NDLI: A comparison of BGO, GSO, MLS, LGSO, LYSO and LSO scintillation materials for high-spatial-resolution animal PET detectors

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Ramirez, R.A. Wai-Hoi Wong Soonseok Kim Baghaei, H. Hongdi Li Yu Wang Yuxuan Zhang Shitao Liu Jiguo Liu
Copyright Year	2005
Description	Author affiliation: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Texas Univ., Houston, TX (Ramirez, R.A.; Wai-Hoi Wong; Soonseok Kim; Baghaei, H.; Hongdi Li; Yu Wang; Yuxuan Zhang; Shitao Liu; Jiguo Liu)
Abstract	We are developing very-high resolution detector blocks for animal PET applications. We studied different scintillating crystals materials, BGO, GSO, LSO, MLS, LGSO, and LYSO, to determine the most suitable material for a low cost and high-resolution detector. In this study, we measured and evaluated two different light-output data from individual crystal samples (two different sizes of needles): the scintillation light output received by the PMT as used in PET (LOPET) and the intrinsic light output (ILO). The ILO data, were measured with the largest side of crystal needles coupled to the PMT (crystal needles "lying down onto the PMT"), the LOPET data, were measured with the smallest crystal end coupled to the PMT as used in a PET detector (the crystal is "standing up" on the PMT). The pulse-height spectra for both ILO and LOPET were acquired for all the individual crystal samples, for deducing the percentages of light loss from self-absorption (LLSA) in the PET detector configuration, and energy resolution in both positions (ILO-ER and LOPET-ER). With these crystals, four detectors blocks were also developed, and we measured the overall light output and the position-decoding maps to gauge the decoding capability (DC) of the crystals. We also compared the visual color and clarity of individual crystals and detector blocks. For the two different sizes of the crystal samples that we received, we have the following finding: (a) For the 1.3times1.3times10 $mm^{3}$ crystals "standing up" as used in a PET camera, GSO, MLS and LYSO, lost almost half of the light while LSO lost more than 2/3 thereby ended up with the same light output as GSO. The energy resolution of LSO and GSO are quite similar (16% and 15%); but the light absorption is significant higher in LSO (71%) in comparison to GSO (54%), MLS (52%) and LYSO (48%). (b) For the 2times2times10 $mm^{3},$ the light loss from self-absorption (LLSA) was less than the 1.3 mm samples. MLS has the lowest self-absorption (26%), while GSO and LSO have the highest light loss. LGSO and LSO have the lowest LOPET for all the lutetium crystals tested. (c) From the position-decoding results from the detector blocks, LYSO, MLS and GSO provided better position-decoding resolution than the LSO. (d) For the visually comparison, LSO were visually much darker than the other lutetium crystals
Starting Page	2835
Ending Page	2839
File Size	568650
Page Count	5
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780392213
ISSN	10957863
DOI	10.1109/NSSMIC.2005.1596923
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2005-10-23
Publisher Place	Puerto Rico
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Multilevel systems Animals Positron emission tomography Solid scintillation detectors Crystals Crystalline materials Needles Energy resolution Costs Size measurement
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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