NDLI: The pulse duration dependence of inertial cavitation dose and hemolysis

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Brayman, A.A. Wen-shiang Chen Matula, T.J. Crum, L.A. Miller, M.W.
Copyright Year	2002
Description	Author affiliation: Center for Ind. & Med. Ultrasound, Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA (Brayman, A.A.; Wen-shiang Chen; Matula, T.J.; Crum, L.A.)
Abstract	Gas-based ultrasound contrast agents increase erythrocyte sonolysis, presumably via enhancing inertial cavitation (IC) activity. The amount of IC activity (IC dose) and hemolysis generated by exposure to 1.15 MHz ultrasound were examined with different ultrasound pulse durations, but with the same delivered acoustic energy for Optison and Albunex. Two types of studies were performed. In the first, bubble generation after each burst of IC activity was quantified using an active cavitation detector, for different pulse durations (5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 100 or 200 cycles), but the same peak-negative pressure (P-) (3 MPa) and total 'on' time (173.16 ms). Low concentrations of either Optison or Albunex were added into the tank with high-intensity and interrogating transducers orthogonal to each other. For pulse durations >100 cycles, and pulse repetition intervals <5 ms, a 'cascade' effect (explosive bubble generation) was observed. In the second, IC was measured by passive detection methods. IC dose and hemolysis were determined in whole blood samples at P/spl I.bar/=3 MPa and inter-pulse interval (5 ms) which induced the 'cascade' effect. Each blood sample was mixed with the same number of contrast microbubbles (Optison /spl sim/0.3 v/v % and Albunex /spl sim/0.5 v/v %) but exposed to different pulse durations (5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 100 or 200 cycles). With Optison, up to 60 % hemolysis was produced with long pulses (100 and 200 cycles), compared with <10 % with short pulses (5 and 10 cycles). Albunex generated considerably less IC activity and hemolysis. High pulse repetition frequency (PRF, 500 Hz) generated more hemolysis than the low PRF (200 Hz) at 3 MPa. All experimental results could be explained by the dissolution times of IC-generated bubbles.
Sponsorship	Ultransonics Ferroelectr., & Frequency Control Soc
Starting Page	1387
Ending Page	1390
File Size	221201
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780375823
ISSN	10510117
DOI	10.1109/ULTSYM.2002.1192554
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2002-10-08
Publisher Place	Germany
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Pulse generation Acoustic pulses Ultrasonic imaging Transducers Signal generators Blood Frequency Gynaecology Dentistry Acoustic signal detection
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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