitis caused by Mycobacterium marinum infection.

Coexisiting adenoma and granuloma involving the right inferior parathyroid gland with adjacent ectopic thymic tissue.

Neuropathic arthropathy and syringomyelia complicating a case of ankylosing spondylitis with peripheral arthritis.

Serotonin syndrome versus neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a challenging clinical quandary.

Staged off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and radical nephrectomy in a patient with multivessel coronary artery disease and a renal tumour.

Left ventricular non-compaction.

Use of apixaban for an elderly patient with left atrial thrombus.

A hunt for the source of sepsis.

Neurocysticercosis presenting as focal hydrocephalus.

Hypercalcaemia of malignancy: two primaries in the same patient.

Optical coherence tomography in a patient with congenital vitreous cyst.

Subacute bacterial endocarditis and subsequent shunt nephritis from ventriculoatrial shunting 14â years after shunt implantation.

Cerebral atrophy and subdural haemorrhage after cerebellar and cerebral infarcts in an 8-month-old child after having been stung by a scorpion.

An interesting case of cryptogenic stroke in a young man due to left ventricular non-compaction: role of cardiac MRI in the accurate diagnosis.

The value of a chest radiograph for diagnosing a misplaced PICC line in the persistent left-sided superior vena cava.

Clinically relevant interaction between warfarin and scuppernongs, a quercetin containing muscadine grape: continued questions surrounding flavonoid-induced warfarin interactions.

Pilomatrixoma-like testicular tumour without teratomatous elements.

Ruptured intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm in a patient with blunt thoracic trauma: diagnosis and management.

Schnitzler's syndrome: a diagnostic conundrum.

Extreme dilation of pulmonary artery: a literature review.

Spinal cord infarction: a rare cause of paraplegia.

Torsion of an intraperitoneal undescended seminomatous testicular tumour.

Ischiofemoral impingement resulting from a chronic avulsion injury of the hamstrings.

An extended chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids phenotype.

Management of a patient with autism following ingestion of a foreign body.

Stroke as the presenting feature of new onset diabetes in a young man.

Prune belly sequence in a non-identical twin.

Vincristine-induced polyneuropathy in a child with stage I Wilms' tumour presenting with unilateral abducens nerve palsy.

Ciguatera poisoning in the Cook Islands.

Adult colorectal intussusception.

Laparoscopic management of midgut malrotation and tuberculous peritonitis in an adolescent boy.

Oral neurovascular hamartoma: an extraordinary verdict in the oral cavity.

Bilateral anterior lenticonus in a case of Alport syndrome: a clinical and histopathological correlation after successful clear lens extraction.

Isolated unilateral idiopathic transient hypoglossal nerve palsy.

Bilateral adrenal haemorrhage leading to adrenal crisis.

Bilateral ectopic pregnancy following ICSI.

The challenges of antiphospholipid syndrome: experience from diagnosis to self-care.

Worm in vermiform appendix: a surgeon's perspective.

Domperidone-induced dystonia: a rare and troublesome complication.

Two women with recurrent falls: La maladie des genoux bleus alias cryptogenic drop attacks.

Incidental central tear in Descemet membrane endothelial complex during Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty.

Challenging behaviour in a patient with schizophrenia and a 1q21.1 duplication.

Psoriasis induced by thalidomide in a patient with multiple myeloma.

An unusual presentation of thoracoacromial artery pseudoaneurysm following shoulder arthroplasty.

Atypical presentation of perforated peptic ulcer disease in a 12-year-old boy.

Soft tissue injury of the lower extremity complicated by type II necrotising fasciitis highlighting the need for astute clinical practices and proper treatment.

Split hand/foot malformation syndrome (SHFM): rare congenital orthopaedic disorder.

Sniffing out a hidden cause of breathlessness.

Paranasal sinus metastasis of breast cancer.

'Rice-grain' or 'cigar-shaped' calcification: radiological clue and minor criteria for neurocysticercosis.

Unusual and complex vertebrobasilar artery aneurysm.

Endoscopic transmaxillary drainage of an infratemporal fossa abscess.

Acute painful paraplegia in a 49-year-old man with allergic asthma.

Image guided biopsy of the pleura: a useful diagnostic tool even when fluid is minimal.

Cervical-petrous internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm presenting with otorrhagia treated with endovascular techniques.

Dysphagia in a patient with Addison's disease.

Diverticular colitis of the ascending colon preceding the onset of ulcerative colitis.

Oculomotor nerve palsy secondary to aberrant posterior cerebral artery

Septic arthritis of the elbow with Streptococcus pneumoniae in a 9-month-old girl.

Chondrosarcoma of the tibial head during pregnancy: a challenging diagnosis.

Persistent singultus as presenting symptom of syringobulbia.

Acute subarachnoid hemorrhage in posterior condylar canal dural arteriovenous fistula: imaging features with endovascular management.

Rare event of biliary papillomatosis arising in a choledochal cyst.

Aleukaemic leukaemia presenting with pathological fracture.

Cemented total hip arthroplasty with retention of some existing hardware.

Development of chronic heart failure in a young woman with hypertension associated with renal artery stenosis with preserved renal function.

Gingival melanin de-pigmentation for aesthetic correction.

Acute corneal hydrops in a patient with intellectual disability.

Spinal brucellosis: a forgotten cause of chronic back pain.

Posterior spinal artery aneurysm rupture after 'Ecstasy' abuse.

Recurrent pneumonia due to endobronchial foreign body.

A case of disseminated recurrent retroperitoneal plasmacytoma with left obstructive hydronephrosis.

Unusual complication of coumadin toxicity mimicking Crohn's disease.

Classical demonstration of atrial flutter with slow ventricular rate captured on echo: an illustration of an important pathophysiological phenomenon.

Secondary syphilis: a rare cause of nephrotic syndrome.

Rectal pseudodiverticulum.

A rare and potentially fatal cause of popliteal fossa swelling.

