NDLI: Generation of femtosecond electron bunches and hard-X-rays by ultra-intense laser wake field acceleration in a gas jet

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Zhidkov, A. Uesaka, M. Hosokai, T. Kinoshita, K.
Copyright Year	2004
Description	Author affiliation: Tokyo Univ., Tokai, Japan (Zhidkov, A.; Uesaka, M.; Hosokai, T.; Kinoshita, K.)
Abstract	Summary form only given. Femtosecond electron beams and hard X-rays with /spl lambda//spl sim/0.1 nm may find various applications in biology, chemistry, and molecular electronics giving a new time-scale probe analysis. Such short electron beams can be produced in the wake field acceleration by short relativistically intense laser pulses and then Thomson scattering of a second laser pulse can serve for efficient generation of very short X-rays with use of such electron beams. We study experimentally with 12 TW, 50 fs Ti-sapphire laser set-up and numerically through a multidimensional particle-in-cell simulation two mechanisms of generation of femtosecond electron bunches in gas jet suitable for efficient Thomson scattering. The first is the LWFA of electrons injected due to wave-breaking on a shock-wave produced by a laser prepulse in a He gas-jet. This mechanism allows us to produce a narrow-coned electron bunch with duration around 40 fs. Results of measurements agree well with two-dimensional hydrodynamics and particle-in-cell simulations. Such a beam can scatter up to 10/sup 9/ photons per pulse in 1/spl deg/ cone. Spectrum of scattered light is discussed. Because of large energy spread of electrons in a bunch, the X-ray spectrum is broad. To overcome this problem another mechanism, self-injection of plasma electrons, is proposed and studied numerically. The self-injection of plasma electrons which have been accelerated to relativistic energies by a laser pulse moving with a group velocity less than the speed of light appears when a/sub 0//spl ges//spl radic/2(/spl omega///spl omega//sub pl/)/sup 2/3/ where a/sub 0/ is normalized laser field. In contrast to the injection due to wave-breaking processes, self-injection allows extraction of a beam-quality bunch of energetic electrons. This injection is also expected to be useful in generation of very short pulse, /spl sim/10 fs, electron beams with the charge /spl sim/100 pC. The diameter of such a beam in a gas jet after acceleration is only 5-10 /spl mu/m that makes possible the production of high-brightness hard-X-rays with few percent energy spread by using contrary propagating laser pulses. The efficiency and spectrum of such X-rays are calculated and discussed. We also study density effects on the dynamics of a cavity produced in the wake of an ultra-intense (a/sub 0//spl Gt/1) femtosecond laser pulse via 2D particle-in-cell simulation. Formation of a non-breaking cavity is a crucial part of relativistic self-injection of plasma electrons and their further acceleration leading to a beam-quality femtosecond bunch. This self-injection appears in a uniform plasma when the group velocity of the pulse becomes smaller than the maximal electron energy mc/sup 2/a/sub 0//sup 2//2 so that a/sub 0/>(2/sup 1/4//spl omega///spl omega//sub pl/)/sup 2/3/. With increasing density, the total charge of the bunch increases, however, the energy distribution becomes Maxwellian-like; the bunch lengthens due to the effect of the wave-breaking injection and mutual effects on the cavity.
Sponsorship	Plasma Sci. and Applications Committee of the IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sci. Soc
File Size	87482
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780383346
ISSN	07309244
DOI	10.1109/PLASMA.2004.1340250
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2004-07-01
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Gas lasers Acceleration X-ray lasers Electron beams Plasma accelerators Optical pulse generation Light scattering Particle scattering X-ray scattering Ultrafast electronics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics Condensed Matter Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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