NDLI: Determinants of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV receiving care in health facilities in Tamale Metropolis, Ghana

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Abdul-Samed, Faisal Gunu Abubakari, Abdulai Yussif, Buhari Gunu Aninanya, Gifty Apiung
Abstract	Background Strictly following antiretroviral therapy (ART) is essential in managing HIV and AIDS and attaining viral suppression. However, adherence to ART remains a complex challenge among persons living with HIV (PLHIV) and it is influenced by various individual and socio-cultural factors. Also, there is limited data as far as the studies on determinants of ART adherence in the Tamale Metropolis is concerned. This highlights a critical knowledge gap that needs to be addressed to improve adherence rates. This study therefore aims to examine the determinants of ART adherence among PLHIV in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from November 2023 to February 2024 to recruit 418 PLHIV using consecutive sampling from three healthcare facilities located in the Tamale Metropolis. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, adherence behaviours and socio-cultural beliefs. Every element impacting adherence to ART underwent assessment using a 4-point Likert scale, with data entry and coding executed using Microsoft Excel, followed by statistical analyses using SPSS version 21. Fisher’s exact test, Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analyses were utilized to ascertain autonomous indicators of ART adherence while accounting for the impact of other factors. Determinants of ART were considered statistically significant at a p-value of less than 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval. Results A total of 418 PLHIV were studied, yielding a 100% response rate and an ART adherence rate of 93%, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 90.6% to 95.4%. Clients who were educated (AOR = 6.80, 95% CI: 1.57–29.42, p = 0.010), retentive (AOR = 10.73, 95% CI: 4.24–27.15, p < 0.001), had aversion for alternative treatment modalities (AOR = 8.04, 95% CI: 2.90–22.29, p < 0.001) and involved with peer support groups (AOR = 3.73, 95% CI: 1.02–13.56, p < 0.05) exhibited markedly higher rates of adherence to ART, as relative to those who did the opposite. Conclusion The study identified a sub-optimal adherence rate of 93% among PLHIV with key determinants of ART adherence. Among individual factors, educational attainment and forgetfulness played a significant role in influencing adherence levels. In terms of sociocultural factors, inclinations toward alternative therapies, such as traditional or herbal remedies, and active engagement in peer support networks were found to impact adherence. The Ghana AIDS Commission and its partners should implement targeted educational programs, interventions such as reminder systems (e.g., mobile phone alerts, pill organizers) should be developed and promoted, develop culturally sensitive outreach programs that respect traditional beliefs while promoting the benefits of ART and strengthen peer support networks.
Related Links	https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12879-024-10240-3.pdf
Ending Page	14
Page Count	14
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-024-10240-3
Journal	BMC Infectious Diseases
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-12-03
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Infectious Diseases Parasitology Medical Microbiology Tropical Medicine Internal Medicine Adherence Antiretroviral Therapy HIV and AIDS Ghana Tamale Metropolis Socio-cultural factors Peer support
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases
Journal Impact Factor	3.4/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.3/2023

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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