Modified Valsalva manoeuvre to treat recurrent supraventricular tachycardia: description of the technique and its successful use in a patient with a previous near fatal complication of DC cardioversion.

The longest duration of retention of a video capsule.

B-acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Neonatal intestinal obstruction secondary to a small bowel duplication cyst.

Decreased calcification of a petroclival meningioma after gamma knife radiosurgery.

Osmotic demyelination syndrome.

Accessory breast tissue mimicking pedunculated lipoma.

A case of toxic epidermal necrolysis caused by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Unusual presentation of PRES in the postnatal period.

A young woman with seizures and psychosis.

Spontaneous lingual and sublingual haematoma: a rare complication of warfarin use.

Hemipelvectomy images of loss caused by war.

Thyroid storm following suicide attempt by hanging.

An unusual case of iatrogenic haemoptysis.

The role of palliative rehabilitation in the preservation of personhood at the end of life.

Tumour bleed manifesting as spontaneous extradural haematoma in posterior fossa.

A 33-year-old Haitian immigrant with 7 months of abdominal pain and progressive distension.

Isolated cc-TGA in an adult presenting for the first time with a complete heart block managed by dual-chamber pacemaker implantation.

Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma: a rare cause of hepatosplenomegaly.

Bilateral transient osteoporosis of the hip in a 20-year-old man.

Paradoxical air embolism and neurological insult during removal of a pulmonary artery catheter introducer.

Anastomotic leak after primary repair of tracheoesophageal fistula: a dreadful condition.

Use of i-gel for caesarean section with kyphoscoliosis.

Ichthyosis with confetti: a rare diagnosis and treatment plan.

Unexpected foreign body in the leg of an 8-month-old child.

Bilateral dermoid ovarian cyst in an adolescent girl.

A bloody painful knee: delayed presentation of haemophilic arthropathy.

Acute hepatitis after starting pinaverium bromide in a patient taking mirtazapine.

Left main stem/LCA arising from right coronary sinus with an interarterial course.

A rare presentation of Hodgkin's lymphoma in a very young child, with involvement of the appendix.

Adenocarcinoma of the pigmented ciliary epithelium.

HIV in India: the Jogini culture.

Intestinal pseudo-obstruction as a presenting symptom of Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Traumatic subchondral fracture of the femoral head in a healed trochanteric fracture.

A rare cause of rash in elderly: diagnostic dilemma.

Successful removal of strangulating metal penile ring using a dental handpiece.

Laryngopyocoele presenting with acute airway obstruction.

Spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome associated with contrast dye iohexol use in mantle cell lymphoma.

The truncation artefact in patients with a high body mass index on myocardial perfusion SPECT.

Frank's sign: a coronary artery disease predictor.

An atypical presentation of an extremely late stent thrombosis after more than 7 years (2634 days) of DES implantation in a patient without obvious risk factors on regular dual antiplatelet therapy.

Angiographic suppression of the artery of Adamkiewicz by venous hypertension resolving after embolization in a case of spinal epidural arteriovenous fistula.

Conservative management of persistent facial cutaneous sinus tract with a dental origin.

Role of psychotherapy in managing a case of generalised aggressive periodontitis.

Lower urinary tract symptoms: thinking beyond the urinary tract.

Ortner's syndrome: a case report and review of the literature.

Confirmed viral meningitis with normal CSF findings.

Andrew's bridge system: an aesthetic and functional option for rehabilitation of compromised maxillary anterior dentition.

Hepatogastric fistula: a rare complication of pyogenic liver abscess.

Successful treatment of calciphylaxis by a multidisciplinary approach.

Mediastinal widening and miliary chest radiograph pattern in a middle aged man: could it be sarcoidosis?

Decidualised fallopian tube endometriotic implant causing spontaneous haemoperitoneum in a twin pregnancy.

Cytomegalovirus pouchitis in a patient with Crohn's disease.

ACE inhibitors: upper respiratory symptoms.

Hantavirus: an infectious cause of acute kidney injury in the UK.

From prednisone to pylori: a case of Helicobacter pylori-induced chronic immune thrombocytopenia.

Delayed diagnosis of Addison's disease: an approach to management.

A very rare cause of chronic foot pain in a child: metatarsal tubercular osteomyelitis.

Spontaneous closure of a dural arteriovenous fistula.

Onyx embolization of an avulsed thalamoperforator following endoscopic colloid cyst and lamina terminalis fenestration

Phenytoin-induced severe gingival overgrowth in a child.

A prophylactic fresh frozen plasma transfusion leads to a possible case of transfusion-related acute lung injury.

Silent diabetes mellitus, periodontitis and a new case of thalamic abscess.

Spontaneous regression of a biopsy confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma.

Recurrent hypoglycaemia in a patient with type 1 diabetes.

Easily missed, potentially fatal complication in an extremely preterm infant.

Malposition of pacing lead into the left ventricle: a rare complication of pacemaker insertion.

Treatment of complex infantile haemangioma in a resource-poor setting.

Consecutive transcatheter valve-in-valve implantations: the first in the aortic position, the second in the mitral position, in a patient with failing aortic and mitral bioprostheses.

Crescent-shaped extensive pericardial calcification.

Collagenous enterocolitis and maturity onset type 1 diabetes manifesting as uraemia, malabsorption and extreme weight loss.

Immunohistochemical analysis of a ruptured basilar top aneurysm autopsied 22â years after embolization with Guglielmi detachable coils.

Effective ultra-low doses of erlotinib in patients with EGFR sensitising mutation.

Balloon angioplasty with secondary stenting for chronically occluded abdominal aorta in a high-risk patient.

Acetic acid iontophoresis for the treatment of insertional Achilles tendonitis.

Papillary cystadenoma of anterior one-third of the tongue.

Reversed halo sign in active pulmonary tuberculosis.

Frontotemporal dementia: neuroanatomical correlates of an atypical presentation.

Paediatric caecal volvulus with perforation and faecal peritonitis.

Acute parvovirus B19 infection in identical twins unmasking previously unidentified hereditary spherocytosis.

