NDLI: Accumulation and depuration of the synthetic antioxidant ethoxyquin in the muscle of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.).

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Accumulation and depuration of the synthetic antioxidant ethoxyquin in the muscle of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.).

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Accumulation and depuration of the synthetic antioxidant ethoxyquin in the muscle of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.).

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Bohne, Victoria J. Berdikova Lundebye, Anne-Katrine Hamre, Kristin
Spatial Coverage	Norway
Description	Country affiliation: Norway Author Affiliation: Bohne VJ ( National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), Nordnes, Bergen, Norway. victoria.bohne@nifes.no)
Abstract	The biological fate of the fish feed additive, ethoxyquin (EQ) was examined in the muscle of Atlantic salmon during 12 weeks of feeding followed by a 2 weeks depuration period. Parent EQ (1,2-dihydro-6-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline), quinone imine (2,6-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethyl-6-quinolone), de-ethylated EQ (6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline) and EQDM (EQ dimer or 1,8'-di(1,2-dihydro-6-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-quinoline) were found to be the ubiquitous metabolites of dietary EQ, with EQDM as a main metabolite. A rapid decrease in the level of EQ (2.4 days of half-life) was balanced by an increase in EQDM, giving an unchanged net sum following 2 weeks of depuration. The mandatory 14 days depuration period prior to slaughtering of farmed salmon in Norway was not sufficient for complete elimination of EQ-derived residuals. Post depuration, EQDM accounted for 99% of sum of the two compounds in all treatment groups; possible toxicological effects of EQDM are not known. The individual concentrations of EQ and EQDM and their sum are dependent on EQ level in the feed, consequently, their residual concentrations may be controlled. The theoretical amount of EQ and EQDM consumed in one meal of farmed salmon would be under the recommended ADI, provided that the fish were raised on feed with no more than 150 mg EQ/kg feed, which is the EU maximum limit for EQ in fish feed.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	02786915
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	46
e-ISSN	18736351
Journal	Food and Chemical Toxicology
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2008-05-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Toxicology__semicolon__nutritional Discipline Sciences Antioxidants Metabolism Ethoxyquin Muscle, Skeletal Salmo Salar Agriculture Algorithms Animal Feed Analysis Animals Body Weight Drug Effects Data Interpretation, Statistical Diet Dose-response Relationship, Drug Growth Humans Lipids Mice Chemistry Norway Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Toxicology Food Science

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Hepatic Biotransformation and Metabolite Profile during a 2-Week Depuration Period in Atlantic Salmon Fed Graded Levels of the Synthetic Antioxidant, Ethoxyquin

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Accumulation and depuration of the synthetic antioxidant ethoxyquin in the muscle of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.).

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Hepatic Biotransformation and Metabolite Profile during a 2-Week Depuration Period in Atlantic Salmon Fed Graded Levels of the Synthetic Antioxidant, Ethoxyquin

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