NDLI: RETRACTED ARTICLE: Determinants of viral load suppression failure among HIV adults on ARV attending health care facilities: a retrospective study in Tanga region, Tanzania

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Mboggo, Eric Mtisi, Expeditho Mushy, Stella E. Mkawe, Simon Ngalesoni, Frida Muya, Aisa Kilimba, Edwin Kamugumya, Denice Mlay, Boniface Silvan
Abstract	Background Availability and accessibility of Antiretroviral drugs (ARV’s) improve the lives of People living with HIV (PLHIV) by improving client’s immune system to overcome infections and prevent the development of AIDS and other HIV complications. Combination therapy, early initiation of ART, newer ART drugs, single dosage and drug affordability significantly contribute in the reduction of viral multiplication and suppression of HIV to undetectable plasma levels. Methods A retrospective longitudinal study design study was conducted from 1st October, 2018 to 30th June 2022 in all supported HIV care and treatment health facilities in Tanga region which were supported by Amref Health Africa, Tanzania. The participants were HIV adult patients aged 15 years and above on ART and attended the clinic at least once after ART initiation. Viral load suppression levels are defined with viral load <1,000 HIV RNA copies/ml (viral load suppression). Cox proportional hazard regression models were employed to identify risk factors for virological failure. P values were two-sided, and we considered a P<0.05 to be statistically significant. Results Fifty-nine thousand five hundred three adult clients >15 years whom were on ART were included in the analysis to determine the level of plasma Viral Load suppression after being on ART. Female 41,304 (69.4%) and male 18,199 (30.6%). Only four percent (2,290) were found to be unsuppressed i.e having plasma Viral Load >1,000cp/ml while 96% (57,213) were virally suppressed. Several factors were independently associated with virologic failure that included; age between 15 - <25 years (HR: 2.82, 95% CI 1.96 – 4.04), BMI <18.5 (HR: 1.69, 95% CI 1.23 – 2.30), advanced WHO stage IV (HR: 1.60, 95% CI 1.12 – 2.24), CD4 cell count <350 (HR: 2.61, 95% CI 2.12 – 3.23), poor adherence (HR: 1.98, 95% CI 1.80 – 2.18) and not using DTG based drug (HR: 11.8, 95% CI 9.74 – 14.3). Conclusion Virologic failure was observed in this study among clients with young age, advanced WHO stage IV, not using DTG based regimen, poor drug adherence and second line regime. To improve Viral Load Suppression among these clients; the existing HIV intervention strategies should be taken care by targeting the identified risk factors.
Related Links	https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12879-023-08604-2.pdf
Ending Page	9
Page Count	9
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-023-08604-2
Journal	BMC Infectious Diseases
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-03-14
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Infectious Diseases Parasitology Medical Microbiology Tropical Medicine Internal Medicine Adult HIV positive Antiretroviral therapy DTG based therapy HIV/AIDS Viral load suppression Predictors Africa Tanzania
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases
Journal Impact Factor	3.4/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.3/2023

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Determinants of viral load suppression failure among HIV adults on ARV attending health care facilities: a retrospective study in Tanga region, Tanzania

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Determinants of viral load suppression failure among HIV adults on ARV attending health care facilities: a retrospective study in Tanga region, Tanzania