A rare Lisfranc-type injury involving dorsal dislocation of the intermediate cuneiform.

Transvenous approach for the treatment of direct carotid cavernous fistula following Pipeline embolization of cavernous carotid aneurysm: a report of two cases and review of the literature.

Vocal cord palsy anatomical changes and a foreign body mimicking malignancy.

Intravitreal ranibizumab for bilateral choroidal neovascularisation in a patient with angioid streaks.

Rare combination of paramolar and distomolar supernumerary teeth in a 15-year-old male adolescent.

Patella dislocation following distal femoral replacement after bone tumour resection.

Dengue shock syndrome in an infant

Alternatives for restoration of a hemisected mandibular molar.

Solitary bone cyst of the mandible: a case report and brief review of literature.

'Split posterior tooth': conservative clinical re-attachment.

De Garengeot's hernia: our experience of three cases and literature review.

Bickerstaff's encephalitis.

Cerebral venous thrombosis presenting with subdural haematoma as first presentation for systemic lupus erythematosus with negative antiphospholipid antibodies.

Proximal humerus head-splitting fracture associated with single-part anterior dislocation.

Tumour response following high-dose intratumoural application of Viscum album on a patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Surgical and orthodontic management of a horizontally impacted permanent mandibular canine: timing is vital.

Mandibular first molar with six root canals: a rare entity.

Chronic tubal ectopic pregnancy: a rare but challenging diagnosis.

Magnamosis: a novel technique for the management of rectal atresia.

'Saddle nose' deformity caused by advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal septum.

Columella pressure necrosis: a method of surgical reconstruction and its long-term outcome.

An unusual cause of altered mental status: the importance of monitoring a patient's blood pressure.

Three-dimensional precise orientation of bilateral auricular trial prosthesis using a facebow for a young adult with Crouzon syndrome.

A case of sigmoid colon duplication in an adult woman.

Endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Citrobacter koseri originating from a renal abscess.

Community-acquired multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infective endocarditis.

Spermatic cord abscess: a rare complication of epididymo-orchitis, the diagnosis and management.

Acquired von Willebrand's disease associated with epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid salivary gland.

Gangliocytic paraganglioma, a rare ampullary tumour treated with open transduodenal resection and sphincteroplasty.

Massive splenomegaly in rural Malawi: new wine, old wineskins and the importance of collaboration.

Subdural haemorrhage and severe coagulopathy resulting in transtentorial uncal herniation in a neonate undergoing therapeutic hypothermia.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis presenting as Hoffman's syndrome, rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury.

Myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular thrombus and fatal thromboembolism following abrupt cessation of dabigatran.

Accessory diaphragm associated with non-immune hydrops fetalis.

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy with multiple sclerosis: is there a dual role for valproate?

Closing the cleft over a throbbing heart: neonatal sternal cleft.

Vitamin D-deficient osteomalacia due to excessive self-restrictions for atopic dermatitis.

Uncommon presentation of a common disease.

Successful endoscopic treatment of an intestinal diospyrobezoar migrated from the stomach.

Lower back pain in a patient on long-term haemodialysis.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the sphenoid sinus mimicking fibrous dysplasia in CT and MRI.

Multidetector CT angiography influences the choice of treatment for blunt carotid artery injury.

A rare case of acute hepatitis induced by use of Babchi seeds as an Ayurvedic remedy for vitiligo.

Atypical presentation of chronic granulomatous disease with Burkholderia cepacia.

A surprising cause of acute right upper quadrant pain.

Intranasal tooth: ectopic eruption 1 year after maxillofacial trauma.

Plasmablastic multiple myeloma following clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Fracture of mandible during yawning in a patient with osteogenesis imperfecta.

Extensive maxillofacial plasmablastic lymphoma in an immunocompetent patient.

Unicystic ameloblastoma with mural proliferation: conservative or surgical approach?

An unusual and inexplicable ECG pattern in an ostial LAD occlusion.

Short bowel syndrome and clopidogrel non-responsiveness: a new indication for platelet aggregometry?

Asymptomatic coronary artery spasm with acute pathological ST elevation on routine ECG: is it common?

Completely calcified non-functioning kidney: a classical image of putty kidney.

Beneficial effects of growth hormone therapy for ossification defects after bone distraction in X linked hypophosphataemic rickets.

Severe agitation in depression precipitated by dasatinib.

Methaemoglobinaemia in a G6PD-deficient child treated with rasburicase.

Bilateral extraocular muscle (EOM) metastases from adenocarcinoma of the gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ).

Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon in a neonatal kaposiform haemangioendothelioma.

Total internal and external ophthalmoplegia as presenting symptoms of Miller Fisher syndrome.

Chronic cutaneous chest wall fistula and gallstone empyema due to retained gallstones.

A rapidly growing lid lump.

Septic sacroiliitis revealing an infectious endocarditis.

West-African trypanosomiasis in a returned traveller from Ghana: an unusual cause of progressive neurological decline.

Isolated III cranial nerve palsies may point to primary histiocytic sarcoma.

Oral manifestation of plantar-palmar fibromatosis.

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumour of the bladder.

NK/T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis treated with matched unrelated donor allogeneic stem cell transplant.

Activity of T-DM1 in HER-2 positive central nervous system breast cancer metastases.

External manifestations of Gardner's syndrome as the presenting clinical entity.

Periorbital purpura (raccoon's eyes).

Gingival squamous cell carcinoma presenting as periodontal lesion in the mandibular posterior region.

Psychosis with Huntington's disease: role of antipsychotic medications.

Disseminated histoplasmosis in an HIV patient with CD4 count of 1 cell/µL.

The disappearing clip: an unusual complication in MRI biopsy.

Parathyroid carcinoma, a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism.

Fatal measles presenting as acute respiratory distress syndrome in an immunocompetent adult.

An unusual cause of haemoptysis: isolated tracheobronchial amyloidosis.

