NDLI: Measles vaccine effectiveness in African children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Endalamaw, Demeke Nibret, Endalkachew Munshea, Abaineh Mekonnen, Feleke Tadesse, Senait Zeru, Taye Tefera, Mesfine Yismaw, Gizachew
Abstract	Introduction Measles is an extremely contagious viral disease that can be prevented through vaccination. It is caused by the measles virus and presents with symptoms such as high fever, cough, runny nose, conjunctivitis, and a distinctive rash. Complications may include pneumonia, diarrhoea, and neurological issues. The disease spreads through respiratory droplets and continues to pose a significant public health challenge, especially in Africa, despite vaccination efforts. Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to estimate the pooled vaccine effectiveness of measles vaccines among African children, providing insights into immunization program success and informing policy decisions on vaccine distribution and resource allocation. Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, search was conducted in databases including PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, HINARI, Cochrane/Wiley library, Europe PMC, and grey literatures like Google Scholar up to March 2024. Cross-sectional studies assessed measles vaccine effectiveness in African children aged nine months and above were included. Data was extracted using JBI extraction tool and entered into microsoft excel and analysed via STATA version 20.1 using random effect model. Results From 5295 identified articles, 18 met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 26,470 children from 13 African countries. The pooled measles vaccine effectiveness was 68.58%, with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 99.66%, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed variability in vaccine effectiveness by study period, with higher effectiveness in studies conducted after the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) in 2012. Conclusion Measles vaccine effectiveness varies in African regions, ranging from 98.4% in Nigeria to 36.5% in Mozambique, with an overall effectiveness of 68.58% and high heterogeneity among studies. Optimizing vaccine distribution, increasing coverage, and prompt administration are important for enhancing effectiveness. Continued support for GVAP strategies and further research is needed to understand factors affecting vaccine performance and improve immunization efforts in Africa.
Related Links	https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12879-024-10239-w.pdf
Ending Page	11
Page Count	11
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-024-10239-w
Journal	BMC Infectious Diseases
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-11-21
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Infectious Diseases Parasitology Medical Microbiology Tropical Medicine Internal Medicine African children Measles vaccine Vaccine effectiveness Vaccine effectiveness systematic review
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases
Journal Impact Factor	3.4/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.3/2023

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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