NDLI: Enhanced groundwater vulnerability assessment in geological homogeneous areas: a case study from the Argentine Pampas

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Massone, Héctor Quiroz Londoño, Mauricio Martínez, Daniel
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	The southeast area of the Argentine Pampas is characterized by the presence of an unconfined aquifer in a wide plain. A methodology is proposed that deals with the aquifer vulnerability where the homogeneity of the hydrogeological variables used by traditional methods (in this case, DRASTIC-P) causes vulnerability maps to show more than 80% of the territory under the same class. This absence of discrimination renders vulnerability maps of little use to decision-makers. In addition, the proposed methodology avoids the traditional vague classification (high, low, and moderate vulnerability) which is highly dependent on subjectivity in its association of each class with hydrogeological considerations. That traditional vulnerability assessment methodology was adapted using a geographic information system to reclassify classes, based on the Natural Breaks (Jenks) method. The pixel-to-pixel comparison between the result obtained by the DRASTIC-P and the reclassified classes generates the so-called operational vulnerability index (OVI), which shows four classes, associating each with different hydrogeological requirements to make decisions.La région du Sud-est des Pampas d’Argentine est caractérisée par la présence d’un aquifère libre dans une vaste plaine. Une méthodologie est proposée qui traite de la vulnérabilité de l’aquifère lorsque l’homogénéité des variables hydrogéologiques utilisées par les méthodes traditionnelles ( dans ce cas, DRASTIC-P) amène les cartes de vulnérabilité à représenter plus de 80% du territoire dans la même classe. Cette absence de précision rend les cartes de vulnérabilité peu utilisables pour les décideurs. De plus, la méthodologie proposée évite la classification imprécise traditionnelle (vulnérabilité élevée, faible et modérée) qui est extrêmement influencée par la subjectivité par l’association de chaque classe à des considérations hydrogéologiques. Cette méthodologie de détermination traditionnelle de la vulnérabilité a été adaptée par l’utilisation d’un système d’information géographique pour une redéfinition des classes, basée sur la méthode des Seuils Naturels (Jenks). La comparaison pixel par pixel entre le résultat obtenu par DRASTIC-P et les classes redéfinies détermine le dénommé index de vulnérabilité opérationnel (IVO) qui fournit quatre classes, en associant chacune à des exigences hydrogéologiques différentes dans le but de prendre des décisions.El área sudeste de las Pampas de Argentina está caracterizada por la presencia de un acuífero no confinado en una amplia llanura. Se propone una metodología que trata la vulnerabilidad del acuífero donde la homogeneidad de las variables hidrogeológicas usadas por los métodos tradicionales (en este caso, DRASTIC-P) produce mapas de vulnerabilidad que muestran más del 80% de territorio bajo la misma clase. Esta ausencia de discriminación da mapas de vulnerabilidad de poca utilidad para los tomadores de decisiones. Además, la metodología propuesta evita la clasificación ambigua tradicional (vulneralidad alta, baja y moderada) que es altamente dependiente de la subjetividad en su asociación de cada clase con consideraciones hidrogeológicas. Esta metodología tradicional de evaluación de la vulnerabilidad fue adaptada usando un sistema de información geográfica para reclasificar clases, basado en el método Natural Breaks (Jenks). La comparación pixel a pixel entre los resultados obtenidos por DRASTIC-P y el de las clases reclasificadas genera, los así llamados índices de vulnerabilidad operacional (OVI), que muestran cuatro clases, asociando cada una con diferentes requerimientos hidrogeológicos para la toma de decisiones.阿根廷Pampas地区东南部的特点是在广阔的平原上存在非承压含水层。本文提出了一种在水文地质条件均一地区进行脆弱性评价的方法, 在这类地区用传统方法 (这里指DRASTIC-P) 绘制脆弱性地图, 得到的结果往往是超过80%的范围脆弱性等级相同。分级的缺失使得这样的脆弱性地图对决策者用处不大。另外, 提出的新方法避开了传统的模糊分类 (高、中和低脆弱性), 该分类中的每一个级别对与其相关联的水文地质结构的认识主观性很强。将传统的脆弱性评价方法用于地理信息系统, 在Natural Breaks (Jenks)方法分类的基础上进行再分类。对DRASTIC-P得到的结果和再分类的结果进行由像素到像素的比较得到了一个所谓的实用型脆弱性指标 (OVI): 有四个级别, 每种级别都能符合不同水文地质条件的需求, 以便做出决策。A região sudeste das Pampas Argentinas é caracterizada pela presença de um aquífero livre numa ampla planície. Propõe-se uma metodologia para calcular a vulnerabilidade do aquífero quando a homogeneidade das variáveis hidrogeológicas usadas pelos métodos tradicionais (como DRASTIC-P) fazem com que os mapas de vulnerabilidade mostrem que mais de 80% do território ficam sob a mesma classe. Esta ausência de discriminação torna os mapas de vulnerabilidade de pouca utilidade para os decisores. Adicionalmente, a metodologia proposta evita a tradicional classificação vaga (vulnerabilidade alta, moderada e baixa), a qual é extremamente dependente da subjectividade, pela associação de cada classe a considerações hidrogeológicas. A metodologia tradicional de avaliação de vulnerabilidade foi adaptada, tendo para o efeito sido utilizado um sistema de informação geográfica para reclassificar as classes, com base no método das quebras naturais de Jenks (Jenks’ Natural Breaks). A comparação pixel-a-pixel entre o resultado obtido com DRASTIC-P e com as classes reclassificadas dá origem a um designado índice de vulnerabilidade operacional (operational vulnerability index, OVI) que mostra quatro classes, associando-se cada uma delas a diferentes requisitos hidrogeológicos necessários para a tomada de decisões.
Starting Page	371
Ending Page	379
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	18
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	Portuguese
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2009-08-12
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Vulnerability mapping Aquifer pollution Land-use planning Geographic information systems Argentina Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Geology Hydrogeology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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