NDLI: Hydrological and nitrogen distributed catchment modeling to assess the impact of future climate change at Trichonis Lake, western Greece

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Dimitriou, Elias Moussoulis, Elias
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	According to regional climatic models, climate change may affect Mediterranean lakes significantly in terms of water availability and quality. Trichonis Lake catchment covers a semi-mountainous area of 403 km$^{2}$ including the largest Greek lake by volume (2.6 × 10$^{9}$ m$^{3}$), located in western Greece. The impact of climate change on the hydrology and water quality of the lake, in terms of lake water level and nutrient concentrations, has been assessed. Water balance estimates and geographical information system tools were then used to set up a physically based, spatially distributed model. The calibrated model was simulated for two future scenarios specified by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: A2 (pessimistic) and B2 (more optimistic), which involved temperature/evaporation/evapotranspiration increase and small precipitation decrease. The model was calibrated efficiently for the 1990–1992 period. The two basic climatic scenarios illustrated that the responses of the lake water levels will show a decrease of 24.2 and 12 cm, respectively, and an increase of total nitrogen concentrations by 3.4 and 10%, in relation to the early 1990s values. These important findings suggest that mitigation and optimum management plans should be developed to eliminate the aforementioned climate change impacts and further research should follow.Le changement climatique peut avoir des conséquences importantes en termes de disponibilité et de qualité de l’eau sur les lacs méditerranéens, selon les résultats des modèles climatiques régionaux. Le bassin versant du lac Trichonis d’une superficie de 403 km² occupe une zone semi montagneuses à l’Ouest de la Grèce et comprend le plus grand lac de Grèce en termes de volume (2.6 × 10$^{9}$ m$^{3}$). L’impact du changement climatique sur l’hydrologie et la qualité de l’eau du lac a été évalué considérant le niveau d’eau du lac et les concentrations en éléments nutritifs. L’évaluation du bilan hydrologique ainsi qu’un système d’information géographique sont deux outils qui ont été utilisés afin d’établir un modèle physique distribué spatialement. Le modèle calibré a permis de simuler deux scénarios futurs de changement climatique issus des travaux du Groupe Intergouvernemental sur le changement climatique: A2 (pessimiste) et B2 (plus optimiste), comprenant une augmentation de la température/évaporation/évapotranspiration et une faible diminution des précipitations. Le modèle a été calibré de manière satisfaisante sur la période 1990–1992. La simulation des deux scénarios climatiques donne une diminution du niveau du lac de 24.2 cm et de 12 cm respectivement et une augmentation des concentrations d’azote total de 3.4% et 10% en comparaison avec les valeurs de 1990. Ces résultats importants suggèrent que des plans d’atténuation et de gestion doivent être mis en place afin d’éviter d’être confronté aux impacts du changement climatique mentionné précédemment; de plus les recherches doivent se poursuivre.Los cambios climáticos pueden afectar significativamente a los lagos Mediterráneos en términos de la disponibilidad y la calidad de agua, de acuerdo a los modelos climáticos regionales. La cuenca del lago Trichonis cubre un área semimontañosa de 403 km$^{2}$ incluyendo el lago griego más grande por su volumen (2.6 × 10$^{9}$ m$^{3}$), localizado en el oeste de Grecia. Se evaluó el impacto del cambio climático en la hidrología y la calidad de agua del lago, en términos de nivel de agua del lago y concentración de nutrientes. Se utilizaron entonces estimaciones de balances de agua y herramientas de sistemas de información geográfica para establecer un modelo físico espacialmente distribuido. El modelo calibrado fue simulado para dos escenarios futuros especificados por el Panel Intergubernamental de Cambio Climático: A2 (pesimista) y B2 (más optimista) lo cuales involucran incrementos de temperatura/ evaporación / evapotranspiración y una pequeña disminución de la precipitación. El modelo fue calibrado eficientemente para el período 1990–1992. Los dos escenarios climáticos básicos mostraron que la respuesta del nivel de agua del lago muenstran una disminución de 24.2 cm y 12 cm, respectivamente, y un incremento de la concentración total de nitrógeno de 3.4% y 10%, en relación a los valores primitivos de 1990. Estos importantes hallazgos sugieren que se debe desarrollar la mitigación y los planes óptimos de manejo para eliminar los impactos de los cambios climáticos arriba mencionados y las futuras investigaciones que se deben seguir.根据区域气候模型, 气候变化可能会影响到地中海地区湖水的可获性和质量。Trichonis湖流域是面积为403 km$^{2}$的半山区, 它包括了位于希腊西部体积为2.6 e$^{9}$ m3的希腊最大的湖。本文通过湖水水位和营养物浓度评价了气候变化对湖水的水文和水质方面的影响。利用水量平衡估算和地理信息系统工具建立基于物理机制的空间分布模型。标定的模型被用来模拟由政府间气候变化组织设定的包括温度/蒸发量/蒸腾量增加和降雨量轻微减小的两个未来情景: A2 (悲观的) 和B2 (较乐观的)。模型据1990–1992年时段进行了有效的标定。这两个基本的气候情景显示, 与1990年代早期的值相比, 湖水位会分别下降24.2 cm 和12 cm, 而氮的浓度则会分别有3.4% 和10%的增加。这些重要的发现表明, 需要制定减缓和优化管理方案以减少前述气候变化的影响, 还应尽行进一步的研究。As alterações climáticas podem afectar os lagos mediterrânicos de modo significativo em termos de disponibilidade de água e da sua qualidade, de acordo com os modelos climáticos regionais. A bacia hidrográfica do Lago Trichonis cobre uma área semi-montanhosa de 403 km$^{2}$, incluindo o lago Greek, de maiores dimensões em termos de volume (2.6 × 10$^{9}$ m$^{3}$), localizado na Grécia ocidental. Foi avaliado o impacte das alterações climáticas na hidrologia e qualidade da água do lago, em termos do nível da água no mesmo e das concentrações dos nutrientes. As estimativas de balanço de água e os instrumentos do sistema de informação geográfica foram então usados para criar um modelo físico de distribuição espacial. O modelo calibrado foi simulado para dois cenários futuros especificados pelo Painel Intergovernamental para as Mudanças Climáticas: A2 (pessimista) e B2 (mais optimista), o que envolveu um incremento na temperatura / evaporação / evapotranspiração e um pequeno decréscimo na precipitação. O modelo foi calibrado eficientemente para o período de 1990–1992. Os dois cenários climáticos básicos mostram que as respostas dos níveis do lago levarão a um decréscimo de 24.2 cm e 12 cm, respectivamente, e a um incremento das concentrações totais de azoto de 3.4% e 10%, em relação aos valores do início dos anos 90. Estas conclusões importantes sugerem que os planos de mitigação e gestão óptima devem ser desenvolvidos para eliminar os impactes anteriormente mencionados das alterações climáticas e mostram que a pesquisa futura deverá continuar.
Starting Page	441
Ending Page	454
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	18
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	Portuguese
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2009-10-10
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Greece Hydrochemistry Nitrate Catchment model Climate change Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Geology Hydrogeology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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