NDLI: Conditions for invasion of synapse-forming HIV variants

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Vargas Garcia, C.A. Zurakowski, R. Singh, A.
Copyright Year	2013
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA (Vargas Garcia, C.A.; Zurakowski, R.; Singh, A.)
Abstract	Infection by Human Immunodeficiency Virus is a widespread cause of progressive immunodeficiency and death. The mechanisms of virus transmission and infection are well-documented from many experimental studies. These show that the infection of CD4+ T Cells by HIV happens by two distinct mechanisms: transmission by free viruses, and cell-cell transmission in which viral particles are transmitted directly across a tight junction or synapse between an infected and an uninfected cell. In this paper, a mathematical model of HIV transmission including both the free virus and cell-cell transmission pathways is introduced. A variation of this model is considered including two populations of virus. The first infects cells only by the free virus pathway, and the second infects cells by either the free virus or the cell-cell pathway. Steady-state and bifurcation analyses are performed on this model. A simple formula is presented describing the bifurcation point for local stability of a steady-state solution consisting entirely of the first viral subtype. This is equivalent to the conditions for invasion by a synapse-forming HIV variant. Synapse-forming HIV is shown to provide an evolutionary advantage relative to non synapse-forming virus when the average number of virus transmitted across a synapse is a sufficiently small fraction of the burst size. The exact bifurcation point depends on the fitness of the non synapse-forming virus and the likelihood of successful infection as a function of multiplicity of infection. These results are important for understanding synaptic transmission in HIV, which has been identified as a possible cause of continued replication during antiviral therapy.
Sponsorship	IEEE Control Syst. Soc.
Starting Page	7193
Ending Page	7198
File Size	1059186
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781467357142
ISSN	07431546
e-ISBN	9781467357173
DOI	10.1109/CDC.2013.6761030
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2013-12-10
Publisher Place	Italy
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Mathematical model Human immunodeficiency virus Steady-state Equations Load modeling Viruses (medical) Immune system
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Control and Optimization Control and Systems Engineering Modeling and Simulation

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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