NDLI: Invasion, competitive dominance, and resource use by exotic and native California grassland species.

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Invasion, competitive dominance, and resource use by exotic and native California grassland species.

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Invasion, competitive dominance, and resource use by exotic and native California grassland species.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Reichman, O. J. Tilman, David Seabloom, Eric W. Harpole, W. Stanley
Spatial Coverage	California
Description	Author Affiliation: Seabloom EW ( National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, 735 State Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93103, USA. seabloom@nceas.ucsb.edu);
Abstract	The dynamics of invasive species may depend on their abilities to compete for resources and exploit disturbances relative to the abilities of native species. We test this hypothesis and explore its implications for the restoration of native ecosystems in one of the most dramatic ecological invasions worldwide, the replacement of native perennial grasses by exotic annual grasses and forbs in 9.2 million hectares of California grasslands. The long-term persistence of these exotic annuals has been thought to imply that the exotics are superior competitors. However, seed-addition experiments in a southern California grassland revealed that native perennial species, which had lower requirements for deep soil water, soil nitrate, and light, were strong competitors, and they markedly depressed the abundance and fecundity of exotic annuals after overcoming recruitment limitations. Native species reinvaded exotic grasslands across experimentally imposed nitrogen, water, and disturbance gradients. Thus, exotic annuals are not superior competitors but rather may dominate because of prior disturbance and the low dispersal abilities and extreme current rarity of native perennials. If our results prove to be general, it may be feasible to restore native California grassland flora to at least parts of its former range.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	23
Volume Number	100
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2003-11-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Poaceae Physiology Ecology Ecosystem Nitrates Metabolism Time Factors Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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