Eyelid reanimation, neurotisation, and transplantation of the cornea in a patient with facial palsy.

Transient cefuroxime/metronidazole treatment induced factor V antibodies.

Post-traumatic iridodialysis, crystalline dislocation and vitreous haemorrhage: how to manage.

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with coccidiomycosis.

Giant suprasellar arachnoid cyst presenting with precocious puberty.

Obstructed ileostomy in the third trimester of pregnancy due to compression from the gravid uterus: diagnosis and management.

Urinoma formation following laparoscopic oophorectomy.

A giant myxoma arising from the free wall of the right atria.

Mislaid dentures: a cause for unusual presentation of bilateral vocal cord palsy.

Retinal vasculitis: a novel paradoxical effect of anti-TNF ?

Sigmoid volvulus in an adolescent girl: staged management with emergency colonoscopic reduction and decompression followed by elective sigmoid colectomy.

Isolated oedema of the uvula induced by intense snoring and ACE inhibitor.

Paratesticular sarcomas: two cases with different evolutions.

Intravascular lymphoma: an unusual cause of rapid cognitive decline and the role of brain biopsy.

Ewing's sarcoma of the hand.

Rare delayed complication of laparoscopic sacrocervicopexy with synthetic mesh.

Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) presenting with an unusually prolonged period of marked polyuria heralded by an abrupt oliguric phase.

Recurrent spontaneous compartment syndrome of the thigh.

Midface fracture in an unoperated adult patient with cleft palate.

Bronchial dentures as a cause of airway actinomycosis.

Pancreatic panniculitis.

A 27-year-old woman presenting with refractory hypoxaemic respiratory failure, haemoptysis and thyrotoxicosis: a rare manifestation of propylthiouracil therapy.

Hyperinfection strongyloidiasis in renal transplant recipients.

Marsupialisation: a treatment modality of a dentigerous cyst.

Usefulness of multidetector CT angiography for anomalous origin of coronary artery.

Mechanical ventilation-induced 'pneumoangiogram' of cerebral vessels in a trauma patient.

Rectal ulcers induced by systemic lupus erythematosus.

Fulminant pneumococcal infection.

Chest pain in a patient with a tall R wave in V1.

More than just a 'runny nose': a rare diagnosis of spontaneous CSF rhinorrhoea for a common symptom.

Granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) presenting as colo-colic intussusception in a 16-year-old boy: an unusual presentation.

Spontaneous resolution of idiopathic lumbar subdural hygroma on CT myelography and lumbar spine MRI.

Single-rooted primary first mandibular molar.

Did you hear the one about the policeman, the doctor and the pharmacist at 30000 feet?

Atypical neurological manifestations of malaria.

Ischaemia due to a vascular malformation causing focal myositis.

Interstitial pregnancy rupture at 15â weeks of pregnancy.

An uncommon case of hepatopulmonary amoebiasis.

Fatal cardiac involvement complicating antisynthetase syndrome.

Pulmonary leucostasis syndrome presented by unilateral pulmonary infiltrates.

A rare case of coexisting left pulmonary hypoplasia and right tracheal bronchus.

Severe low back pain as the initial symptom of venous thrombosis of the inferior vena cava.

Neurogenic tumour of the orbit in a patient with idiopathic chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.

Bilateral talus fracture dislocation: is avascular necrosis inevitable?

Refractory focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in the adult: complete and sustained remissions of two episodes of nephrotic syndrome after a single dose of rituximab.

Keratoconus and granular dystrophy.

Landmines in the Golan Heights: a patient's perspective.

The bladder or not the bladder that is the question!

Bilateral Supplementary permanent maxillary lateral incisors in a non-syndromic patient.

More than meets the eye: the 'pink salmon patch'.

Unilateral choroidal granulomas complicated by choroidal neovascular membrane treated successfully with intravitreal triamcinolone in a patient with sarcoidosis.

Ureteral metastasis from prostate cancer.

Mesenteric cystic lymphangioma mimicking malignancy.

Moyamoya syndrome in sickle cell anaemia: a cause of recurrent stroke.

Reproducible complete remission of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with sorafenib in combination with clopidogrel.

Mandibular swelling in a 5-year-old child--mandibular myofibroma.

Primary cutaneous aspergillosis in a preterm neonate.

Paediatric selective IgM deficiency and IgG4 deficiency: an extremely unusual association.

Disease recurrence following cetuximab completion and declining a gastrectomy: what next to manage Ménétriers disease?

Chronic cough: a herald symptom of thoracic aortic aneurysm in a patient with a bicuspid aortic valve.

Primary CNS lymphoma in a patient treated with azathioprine.

Bilateral pneumothoraces in a patient with laryngeal carcinoma following tracheostomy for stridor.

An unlikely cause of severe malnutrition in a 3-year-old girl with previous gastroschisis.

Stigma and mental health challenges in medical students.

Bilateral pneumothorax complicated by extraperitoneal air.

Mesenteric vein thrombosis; not going with the flow.

Recurrent lip swelling: a diagnostic challenge.

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic management of a caliceal diverticular calculus.

Overlooked radiographic finding results in delayed diagnosis of a retained oesophageal foreign body.

Comparison of obturator prosthesis fabricated using different techniques and its effect on the management of a hemipalatomaxillectomy patient.

Therapeutic challenges of pancreatic ascites and the role of endoscopic pancreatic stenting.

Customised component corneal transplantation: a blessing for three patients.

Intraperitoneal insulin therapy for a patient with type 1 diabetes with insulin injection site inflammation.

Bilateral distal tibial stress fractures in a healthy field-hockey goalkeeper.

Use of imiquimod for residual acral melanoma.

Multiple territory watershed infarcts following spinal anaesthesia.

Dissemination of invasive aspergillosis: diagnostic and management dilemmas.

Suspected coexistent osteoporosis and osteomalacia with atraumatic bilateral neck of femur fractures in a 53-year-old man without apparent risk factors.

Sore eyes and psychosis.

