NDLI: The miniaturized nuclear genome of eukaryotic endosymbiont contains genes that overlap, genes that are cotranscribed, and the smallest known spliceosomal introns.

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Persistent confusion of total entropy and chemical system entropy in chemical thermodynamics.

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The miniaturized nuclear genome of eukaryotic endosymbiont contains genes that overlap, genes that are cotranscribed, and the smallest known spliceosomal introns.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Gilson, P. R. Mcfadden, G. I.
Description	Author Affiliation: Gilson PR ( Plant Cell Biology Research Centre, School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Australia.);
Abstract	Chlorarachniophyte algae contain a complex, multi-membraned chloroplast derived from the endosymbiosis of a eukaryotic alga. The vestigial nucleus of the endosymbiont, called the nucleomorph, contains only three small linear chromosomes with a haploid genome size of 380 kb and is the smallest known eukaryotic genome. Nucleotide sequence data from a subtelomeric fragment of chromosome III were analyzed as a preliminary investigation of the coding capacity of this vestigial genome. Several housekeeping genes including U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA), ribosomal proteins S4 and S13, a core protein of the spliceosome [small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) E], and a cip-like protease (clpP) were identified. Expression of these genes was confirmed by combinations of Northern blot analysis, in situ hybridization, immunocytochemistry, and cDNA analysis. The protein-encoding genes are typically eukaryotic in overall structure and their messenger RNAs are polyadenylylated. A novel feature is the abundance of 18-, 19-, or 20-nucleotide introns; the smallest spliceosomal introns known. Two of the genes, U6 and S13, overlap while another two genes, snRNP E and clpP, are cotranscribed in a single mRNA. The overall gene organization is extraordinarily compact, making the nucleomorph a unique model for eukaryotic genomics.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	15
Volume Number	93
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1996-10-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Amoeba Genetics Chlorophyta Conserved Sequence RNA, Small Nuclear Biosynthesis Classification Animals Consensus Sequence Evolution, Molecular In Situ Hybridization Introns Microscopy, Electron Molecular Sequence Data Open Reading Frames Plastids Polymerase Chain Reaction Protein Biosynthesis Restriction Mapping Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid Spliceosomes Ultrastructure Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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