NDLI: Effects of grain refinement on the biocorrosion and in vitro bioactivity of magnesium.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Saha, Partha Roy, Mangal Datta, Moni Kanchan Lee, Boeun Kumta, Prashant N.
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Saha P ( Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.); Roy M ( Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.); Datta MK ( Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA); Lee B ( Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.); Kumta PN ( Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA)
Abstract	Magnesium is a new class of biodegradable metals potentially suitable for bone fracture fixation due to its suitable mechanical properties, high degradability and biocompatibility. However, rapid corrosion and loss in mechanical strength under physiological conditions render it unsuitable for load-bearing applications. In the present study, grain refinement was implemented to control bio-corrosion demonstrating improved in vitro bioactivity of magnesium. Pure commercial magnesium was grain refined using different amounts of zirconium (0.25 and 1.0 wt.%). Corrosion behavior was studied by potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and mass loss immersion tests demonstrating corrosion rate decrease with grain size reduction. In vitro biocompatibility tests conducted by MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells and measured by DNA quantification demonstrate significant increase in cell proliferation for Mg-1 wt.% Zr at day 5. Similarly, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was higher for grain refined Mg. Alloys were also tested for ability to support osteoclast differentiation using RAW264.7 monocytes with receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-ß ligand (RANKL) supplemented cell culture. Osteoclast differentiation process was observed to be severely restricted for smaller grained Mg. Overall, the results indicate grain refinement to be useful not only for improving corrosion resistance of Mg implants for bone fixation devices but also potentially modulate bone regeneration around the implant.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	09284931
Volume Number	57
e-ISSN	18730191
Journal	Materials Science and Engineering: C
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2015-12-01
Publisher Place	Netherlands
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Discipline Materials Science Biocompatible Materials Chemistry Body Fluids Bone Substitutes Chemical Synthesis Magnesium Zirconium Animals Pharmacology Compressive Strength Corrosion Materials Testing Mice Osteoclasts Drug Effects Oxidation-reduction Raw 264.7 Cells Stress, Mechanical Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Research Support, U.s. Gov't, Non-p.h.s.
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Mechanics of Materials Biomaterials Condensed Matter Physics Bioengineering Mechanical Engineering

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