Salmonella-related urinary tract infection in an elderly patient.

Spontaneous subdural haemorrhage in a patient with scleroderma renal crisis.

Complete axial torsion of pregnant uterus with leiomyoma.

Progressive supra-aortic stenosis in a young adult with the findings of Singleton Merten Syndrome.

Coeliac artery compression syndrome as a cause of abdominal pain of unknown origin.

Three-dimensional spectral domain optical coherence tomography in vitreomacular traction.

Trichobezoar: a diagnosis which is hard to swallow and harder to digest.

Periurethral and vulval condylomata acuminata: an unusual juvenile venereal disease in a 3-year-old girl.

Combined therapy of insulin-producing cells and haematopoietic stem cells offers better diabetic control than only haematopoietic stem cells' infusion for patients with insulin-dependent diabetes.

Lymphomatosis cerebri mimicking iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Steroid injection for shoulder pain causes prolonged increased glucose level in type 1 diabetics.

Currarino's syndrome in twins presenting as neonatal intestinal obstruction--identical presentation in non-identical twins.

Spontaneous rupture of uterine leiomyoma during labour.

Submucosal lesion of the oesophagus: not everything is what it seems.

Airway obstruction secondary to large thyroid adenolipoma.

Neostigmine and pulmonary oedema.

Unicystic ameloblastoma arising from a residual cyst.

Colistin-mediated neurotoxicity.

Kissing stenting of aorto-ostial lesions in juxtaposed renal arteries.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease: a rare but important differential diagnosis for lymphadenopathy.

Radiological signs of pneumoperitoneum in an extremely low birthweight infant.

Twin pregnancy complicated with bowel strangulation.

Intraspinal hydatidosis with retroperitoneal extension: an uncommon location.

Durable control of locally recurrent renal cell carcinoma using stereotactic body radiotherapy.

Aeration of the abdominal wall for treatment of necrotising fasciitis.

Postinfective skin contracture: a rare cause of fifth metatarsophalangeal joint subluxation.

Twin congenital epulis in the alveolar ridge of the maxilla and mandible in a newborn: a rare and interesting case.

Gingival enlargement induced by dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers in a young child.

Cement encasement of the pericardium: echocardiographic manifestation.

Left atrial papillary fibroelastoma as an unusual cause of myocardial infarction.

Cocaine use and delayed myocardial ischaemia and/or infarction.

Lock and key cast metallic sectional denture: a revised approach for oral rehabilitation of a patient with microstomia.

Pulmonary embolism with haemorrhagic pericardial effusion and tamponade: a clinical dilemma.

A 16-year-old boy with emphysematous gastritis and oesophageal candidiasis.

Risk of statin-induced rhabdomyolysis in patients with hepatic impairment.

Critical airway involvement in relapsing polychondritis.

ASD closure under pressure.

Mounier-Kuhn syndrome: more than just a cough.

Improved step length symmetry and decreased low back pain with the use of a rocking-soled shoe in a patient with unilateral hallux rigidus.

Giant axonal neuropathy: a rare inherited neuropathy with simple clinical clues.

Extragastric Dieulafoy's lesion.

Classical imaging findings of Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome.

Recurrent juvenile parotitis: a rare bilateral presentation.

Reverse 'hot cross bun', 'Mercedes-Benz', 'face of the giant panda and her cub' signs with pontine infarcts: a radiological pandora.

ST-elevation myocardial infarction secondary to coronary artery spasm provoked by food.

Chloroquine cardiomyopathy: beyond ocular adverse effects.

Recruitment of a candidate with haemophilia B as a special constable in the metropolitan police service.

Sudden visual loss: intraocular lens subluxation.

Fluoroquinolone use in a child associated with development of osteochondritis dissecans.

Beyond the superficial: Coccidioides immitis fungaemia in a man with fever, fatigue and skin nodules: a case of an emerging and evolving pathogen.

Anterior capsular defect with acute anterior subcapsular cataract in herpetic keratouveitis.

Latent vitellointestinal duct sinus presenting with massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding in an adolescent.

Super bone scan: bone metastases of prostate cancer.

Internal jugular vein thrombosis complicating disseminated tuberculosis in a 2-year-old child.

Internal jugular vein thrombosis in Behcet's disease: a rare complication.

Abdominal cocoon secondary to disseminated tuberculosis.

Cross-arch arrangement in complete denture prosthesis to manage an edentulous patient with oral submucous fibrosis and abnormal jaw relation.

Hemorrhagic collision metastasis in a cerebral arteriovenous malformation.

Brucella endocarditis in a non-endemic area presenting as pyrexia of unknown origin.

Sparfloxacin-associated corneal epithelial toxicity.

Renal cell carcinoma: an unusual case of sclerotic metastasis.

Healing of a pyoderma gangrenosum at the site of a percutaneous endoscopically sited gastrostomy tube without tube removal.

Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteraemia leading to the diagnosis of multiple myeloma.

How the use of creatine Supplementary can elevate serum creatinine in the absence of underlying kidney pathology.

Syphilis: an unusual manifestation?

Acute acalculous cholecystitis in a patient with juvenile dermatomyositis.

Ocular rosacea: an underdiagnosed cause of relapsing conjunctivitis-blepharitis in the elderly.

Pulmonary embolism by a foreign body that migrated in the inferior vena cava during lumbar spine surgery.

Maxillary first molar with five canals.

Classic image: peripheral blood smear in a case of Plasmodium falciparum cerebral malaria.

A stitch in time: an unusual cause of enterovesical fistula.

HHV-6 encephalitis presenting as status epilepticus in an immunocompetent patient.

Double trouble: a tale of two radio-treatments.

Unusual metastatic spread of bladder cancer.

Varicosity of a single breast: a rare entity.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: the case of a perplexing kidney.

Untangle lip through Z-plasty.

An incidentally detected giant membranous interventricular septal aneurysm secondary to previous surgery for subaortic valvular stenosis.

Radiosensitive orbital metastasis as presentation of occult colonic adenocarcinoma.

