NDLI: Dominant sources of variability in passive walking

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Nanayakkara, T. Byl, K. Hongbin Liu Xiaojing Song Villabona, T.
Copyright Year	2012
Description	Author affiliation: Division of Engineering, King's College, University of London, Room 2.47, Strand Building, Strand, WC2R 2LS, UK (Nanayakkara, T.; Hongbin Liu; Xiaojing Song) \|\| Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 36-757, 50 Vassar St, Cambridge, 02139, USA (Villabona, T.) \|\| Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept., University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106, USA (Byl, K.)
Abstract	This paper investigates possible sources of variability in the dynamics of legged locomotion, even in its most idealized form. The rimless wheel model is a seemingly deterministic legged dynamic system, popular within the legged locomotion community for understanding basic collision dynamics and energetics during passive phases of walking. Despite the simplicity of this legged model, however, experimental motion capture data recording the passive step-to-step dynamics of a rimless wheel down a constant-slope terrain actually demonstrate significant variability, providing strong evidence that stochasticity is an intrinsic-and thus unavoidable-property of legged locomotion that should be modeled with care when designing reliable walking machines. We present numerical comparisons of several hypotheses as to the dominant source(s) of this variability: 1) the initial distribution of the angular velocity, 2) the uneven profile of the leg lengths and 3) the distribution of the coefficients of friction and restitution across collisions. Our analysis shows that the 3rd hypothesis most accurately predicts the noise characteristics observed in our experimental data while the 1st hypothesis is also valid for certain contexts of terrain friction. These findings suggest that variability due to ground contact dynamics, and not simply due to geometric variations more typically modeled in terrain, is important in determining the stochasticity and resulting stability of walking robots. Although such ground contact variability might be an expected result in field robotics on significantly rough terrain, we again note our experimental data applies seemingly deterministic-looking terrains: our results suggest that stochastic ground collision models should play an important role in the analysis and optimization of dynamic performance and stability in robot walking.
Starting Page	1003
Ending Page	1010
File Size	508358
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781467314039
ISSN	10504729
e-ISBN	9781467314053
e-ISBN	9781467314046
DOI	10.1109/ICRA.2012.6224839
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2012-05-14
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Legged locomotion Wheels Equations Friction Energy loss Mathematical model
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Artificial Intelligence Control and Systems Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering Software

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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