NDLI: Activation of space-borne bismuth germanate /spl gamma/-ray detectors

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Truscott, P.R. Dyer, C.S. Haskins, P.S. McKisson, J.E.
Copyright Year	1963
Abstract	Accurate knowledge of the sources of detector background is essential in /spl gamma/-ray astronomy for correct data interpretation, and for optimising detector design and operation. In the low-to medium-energy range, a major source of background arises from radioactivity that is induced in the detector medium itself by nuclear spallation and neutron capture. Results are presented from the Shuttle Activation Monitor flown in the Space Shuttle middeck area on two missions during August 1989 and September 1991. This experiment has been valuable in the study of induced radioactivity in BGO scintillators resulting from bombardment by cosmic-rays, trapped protons, and their secondaries created by interactions in a heavy spacecraft. Data from mono-energetic proton irradiation experiments have allowed investigation of activation effects in BGO for less complicated irradiation conditions, and the results from these experiments are also presented. Detailed simulations have been performed to determine BGO detector activation and response, and these take into consideration the effects of shielding by the spacecraft structure. The results compare very well to the experimental data, allowing features in the measured spectra to be identified. They also highlight the importance of shielding both in reducing activation by trapped protons, and enhancing cosmic-ray induced activation due to secondaries.<>
Sponsorship	IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society Computer Applications in Nuclear and Plasma Sciences (CANPS) Lawrence Berkeley Lab. Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab. APS College of William and Mary Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility NASA Defence Nuclear Agency Sandia National Laboratories Jet Propulsion Laboratory Brookhaven Nat. Lab. Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab IEEE/NPPS Radiat. Effects Committee Defence Nuclear Agency/DoD Sandia National Laboratories/DOE Jet Propulsion Laboratory/NASA Phillips Lab./DoD
Starting Page	946
Ending Page	955
Page Count	10
File Size	974223
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189499
Volume Number	42
Issue Number	4
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1995-08-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Bismuth Gamma ray detection Gamma ray detectors Protons Space vehicles Astronomy Design optimization Neutrons Monitoring Space shuttles
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nuclear and High Energy Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nuclear Energy and Engineering

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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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