NDLI: Transcriptional regulation of glutathione biosynthesis genes, Î³-glutamyl-cysteine ligase and glutathione synthetase in response to cadmium and nonylphenol in Chironomus riparius.

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Transcriptional regulation of glutathione biosynthesis genes, Î³-glutamyl-cysteine ligase and glutathione synthetase in response to cadmium and nonylphenol in Chironomus riparius.

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Transcriptional regulation of glutathione biosynthesis genes, Î³-glutamyl-cysteine ligase and glutathione synthetase in response to cadmium and nonylphenol in Chironomus riparius.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Nair, Prakash M. Gopalakrishnan Park, Sun Young Chung, Ji Woong Choi, Jinhee
Description	Author Affiliation: Nair PM ( School of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Energy and Environmental System Engineering, University of Seoul, 90 Jeonnong-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-743, Republic of Korea.)
Abstract	We characterized Chironomus riparius glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis genes, Î³-glutamyl-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (cr-gcl) and glutathione synthetase (cr-gs) and studied their expression after cadmium (Cd) and nonylphenol (NP) exposure. The full length cDNA of the Cr-GCL catalytic subunit was 2185 base pair (bp) in length containing an open reading frame of 1905bp, a 13bp 5' and 267bp 3' untranslated regions. The theoretical molecular mass of the deduced amino acid sequence (633) was 72.65kDa with an estimated pI of 5.42. The partial cDNA of Cr-GS was 739bp in length consisting 221 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of Cr-GCL and Cr-GS cDNAs showed high conservation with homologs from other species. In phylogenetic analysis Cr-GCL and Cr-GS were grouped with equivalent genes from insects belonging to the dipteran order. The expression of cr-gcl and cr-gs was measured using quantitative real-time PCR after exposure to sub lethal concentrations of Cd (2, 10 and 20mg/L) and NP (10, 50 and 100µg/L) for 12, 24, 48 and 72h using real-time PCR methods. The mRNA expression of Cr-GCL and Cr-GS was significantly modulated after exposure to different concentrations of Cd and NP for different time periods. Total GSH levels showed a non-significant decrease after exposure to Cd for 24h. However, no change in GSH levels was observed after exposure to NP for 24h. These results suggest that Cr-GS and Cr-GCL expression is modulated by Cd and NP stress and may play an important role in detoxification of xenobiotics and antioxidant defense. We conclude that Cr-GS and Cr-GCL could be used as biomarkers of Cd and NP stress in aquatic environment for the studied species.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	13826689
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	36
e-ISSN	18727077
Journal	Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2013-09-01
Publisher Place	Netherlands
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Environmental Health Discipline Pharmacology Cadmium Chloride Toxicity Chironomidae Drug Effects Environmental Pollutants Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic Glutamate-cysteine Ligase Metabolism Glutathione Synthase Glutathione Biosynthesis Insect Proteins Phenols Transcription, Genetic Amino Acid Sequence Animals Base Sequence Enzymology Genetics Dose-response Relationship, Drug Molecular Sequence Data Rna, Messenger Time Factors Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Medicine Toxicology Pharmacology

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