NDLI: Smoking and polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolism and DNA repair genes are additive risk factors affecting bladder cancer in Northern Tunisia.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Rouissi, Kamel Ouerhani, Slah Hamrita, Bechr Bougatef, Karim Marrakchi, Raja Cherif, Mohamed Ben Slama, Mohamed Riadh Bouzouita, Mohamed Chebil, Mohamed Ben Ammar Elgaaied, Amel
Spatial Coverage	Tunisia
Description	Country affiliation: Tunisia Author Affiliation: Rouissi K ( Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of El Tunis Manar I, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia. rouissik2000@yahoo.fr)
Abstract	Cancer epidemiology has undergone marked development since the nineteen-fifties. One of the most spectacular and specific contributions was the demonstration of the massive effect of smoking and genetic polymorphisms on the occurrence of bladder cancer. The tobacco carcinogens are metabolized by various xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, such as the super-families of N-acetyltransferases (NAT) and glutathione S-transferases (GST). DNA repair is essential to an individual's ability to respond to damage caused by tobacco carcinogens. Alterations in DNA repair genes may affect cancer risk by influencing individual susceptibility to this environmental exposure. Polymorphisms in NAT2, GST and DNA repair genes alter the ability of these enzymes to metabolize carcinogens or to repair alterations caused by this process. We have conducted a case-control study to assess the role of smoking, slow NAT2 variants, GSTM1 and GSTT1 null, and XPC, XPD, XPG nucleotide excision-repair (NER) genotypes in bladder cancer development in North Tunisia. Taken alone, each gene unless NAT2 did not appear to be a factor affecting bladder cancer susceptibility. For the NAT2 slow acetylator genotypes, the NAT25/7 diplotype was found to have a 7-fold increased risk to develop bladder cancer (OR = 7.14; 95% CI: 1.30-51.41). However, in tobacco consumers, we have shown that Null GSTM1, Wild GSTT1, Slow NAT2, XPC (CC) and XPG (CC) are genetic risk factors for the disease. When combined together in susceptible individuals compared to protected individuals these risk factors give an elevated OR (OR = 61). So, we have shown a strong cumulative effect of tobacco and different combinations of studied genetic risk factors which lead to a great susceptibility to bladder cancer.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	12194956
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	17
e-ISSN	15322807
Journal	Pathology & Oncology Research
Language	English
Publisher	Springer
Publisher Date	2011-12-01
Publisher Place	Netherlands
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Discipline Oncology Dna Repair Smoking Genetics Metabolism Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Xenobiotics Aged Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Carcinogens Case-control Studies Dna-binding Proteins Disease Susceptibility Endonucleases Female Genetic Predisposition To Disease Glutathione Transferase Humans Inactivation, Metabolic Male Nuclear Proteins Odds Ratio Polymorphism, Genetic Risk Factors Transcription Factors Tunisia Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein Journal Article
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cancer Research Pathology and Forensic Medicine Oncology

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in