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| Content Provider | IEEE Xplore Digital Library |
|---|---|
| Author | Koyanagi, M. |
| Copyright Year | 2011 |
| Description | Author affiliation: New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan (Koyanagi, M.) |
| Abstract | Three-dimensional (3D) integration technologies including a new 3D heterogeneous integration of super-chip are described. In addition, reliability issues in these 3D LSIs such as mechanical stresses induced by through-silicon vias (TSVs) and metal microbumps and Cu contamination in thinned wafers are discussed. Cu TSVs with the diameter of 20µm induced the maximum compressive stress of ∼1 GPa at the silicon substrate adjacent to them after annealed at 300°C for 30 min. Mechanical strain/stress and crystal defects were produced in extremely thin wafers (thickness ∼10µm) of 3D LSIs not only during wafer thinning, but also after wafer bonding using fine-pitch, high-density metal microbumps and curing. The influence of Cu contamination at the back surface of the thinned wafer has been evaluated by C-t analysis. C-t curves measured in MOS capacitors without IG layer and EG layer were seriously degraded after annealing even at 200°C whereas the C-t curves exhibited only a little change even after annealing up to 350 min at 300°C. It was revealed that the generation lifetime of minority carrier is significantly reduced by the Cu contamination. |
| File Size | 1951923 |
| File Format | |
| ISBN | 9781424491131 |
| ISSN | 19381891 |
| e-ISBN | 9781424491124 |
| e-ISBN | 9781424491117 |
| DOI | 10.1109/IRPS.2011.5784496 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Publisher Date | 2011-04-10 |
| Publisher Place | USA |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Rights Holder | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Subject Keyword | Silicon Stress Copper Substrates Three dimensional displays Bonding Cu contamination 3D LSI TSV Microbump Mechanical stress |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
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