NDLI: Evaluation of enamel surface integrity after orthodontic bracket debonding: comparison of three different system

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Ghaleb, Labib Al-Worafi, Naseem Ali Thawaba, Ahmed Abdulqader, Abbas Ahmed Alkamel, Aqlan Abdo, Yaser Yang, Zhao Noman, Nashwan Al-Aroomi, Maged Ali Yulou, Tian
Abstract	Objective This study aimed to evaluate enamel surface integrity and time consumed during residual cement removal after bracket debonding using different adhesive removal burs with and without a dental loupe. Material and Methods Sixty human-extracted premolars were collected, cleaned, mounted, and prepared for orthodontic bracket bonding. Teeth were randomly divided into three main groups (n = 20) based on the adhesive removal method: tungsten carbide system (TC), sof-lex discs system (SD), and diamond system (DB) groups. Then, each group was subdivided into two subgroups (naked eye and magnifying loupe subgroups). The brackets were bonded and then debonded after 24 h, and the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) was assessed. The adhesive remnants were removed by different systems, and the final polishing was performed by Silicone OneGloss. The enamel surface roughness was evaluated before bracketing (T0), after residual cement removal (T1), and finally after polishing (T2) using surface Mitutoyo SJ-210 profilometry and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to determine the Enamel Damage Index (EDI) score. The time consumed for adhesive removal was recorded in seconds. Results The Kruskal Wallis test showed a statistically significant difference in roughness values at T1 compared to T2 between subgroups (p < 0.001). When comparing EDI at T1 and T2, the Kruskal–Wallis H-test showed statistically significant differences in all subgroups. The pairwise comparisons revealed that EDI scores showed a statistically significant difference at T1 and T2 between DB vs. TC and SD (p = 0.015) but not between TC vs. SD (p = 1.000), indicating the highest roughness value observed in the DB group. The time for cement removal was significantly shorter in the magnifying loupe group than in the naked eye group and was shortest with the TC group, whereas the time was the longest with the DB group (p < 0.05). Conclusion All three systems were clinically satisfactory for residual orthodontic adhesive removal. However, TC system produced the lowest enamel roughness, while the DB system created the greatest. The polishing step created smoother surfaces regardless of the systems used for resin removal.
Related Links	https://bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12903-024-04138-4.pdf
Ending Page	11
Page Count	11
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14726831
DOI	10.1186/s12903-024-04138-4
Journal	BMC Oral Health
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-03-20
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Dentistry Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Surface roughness Debonding Brackets Orthodontic adhesive Magnifying loupe
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Dentistry
Journal Impact Factor	2.6/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.2/2023

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