Hypopigmentation: mycosis fungoides in disguise.

A mistaken identity: rhabdomyosarcoma of the middle ear cleft misdiagnosed as chronic suppurative otitis media with temporal lobe abscess.

Successful use of blood pleurodesis to resolve an iatrogenic persistent pneumothorax in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Retcam shuttle images of developing retinopathy of prematurity.

Intra-arterial chemotherapy for bilateral retinoblastoma via left ophthalmic artery and right anterior deep temporal artery.

Chronic necrotising pulmonary aspergillosis: an uncommon aetiology of pneumothorax.

Chryseobacterium indologenes pneumonia in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel) in a 34-year-old patient.

Silicone oil pupil block glaucoma in a pseudophakic eye.

Uvulitis following general anaesthesia.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis complicated with bronchopleural fistula.

Extensive idiosyncratic allergic reaction to non-ionic, low osmolar small dose contrast in a patient premedicated with antihistamine and steroids.

Caecum lipoma: a rare cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Parry-Romberg syndrome: uncommon but interesting.

Acute onset and rapid progression of multiple organ failure in a young adult with undiagnosed disseminated colonic adenocarcinoma.

A rare primary immunodeficiency.

Bifidobacterium--friend or foe? A case of urinary tract infection with Bifidobacterium species.

An interesting case of tachyarrhythmia.

Spinal tuberculosis presenting with hip abscesses: a diagnostic challenge.

Musical hallucinations responding to a further increase of carbamazepine.

Tumour seeding as a result of intraperitoneal perforation during transurethral resection of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

The use of endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EBUS-FNA) in the diagnosis of lymphatic cryptococcosis.

Recurrent pulmonary embolus despite adequate anticoagulation: the case for routine cancer screening, prompted by an uncommon cause.

Diagnostic and management dilemma of a pancreas-kidney transplant recipient with aplastic anaemia.

Open reduction and percutaneous fixation of a rare hamstring avulsion fracture.

Lateral ventricle haemangioblastoma: the role of perfusion scanning and embolisation in diagnosis and management.

Vaginal delivery after hemipelvectomy and pelvic radiotherapy for chondrosarcoma.

Ectopic thymic parathyroid adenoma.

Coronary artery dissection in the postpartum period.

A giant intraperineal and extraperineal mass.

An unusual cause of an ankle mass.

A rare case of clostridium septicum mycotic aortic arch aneurysm following open right hemicolectomy for colorectal cancer.

Acquired malposition of the gallbladder.

Hepatic portal venous gas in Crohn's disease.

Significant biventricular obstruction in non-syndromic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Silicosis: progressive massive fibrosis with eggshell calcification.

Focal, transient mechanical narrowing of a pipeline embolization device following treatment of an internal carotid artery aneurysm.

CT diagnosis of an iatrogenic bile duct injury.

AS, DISH or something else?

Underwear fetishism induced by bilaterally decreased cerebral blood flow in the temporo-occipital lobe.

Late-onset methotrexate-induced pneumonitis with neutrophilia in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

Fatal Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome due to serotype C Neisseria meningitidis in a young HIV negative MSM (men who have sex with men).

The 30-year wait for treatment of an acutely painful knee.

Intracardiac metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed by convex-probe EBUS.

Quick recognition of a threatened airway in a patient with a swelling in the neck.

Multiple sclerosis causing a partial sixth nerve palsy.

Drug-induced reverse ocular dipping.

Coronary steal or large collateral? Three cases of graft failure in sequential and composite grafts.

Extrauterine fibroids: a diagnostic challenge and a long-term battle.

A case of ureteric injury postappendectomy presenting as ureterocutaneous fistula.

Lung cancer masquerading as breast cancer with carcinoma en cuirasse.

Steroid-induced scleroderma renal crisis in an at-risk patient.

Dermoid cyst of the auricle: a rare manifestation.

Left atrial cardiac myxoma. Two unusual cases studied by 3D echocardiography.

Cutaneous vasculitis overlap with acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP).

Solitary thoracic osteochondroma presenting as Brown-Séquard syndrome.

Pseudoaneurysm of anomalous cystic artery due to calculous cholecystitis.

Rubeosis iridis in patients with diabetes: not forgetting oculoischaemic syndrome as a differential.

Successful treatment of primary cardiac lymphoma causing ST-elevation myocardial infarction by percutaneous coronary intervention combined with chemotherapy.

Tumour-associated osteomalacia and hypoglycaemia in a patient with prostate cancer: is Klotho involved?

A patient with mosaic neurofibromatosis type 2 presenting with early onset meningioma.

Rounded and velvety epidermal naevus, report of a verrucous form in axillary location.

Intussusception during pregnancy after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Renal actinomycosis.

Gemella morbillorum prosthetic aortic valve endocarditis.

Out in the cold: the hypothermic heart response.

A rare case of acquired aortopulmonary fistula with bicuspid aortic valve: report of successful surgical repair.

Steroid-induced hypocalcaemia with tetany in a patient with hypoparathyroidism.

Imaging features of macrodystrophia lipomatosa: an unusual cause of a brawny arm.

Complex decision-making in stroke: preoperative mechanical thrombectomy of septic embolus for emergency cardiac valve surgery.

Traumatic rupture of sternocleidomastoid muscle following an epileptic seizure.

Tuberculous granuloma: a rare cause of a non-healing ulcer.

Wait and see: a 5â year history of 'recurrent dementia'.

Treatment of asymmetrical vernal keratoconjunctivitis with supratarsal corticosteroid injection.

Summertime and the patient is itchy.

Vertebral osteomyelitis in an immunosuppressed patient with rheumatoid arthritis.

Large intraperitoneal lipoma in pregnancy.

Bilateral adrenal haemorrhagic infarction in a patient with antiphospholipid syndrome.

Enterolithotomy for the treatment of large bowel obstruction secondary to gallstones.

Bilateral carotid and vertebral rete mirabile with vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation: an unreported association.

