NDLI: The impact of an oral glucose load on IFN-γ-release in persons infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Lorentsson, Hans Johan Niklas Clausen, Christina Reinholdt Faurholt-Jepsen, Daniel Hansen, Katrine Bagge Ritz, Christian Jensen, Sidse Graff Rasmussen, Erik Michael Jørgensen, Anja Lillebaek, Troels Knop, Filip Ravn, Pernille
Abstract	Background and objective To diagnose tuberculosis infection (TBI), whole blood is incubated with M.tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific peptides and the release of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is measured in IFN-γ-release assays (IGRAs). Hyperglycaemia and fluctuations in blood glucose may modulate IFN-γ-release. Here, we investigated if glucose intake affects IFN-γ-release or IGRA results in IGRAs taken during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Methods Persons with TB disease (TB) or TBI underwent a standard 75-g OGTT at the start and end of treatment for TB or TBI. Blood for the IGRA QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT) containing Mtb-specific tubes (TB1 and TB2), a non-specific mitogen tube (MIT) and an empty control tube (NIL) was drawn at sample-timepoints -15 (baseline), 60, 90, 120 and 240 min during the OGTT. Blood glucose was measured in parallel at all timepoints. IFN-γ-release (after subtraction of NIL) at each timepoint was compared with baseline using linear-mixed-model analysis. Results Twenty-four OGTTs from 14 participants were included in the final analysis. Compared to baseline, IFN-γ-release was increased at sample-timepoint 240 min for TB1; geometric mean (95% confidence interval) 3.0 (1.5–6.2) vs 2.5 (1.4–4.4) IU/mL (p = 0.047), and MIT; 182.6 (103.3–322.9) vs 146.0 (84.0–254.1) IU/mL (p = 0.002). Plasma glucose levels were not associated with IFN-γ-release and the QFT test results were unaffected by the OGTT. Conclusion Ingestion of glucose after a 10-h fast was associated with increased IFN-γ-release after 240 min in the MIT tube. However, there was no association between plasma glucose levels at the QFT sampling timepoint and IFN-γ-release. Furthermore, the QFT test results were not affected by glucose intake. The overall effect of an OGTT and prevailing plasma glucose levels on IFN-γ-release in IGRAs seem limited. Trial registration Trial registration ID: NCT04830462 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04830462 ). Registration date: 05-Apr-2021.
Related Links	https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12879-024-09920-x.pdf
Ending Page	7
Page Count	7
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-024-09920-x
Journal	BMC Infectious Diseases
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-09-30
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Infectious Diseases Parasitology Medical Microbiology Tropical Medicine Internal Medicine Interferon-γ-release Tuberculosis disease Tuberculosis infection Oral glucose tolerance test
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases
Journal Impact Factor	3.4/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.3/2023

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