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Food & Function Vol - 5 Issue - 6

Food & Function Vol - 5 Issue - 5

Food & Function Vol - 5 Issue - 4

Food & Function Vol - 5 Issue - 3

Food & Function Vol - 5 Issue - 2

Food & Function Vol -4

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Food & Function Vol -1

Activation of macrophages stimulated by the bengkoang fiber extract through toll-like receptor 4

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Sugahara, Takuya Putra, Agus Budiawan Naro Nishi, Kosuke Kumalasari, Ika Dyah
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Bengkoang (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urban) is an edible root tuber containing fairly large amounts of carbohydrates and crude fibers. Our previous studies showed that the bengkoang fiber extract (BFE) stimulates activation of macrophages, leading to induction of phagocytotic activity and cytokine production. In the present study we investigated the mechanism underlying activation of murine macrophages by BFE. BFE increased production of TNF-α, IL-6, and nitric oxide by J774.1 cells. In addition BFE also facilitated the gene expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase. We examined the effect of a TLR4 inhibitor on cytokine production to investigate the membrane receptor of macrophage activation by BFE. Treatment of J774.1 cells with the TLR4 inhibitor significantly inhibited production of IL-6 and TNF-α, suggesting that TLR4 is the target membrane receptor for BFE. The main signal molecules located downstream of TLR4 such as JNK, p38, ERK, and NF-κB were activated by BFE treatment. The immunostimulatory effect of BFE was cancelled by the pectinase treatment, suggesting that the active ingredient in BFE is pectin-like molecules. Overall results suggested that BFE activates J774.1 cells via the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.
Starting Page	1403
Ending Page	1408
Page Count	6
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20426496
Volume Number	5
Issue Number	7
Journal	Food & Function
DOI	10.1039/c3fo60360a
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	BFE ERK MAPK Bengkoang Pachyrhizus erosus Tuber Macrophage Cytokine Tumor necrosis factor alpha Interleukin 6 Nitric oxide Gene Nitric oxide synthase TLR4 Enzyme inhibitor Cell surface receptor C-Jun N-terminal kinases P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases Mitogen-activated protein kinase NF-κB Pectinase
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Food Science

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Activation of macrophages stimulated by the bengkoang fiber extract through toll-like receptor 4