Gossypiboma as a rare cause of abdominal mass.

An unusual tale of rat-bite fever endocarditis.

Aqueous misdirection in thyroid eye disease.

A 9-year-old boy with severe diphtherial infection and cardiac complications.

Unusual presentation of Sjögren's syndrome.

'STEMI-like' acute pulmonary embolism, an unusual presentation.

Use of intramuscular methadone in managing intravenous drug abuse.

Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia: to treat or not to treat?

Acquired haemophilia A: the importance of early recognition in cases of spontaneous bleeding in the elderly.

Popliteal artery thrombosis following total knee arthroplasty managed successfully with percutaneous intervention.

Dystextia as a presentation of stroke.

Chronic arthritis of the hip joint: an unusual complication of an inadequately treated fistula-in-ano.

Multifocal necrotising fasciitis: a rarer presentation of a rare disease.

Unusual bilateral traumatic maculopathy following whiplash injury.

Peripartum cardiomyopathy in a woman with preeclampsia with twin pregnancy.

Alternating hemidystonia following traumatic brain injury as an unusual presentation of paroxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia syndrome.

Actinomycotic osteomyelitis of the cranial vault presenting with headache: an unusual presentation.

A novel approach to the treatment of a direct carotid-cavernous fistula in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV.

Takayasu's arteritis occurring under TNF- blockers: a new paradoxical effect?

The mystery of recurrent idiopathic cerebrovascular and coronary arterial thrombosis.

Chameleons everywhere.

A case of lung mass: a common association between uncommon diseases.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease presenting after consumption of 'Miracle Mineral Solution' (sodium chlorite).

Small cell lung cancer and progressive retinopathy.

A unique way to treat Goodpasture's disease.

A case of ocular cardiac reflex in a child with blunt ocular trauma.

On-pump coronary artery bypass surgery in vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Antiviral treatment of a boy with EBV-associated hydroa vacciniforme.

Septic pulmonary and systemic embolism in tricuspid endocarditis.

Catamenial psychosis in an adolescent girl.

Neonatal Graves' disease with unusual metabolic association from presentation to resolution.

Paradoxical embolism following intralesional sclerotherapy for cervical venous malformation.

Anal tuberculosis complicating anti-TNF therapy.

Venous sinus thrombosis secondary to tuberculous meningitis: a novel cause of trigeminal neuralgia.

Perilunate dislocation in an asymptomatic SNAC wrist: an uncommon presentation requiring a scaphoidectomy and four corner fusion.

Overdose with antiepileptic drugs: the efficacy of extracorporeal removal techniques.

Sequential bilateral lesser trochanter avulsion fractures in an adolescent patient.

Thrombi in all four cardiac chambers in a patient with an old anteroseptal myocardial infarction and atrial flutter.

Life-threatening haemoperitoneum secondary to rupture of simple ovarian cyst.

Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis caused by tuberculosis infection.

Aortic dissection as a rare complication of percutaneous coronary intervention.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: an unusual but serious complication of dermatomyositis.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy following electroconvulsive therapy: an increasingly recognised phenomenon.

Oral ketamine analgesia in chronic pain and problematic rise in blood pressure.

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm after myocardial infarction detected by cardiac MRI.

Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration associated with serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary.

Management of opioid painkiller dependence in primary care: ongoing recovery with buprenorphine/naloxone.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: an important differential in acute chest pain.

Iatrogenic urethral prolapse following vaginal hysterectomy and anterior repair.

Orgasmic dural tear: an unusual delayed presentation of postural headache following lumbar discectomy.

Vanishing bile duct syndrome in the context of concurrent temozolomide for glioblastoma.

Management of traumatic wound dehiscence of a functional graft 34â years after penetrating keratoplasty.

VZV encephalitis following successful treatment of CMV infection in a patient with kidney transplant.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting as hypothyroid goitre: a unique presentation.

Congenital abnormalities of the urogenital tract: the clue is in the cord?

Anteromedial pneumothorax in a neonate: 'the diagnostic dilemma' and the importance of clinical signs.

Postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis in a 29-year-old woman with ulcerative colitis.

Azathioprine-induced hepatitis and cholestasis occurring 1â year after treatment.

Gallstone ileus obstructing within an incarcerated lumbar hernia: an unusual presentation of a rare diagnosis.

Endometriosis-induced intussusception of the caecal appendix.

Tuberculosis: oral alveolus and pulmonary alveoli coexisting.

Bilateral acute angle closure glaucoma associated with hydrochlorothiazide-induced hyponatraemia.

Uterine lipoleiomyoma.

Coronary artery dissection by an oversized balloon.

Image-guided scapulothoracic arthroscopy for removing firearm projectiles.

A curious case of cholestasis: oral terbinafine associated with cholestatic jaundice and subsequent erythema nodosum.

Occipital calcified pseudoneoplasms of the neuraxis (CAPNON): understanding a rare pathology.

Spontaneous haemoperitoneum due to a sigmoid diverticulum.

Successful treatment of central retinal artery thromboembolism with ocular massage and intravenous acetazolamide.

Role of oral doxycycline and large diameter bandage contact lens in the management of early post-trabeculectomy bleb leak.

Use of transthoracic echocardiography in the evaluation of chest pain: illustrative cases and review of recent guidelines.

A successful spontaneous pregnancy in abetalipoproteinemia: Amsterdam or the art of vitamin replacement?

Novel use of carbon dioxide arteriography in renal artery pseudoaneurysm in patients with poor renal function.

Lens coloboma in one eye and ectopia lentis in the other eye of a patient with Marfan syndrome.

Gastroparesis as the initial presentation of pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

Biochemical and MRI findings of Kallmann's syndrome.

An unusual case of biliary bezoar causing small bowel obstruction in a patient with ampullary diverticulum and stapled gastroplasty.

An unusual presentation of a ruptured degenerative fibroid in a perimenopausal woman.

Lung ultrasound-guided emergency pneumothorax needle aspiration in a very preterm infant.

