NDLI: Analysis of small beamlets for IMRT using radiochromic films

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Sohn, J.W. Dempsey, J.F. Drzymala, R.E. Klein, E.E. Grigereit, T.E. Purdy, J.A.
Copyright Year	2000
Description	Author affiliation: Sch. of Med., Washington Univ., St. Louis, MO, USA (Sohn, J.W.)
Abstract	Since multileaf collimator (MLC) was introduced to replace Cerrobend blocks, its use has even further evolved for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). MLC use for IMRT often requires small beamlets (even smaller than Icm) to conform the radiation distribution to physical target volume (PTV). For computer treatment planning for IMRT, analytical algorithms have been used. For an example, the finite size pencil beam dose modeling (FSPB) was used in the CORWS IMRT treatment planning system. The requirement of implementing the FSPB dose modeling in the system includes output measurements (from 2 cm /spl times/ 2 cm to 40 cm /spl times/ 40 cm) and geometrical penumbra measurements. The field sizes used for penumbra measurements are 4 cm /spl times/ 4cm and 20 cm /spl times/ 20 cm at 10 and 20 cm depths. For a MIMiC, field sizes of 2 cm /spl times/ 4 cm and 2 cm /spl times/ 20 cm are used for 1 cm mode. For 2 cm mode, 4 cm /spl times/ 4 cm and 4 cm /spl times/ 20 cm are used. Although the FSPB modeling algorithm is fast and simple to use for dose calculation, the algorithm including other analytical algorithms has not been verified with significant measurement data, especially for small beams. Most of verifications were performed with Monte Carlo calculations. Due to the lack of lateral electronic equilibrium in small beams, it is nearly impossible to measure TAR/TMR even with micro-ionization chambers. Therefore, the authors used the near tissue-equivalent film (GAFChromic film) to measure the percent-depth dose (PDD) of 6 MV photon beam. To measure the PDD, the IMRT solid water phantom (NOMOS) was used, which had 0.5 cm sliced water slabs and clamps to prevent any air gap between the film and water slabs.
Starting Page	732
Ending Page	735
File Size	263225
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780364651
ISSN	1094687X
DOI	10.1109/IEMBS.2000.900852
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2000-07-23
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Algorithm design and analysis Slabs Collimators Intensity modulation Biomedical applications of radiation Solid modeling Size measurement Monte Carlo methods Imaging phantoms Clamps
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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