NDLI: Energy efficiency comparisons of NRZ and PAM4 modulation for ring-resonator-based silicon photonic links

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Binhao Wang Yu Kunzhi Hao Li Chiang, P.Y. Palermo, S.
Copyright Year	2015
Description	Author affiliation: Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX, USA (Binhao Wang; Yu Kunzhi; Palermo, S.) \|\| Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR, USA (Hao Li; Chiang, P.Y.)
Abstract	Advanced modulation schemes, such as PAM4, are currently under consideration in both high-speed electrical and optical interconnect systems. This paper analyzes how NRZ and PAM4 modulation impacts the energy efficiency of an optical link architecture based on silicon photonic microring resonator modulators and drop filters, and how this changes as CMOS technology scales from a 65nm to a 16nm node. Two ring modulator device structures are proposed for PAM4 modulation, including a single-segment device driven with a multi-level PAM4 transmitter and a two-segment device driven by two simple NRZ (MSB/LSB) transmitters. Modeling results with carrier-depletion ring modulators and transmitter driver and receiver circuitry show that the PAM4 architectures achieve superior energy efficiency at higher data rates due to the relaxed circuit bandwidth, with the cross-over point scaling from 30Gb/s in the 65nm node to 50Gb/s in the 16nm node.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	4
File Size	781101
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
e-ISBN	9781467365581
DOI	10.1109/MWSCAS.2015.7282208
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2015-08-02
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Modulation Optical signal processing Energy efficiency Optical transmitters Receivers Bandwidth Optical ring resonators
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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