NDLI: Disseminated Nocardia nova in a child with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case report

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Arahirwa, Victor Thahir, Sahal Hernandez, Lauren Willis, Zachary Inskeep
Abstract	Background Nocardiosis is a rare infection that typically results from inhalation of or inoculation with Nocardia organisms. It may cause invasive disease in immunocompromised patients. This case describes nocardiosis with bacteremia and pulmonary involvement in a child with a hematologic malignancy. Case presentation A boy with testicular relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia with marrow involvement presented with sudden onset of fever, body aches, headaches, chills, and moderate respiratory distress during continuation 2 chemotherapy. Radiographic imaging demonstrated consolidation and ground glass opacities in bilateral lower lungs. Central line blood cultures grew Nocardia nova complex, prompting removal of the central line and initiation of triple therapy with imipenem-cilastatin, linezolid, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole with rapid improvement of symptoms. Antibiotic susceptibilities showed a multidrug-susceptible isolate. The patient is anticipated to remain on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for at least 12 months. Conclusions In an immunocompromised child, blood cultures, chest imaging, and head imaging can aid in the diagnosis of disseminated nocardiosis. Long-term antibiotic therapy is necessary, guided by the organism and simplified with the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
Related Links	https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12879-023-08895-5.pdf
Ending Page	6
Page Count	6
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-023-08895-5
Journal	BMC Infectious Diseases
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-02-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Infectious Diseases Parasitology Medical Microbiology Tropical Medicine Internal Medicine Nocardiosis Bacteremia Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Case study
Subject	Infectious Diseases
Journal Impact Factor	3.4/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.3/2023

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