Endoscopic extraction of proximally migrated biliary stent by intrastent balloon inflation.

Sarcoma botryoides in an infant.

Pancreaticoatmospheric fistula following severe acute necrotising pancreatitis.

A surgically treated pulmonary sclerosing haemangioma that clinically and radiologically mimicked a thrombosed pulmonary artery aneurysm.

Emphysematous cystitis due to recurrent Clostridium difficile infection.

Abiotrophia defectiva endocarditis.

Occult foreign body in the lung mimicking bronchogenic carcinoma.

Failure to identify or effectively manage prescription opioid dependence acted as a gateway to heroin use-buprenorphine/naloxone treatment and recovery in a surgical patient.

Tuberous sclerosis complex with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a rare duo.

Severe drug-induced interstitial lung disease successfully treated with corticosteroid plus recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin.

A rare diabetes ketoacidosis in combined severe hypernatremic hyperosmolarity in a new-onset Asian adolescent with type I diabetes.

Primary pulmonary lymphoma in a patient with advanced AIDS.

Human botfly infestation: the tip of the iceberg.

Coexistence of pulmonary tuberculosis and sarcoidosis: a diagnostic dilemma.

Bilateral otorrhagia: a rare complication of laparoscopic abdominopelvic surgery.

A ghost covered in lice: a case of severe blood loss with long-standing heavy pediculosis capitis infestation.

Pulmonary arteriovascular malformation: a rare cause of unexplained hypoxia and acute dyspnoea in young patients.

Epidural abscess secondary to acute appendicitis.

Treatment of ureterovaginal fistula using a Memokath stent.

Varicella zoster virus encephalomyelitis as a late complication following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Neuroleptics as a cause of painful legs and moving toes syndrome.

Disseminated Mycobacterium chelonae infection causing pacemaker lead endocarditis in an immunocompetent host.

Unprovoked deep venous thrombosis in a young adult associated with membranous obstruction of inferior vena cava.

Late-onset congenital lateral dermal sinus tract.

Life-saving implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy in cardiac AL amyloidosis.

Fatal lymphomatoid granulomatosis with primary CNS-involvement in an immunocompetent 80-year-old woman.

Rectal ulcer associated with SpaceOAR hydrogel insertion during prostate brachytherapy.

Postsurgical large adrenal cyst recurrence: treatment by means of percutaneous alcohol ablation.

Cardiac tamponade in a neonate: a dreadful condition--need for functional echo.

Florid urticarial vasculitis heralding a flare up of ulcerative colitis.

Haemoptysis in a teenager: late diagnosis of unnoticed foreign body aspiration.

Localised bullous eruptions and epidermal detachment from the extravasation of hydroxyethyl starch (Voluven).

A case of rheumatic valvular heart disease and autoimmune gastritis.

Metastatic breast cancer presenting as detrusor overactivity.

A finding with a diagnosis: I just can't put my finger on it.

Absence of left circumflex with superdominant right coronary artery.

Adrenal tumours: how to establish malignancy.

Sclerosing osteomyelitis of Garré: management of femoral pain by intramedullary nailing.

Compartment syndrome resulting from undetected ulnar artery injury in the absence of a forearm fracture.

Internal hernia in late pregnancy after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Chronic meningitis with intracranial hypertension and bilateral neuroretinitis following Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

Long-term repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy: new research questions arising from one tinnitus case?

Granulocytic sarcoma in a patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia in complete haematological, cytogenetic and molecular remission.

A 'silent', new polymorphism of factor H and apparent de novo atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome after kidney transplantation.

Childhood hypopigmented mycosis fungoides: a commonly delayed diagnosis.

An unusual cause for a relatively common radiographic abnormality.

Acute confusion secondary to steroid eye drops.

An unusual cause of jaundice in a patient with breast cancer.

A diagnosis of haemolytic-uraemic syndrome blurred by alcohol abuse.

Recurrent clot anuria following laparoscopic pyeloplasty in a solitary functioning kidney: managing with double guide wire technique.

Expanding the indications: distal femoral osteotomy used successfully to treat recurrent knee effusion.

A woman's experience of tapering from buprenorphine during pregnancy.

Meckel's diverticulum with intussusception in a 5-year-old patient with Down's syndrome.

Sunitinib and improved diabetes control.

Idiopathic aneurysmal giant right atrial enlargement with thrombus formation.

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Activity of T-DM1 in HER-2 positive central nervous system breast cancer metastases.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Maralani, Pejman Torres, Sofia Verma, Sunil
Description	Author Affiliation: Torres S ( Department of Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.); Maralani P ( Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.); Verma S ( Department of Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.)
Abstract	A 55-year-old woman with metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) positive breast cancer (BC) to the lungs and bones was diagnosed with central nervous system (CNS) metastases in November 2011. The MRI showed a right parietal lobe mass with adjacent leptomeningeal disease and several small bilateral cerebellar metastases. She was treated with whole brain irradiation (WBI), followed by capecitabine and lapatinib (December 2011-March 2013) and trastuzumab and lapatinib (May 2013-August 2013). Then, the brain MRI showed progression. In the absence of significant neurological symptoms, we postponed WBI and closely monitored for the development of neurological symptoms. Systemic treatment with trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), an antibody-drug conjugate composed of the cytotoxic agent DM1 conjugated to trastuzumab, was initiated in September 2013 to control systemic disease. Unexpectedly, after two cycles of treatment the brain MRI showed a decrease in size of CNS metastases. This case report suggests possible activity of T-DM1 in HER-2 positive BC with CNS metastases.
e-ISSN	1757790X
Journal	BMJ Case Reports
Volume Number	2014
Language	English
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized Therapeutic Use Brain Neoplasms Breast Neoplasms Maytansine Analogs & Derivatives Receptor, ErbB-2 Metabolism Antineoplastic Agents Tumor Markers, Biological Brain Pathology Drug Therapy Diagnosis, Differential Magnetic Resonance Imaging Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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