NDLI: Three-dimensional digital imaging analysis of the palatal bone thickness for orthodontic mini-implant insertion – determination of the safe zone and angulation

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Schubert, Hanna Matta, Ragai Seidel, Anna Adler, Werner Wichmann, Manfred Kesting, Marco Lutz, Rainer
Abstract	Background In order to successfully perform orthodontic mini-implant procedures successfully for the subsequent anchoring of orthodontic appliances, it is crucial to know the palatal bone thickness. This is usually assessed using two-dimensional radiographs. The purpose of this study was to use a three-dimensional digital imaging measurement method to provide information on palatal bone volume and bone thickness and to make recommendations on the optimal and safe insertion site and angle for palatal mini-implants. Methods For this observational, cross-section study, pre-existing cone beam computed tomography scans of 184 patients were converted into 3D Standard Tessellation Language (STL) models of the maxilla. The area between the canine and the first molar was divided into 6 regions of interest (ROIs), three on the left side of the palate and three on the right side. The bone thickness of the palate was analyzed volumetrically and linearly while simulating different mini-implant insertion angles of 0°, 10°, 20° and 30° degrees relative to the palatal surface. Results Among the ROIs, the greatest mean bone thickness was observed in the region of the first premolars with a mean distance (MD) of 10.44 ± 2.53 mm and decreased from anterior to posterior (MD: 3.44 ± 1.16 mm). The highest volume (Vol) values were also measured in the anterior palatal region (Vol: 1127.26 ± 483.91 mm3), while there was also a decrease in the posterior region (Vol: 394.36 ± 180.22 mm3). Regarding the simulated palatal mini-implant insertion sites, the greatest bone thickness was found in the anterior region, at the level of the canines with an angle of 0° (MD: 12.25 ± 3.75 mm). In the more posterior region, at the level between the first and second premolars, the greatest bone thickness was observed at an angle of 30° (MD: 7.93 ± 3.81 mm). Gender differences were found. Conclusion This clinical study showed that the paramedian region at the level of the first premolar is the safest site for orthodontic mini-implant placement as evaluated by three-dimensional measurements. The results showed that implant insertion angle, gender and age are important aspects to consider when planning and inserting orthodontic palatal mini-implants. Trial registration N.a.
Related Links	https://bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12903-024-05229-y.pdf
Ending Page	14
Page Count	14
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14726831
DOI	10.1186/s12903-024-05229-y
Journal	BMC Oral Health
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-11-28
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Dentistry Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Three-dimensional Palate Cone-beam computed tomography Temporary anchorage devices Orthodontic anchorage procedures
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Dentistry
Journal Impact Factor	2.6/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.2/2023

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